An experimental fingerprint detection approach can identify traces of cocaine on human skin, even after someone has washed their hands - and the test is also smart enough to tell whether an individual has actually consumed the class A drug, or simply handled it.
Despite significant progress against HIV/AIDS, the nation’s capital is still battling an HIV epidemic with rates that are five times higher than the national average. A study published today in the journal Scientific Reports uses powerful next-generation sequencing technology to learn more about how the virus is spreading and developing drug resistance in the District of Columbia.
A new approach to analyzing seismic data reveals deep vertical zones of low seismic velocity in the plumbing system underlying Alaska's Cleveland volcano, one of the most-active of the more than 70 Aleutian volcanoes
Scientists at the University of Alaska Fairbanks have identified a new species of thalattosaur, a marine reptile that lived more than 200 million years ago.
New research by the University of Washington’s Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences finds that altruism may begin in infancy. In a study of nearly 100 19-month-olds, researchers found that children, even when hungry, gave a tasty snack to a stranger in need.
Drifting algae in the Austral Ocean can bring invasive species to the Antarctic coasts, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.
Scientists at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), in Laurel, Maryland, have identified highly absorbent materials that can extract drinkable water out of thin air – which could potentially lead to technologies that supply potable water in the driest areas on the planet.
The study reveals a detailed epigenetic mechanism for how interleukin-1-beta, a common cytokine that helps fight infections during inflammation, plays a critical role in cancer metastasis.
Imagine a device that could swiftly analyze microbes in oceans and other aquatic environments, revealing the health of these organisms – too tiny to be seen by the naked eye – and their response to threats to their ecosystems. Rutgers researchers have created just such a tool, a portable device that could be used to assess microbes, screen for antibiotic-resistant bacteria and analyze algae that live in coral reefs. Their work is published in the journal Scientific Reports.
Using a 22-year dataset of plant-caterpillar-parasitoid interactions collected within a patch of protected Costa Rican lowland Caribbean forest, scientists report declines in caterpillar and parasitoid diversity and density that are paralleled by losses in an important ecosystem service: biocontrol of herbivores by parasitoids.
Arctic sea ice cannot "quickly bounce back" if climate change causes it to melt, new research suggests.
During the past 20 years, insecticides applied to U.S. agricultural landscapes have become significantly more toxic -- over 120-fold in some midwestern states -- to honey bees when ingested, according to a team of researchers, who identified rising neonicotinoid seed treatments in corn and soy as the primary driver of this change.
Hard plant foods may have made up a larger part of early human ancestors’ diet than currently presumed, according to a new experimental study of modern tooth enamel from Washington University in St. Louis. The results have implications for reconstructing diet, and potentially for our interpretation of the fossil record of human evolution, researchers said.
Scientists studying fossils collected 35 years ago have identified them as the oldest-known scorpion species, a prehistoric animal from about 437 million years ago. The researchers found that the animal likely had the capacity to breathe in both ancient oceans and on land.
The idea of food addiction is a very controversial topic among scientists. Researchers from Aarhus University have delved into this topic and examined what happens in the brains of pigs when they drink sugar water.
Tracking sugar in the blood is crucial for both healthy individuals and diabetic patients. Current methods to measure glucose requires needles and repeated fingerpicks over the day. Fingerpicks can often be painful, deterring patient compliance
Most people associate the idea of creatures trapped in amber with insects or spiders, which are preserved lifelike in fossil tree resin.
In a new study led by the University of Notre Dame, researchers examined how various psychological characteristics of children struggling with their weight, such as loneliness, anxiety and shyness, combined with similar characteristics of their parents or guardians and family dynamics affect outcomes of nutritional intervention.
For the first time, scientists identified and mapped the location of structural proteins in a pig ovary. Ongoing development of an “ink” with these proteins will be used for 3-D printing an artificial (or bio-prosthetic) ovary that could be implanted and allow a woman to have a child. Findings were recently published in Scientific Reports.
El cáncer de endometrio es el más común de los cánceres ginecológicos en Estados Unidos y el cuarto más frecuente en las mujeres. Además, debido a que las tasas de incidencia del cáncer de endometrio van en aumento en el mundo occidental, eso plantea que los cambios en los factores ambientales, como la alimentación, el estilo de vida y el microbioma vaginal, pueden ser razones importantes para su causa.
O câncer de endométrio é a doença ginecológica mais comum nos EUA e o quarto câncer mais comum entre as mulheres. Além disso, as taxas de incidência de câncer de endométrio estão crescendo no Ocidente, indicando que alterações nos fatores ambientais, como dieta, estilo de vida e o microbioma vaginal, podem ser catalisadores importantes da causa da doença.
سرطان بطانة الرحم هو أكثر الأورام الخبيثة شيوعًا في أمراض النساء في الولايات المتحدة ورابع أكثر أنواع السرطان شيوعًا بين النساء. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، فإن معدلات الإصابة بسرطان بطانة الرحم آخذة في الارتفاع في العالم الغربي، مما يشير إلى أن التغيرات في العوامل البيئية مثل النظام الغذائي ونمط الحياة و الحَيُّوم الدقيق المهبلي قد تكون من العوامل المهمة في سببه.
子宫内膜癌是美国最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤，其发病率居女性癌症第四位。此外，西方国家/地区的子宫内膜癌发病率也呈上升趋势，这表明饮食、生活方式和阴道菌群等环境因素的改变可能是其发生的重要驱动因素。
Gebärmutterkrebs ist die häufigste bösartige gynäkologische Tumorform in den USA und die vierthäufigste Krebsart bei Frauen. Darüber hinaus steigt die Fallzahl von Gebärmutterkrebs in der westlichen Welt, was auf Veränderungen von Umweltfaktoren wie Ernährung, Lebensstil und vaginalem Mikrobiom als treibende Auslöser hindeutet.
Le cancer de l’endomètre représente la tumeur maligne gynécologique la plus fréquente aux États-Unis et le quatrième cancer le plus fréquent chez les femmes. De plus, les taux d'incidence du cancer de l'endomètre sont à la hausse dans le monde occidental, ce qui suggère que les modifications des facteurs environnementaux tels que l'alimentation, le mode de vie et le microbiome vaginal peuvent s’avérer être des facteurs importants dans son origine.
Adding a medication used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder and migraines to a blood pressure medicine reversed some aspects of breast cancer in the offspring of mice at high risk of the disease because of the high fat diet fed to their mothers during pregnancy. Conversely, this treatment combination increased breast cancer development in the offspring whose mothers had not been fed a high fat diet during pregnancy.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) will play a vital role in helping the world cut its carbon dioxide emissions, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says.
Boyce Thompson Institute researchers discover 95 potential new human protein targets for salicylate compounds and provide a roadmap for future drug development against dozens of diseases.
In a UC San Diego study, rats with spinal cord injuries experienced a three-fold increase in motor activity when treated with neural progenitor cells that had been pre-conditioned with a modified form of tPA, a drug commonly used to treat non-hemorrhagic stroke.
As carriers for diseases like dengue and Zika, mosquitoes kill more than 1 million people each year and sicken hundreds of millions more. But a better understanding of mosquito reproduction can help humans combat outbreaks of these diseases, which are worsening as the climate warms.
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the U.S. and the fourth most common cancer among women. In addition, endometrial cancer incidence rates are on the rise in the western world, suggesting that alterations in environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and the vaginal microbiome may be important drivers in its cause.
Coastal cities can be spared some wind destruction from intensifying hurricanes or tropical storm systems if they have functional wetland ecosystems and agricultural croplands in the area, according to new computer modeling.
Psychologist observing two chimpanzees in a zoo have discovered that they performed a behaviour hitherto never seen, they coordinated together in a rhythmic social ritual.
Gender differences in the ability to recognize female celebrities linked to the level of a country’s gender equality
A new experiment by the University of Washington has found that some corals are more likely to eat microplastics when they are consuming other food, yet microplastics alone are undesirable.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant global cause of mortality and morbidity with an increasing incidence
Despite efforts over multiple decades, there are still no cell lines for marine invertebrates. For the first time, scientists have developed a breakthrough in marine invertebrate (sponge) cell culture, demonstrating exceptionally fast cell division and the ability to subculture the cells. This groundbreaking discovery forms the basis for developing marine invertebrate cell models to better understand early animal evolution, determine the role of secondary metabolites, predict the impact of climate change to coral reef community ecology and develop novel medicines.
Wooden breast syndrome hurts the poultry industry by making chicken meat chewy. Researchers found gene expression irregularities suggesting it’s a metabolic disorder and could lead to short-term solutions. The findings may also inform human health research on metabolic syndromes such as diabetes.
Scientists have peered inside the brain to show how taking DMT affects human consciousness by significantly altering the brain's electrical activity.
A new genetic study carried out at the University of Helsinki and the University of Turku demonstrates that, at the end of the Iron Age, Finland was inhabited by separate and differing populations
Researchers from EPFL and MIT have shown that human mobility is a major factor in the spread of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue even over short intra-city distances.
A joint group of researchers at the George Washington University and the University of Pittsburgh have found that dopamine and the dopamine D2 receptor modulate expression via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This pathway is responsible for control of cell proliferation and organ identity and is implicated in cancer, thus having broad implications for health and development of new therapeutics
A pediatric researcher has identified patterns of spinal curvature in younger children that may be likely to develop into scoliosis by adolescence. Accurately predicting scoliosis, a common, abnormal curvature of the spine, may set the stage for the first-ever methods to prevent the potentially disabling condition.
Recent study found that an effective blood cancer treatment was associated with weight gain, obesity, and increased systolic blood pressure
Invisible footprints hiding since the end of the last ice age – and what lies beneath them – have been discovered by Cornell University researchers using a special type of radar in a novel way.
In a new study, scientists observed several simultaneous reactions in mice given a common chemotherapy drug: Their gut bacteria and tissue changed, their blood and brains showed signs of inflammation, and their behaviors suggested they were fatigued and cognitively impaired.
Published today in Scientific Reports they hope their method will provide a blueprint to create credible fakes that could eventually flood a market which has decimated the wild rhino population.
A new study published in Scientific Reports, a Nature Research journal, shows how a one-time exposure during early pregnancy to cannabinoids (CBs) – both synthetic and natural – can cause growth issues in a developing embryo. This is the first research to show such a connection in mammals.
Raman microspectroscopy is a laboratory technique to produce molecular fingerprints of materials, however fluorescence has interfered with its applications. Now scientists have devised a photochemical technique, published in Scientific Reports, that suppresses fluorescence.
The human brain can recognise a familiar song within 100 to 300 milliseconds, highlighting the deep hold favourite tunes have on our memory, a UCL study finds.
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