Though a cornerstone of thermodynamics, entropy remains one of the most vexing concepts to teach budding physicists in the classroom. In The Physics Teacher, co-published by AIP Publishing and the American Association of Physics Teachers, T. Ryan Rogers designed a hand-held model to demonstrate the concept of entropy for students.
Isotopes — atoms of a particular element that have different numbers of neutrons — can be used for a variety of tasks, from tracking climate change to conducting medical research.Investigating rare isotopes, which have extreme neutron-to-proton imbalances and are often created in accelerator facilities, provides scientists with opportunities to test their theories of nuclear structure and to learn more about isotopes that have yet to be utilized in application.
Neutrino mass, a crucial piece of many unresolved physics puzzles, may one day be revealed through a novel measurement system that has just proven its mettle: Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES).
While studying random algorithms to learn their generic features and to develop new strategies to correct quantum processor errors, Cornell researchers discovered that certain classes of algorithms lead to hidden order called “spin-glass” for its analogy to window glass, which at the micro level has the disorder of liquid and the rigidity of a solid.
We have decided to tell about very interesting method of genetic coding of iron nanoparticles right in cells for MRT-tomography.
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) – black holes with masses exceeding a million times that of the Sun – are known to prevail in the universe today.
Scientists have observed a rare new radioactive decay mode for the first time. In this decay mode, oxygen-13 (with eight protons and five neutrons) decays by breaking into three helium nuclei (an atom without the surrounding electrons), a proton, and a positron (the antimatter version of an electron) following beta decay. The findings expand scientific knowledge of decay processes and the properties of the nucleus before the decay.
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $29 million in funding for seven team awards for research in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data resources for fusion energy sciences.
A Neptune-sized planet denser than steel has been discovered by an international team of astronomers, who believe its composition could be the result of a giant planetary clash.
Experts at Berkeley Lab finished winding more than 2000 kilometers of superconducting wire into cables for new magnets that will help upgrade the Large Hadron Collider and the search for new physics.
Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $24 million in funding for three collaborative projects in quantum network research.
In Journal of Applied Physics, Markus Buehler combines attention neural networks with graph neural networks to better understand and design proteins. The approach couples the strengths of geometric deep learning with those of language models to predict existing protein properties and envision new proteins that nature has not yet devised. Buehler’s model turns numbers, descriptions, tasks, and other elements into symbols for his neural networks to use.
The Maria Goeppert Mayer Fellow describes his research on superconducting nanowires and how Argonne has supported his career development.
High-brightness femtosecond laser sources with large spectral coverage are indispensable tools that enable optical spectroscopy to simultaneously resolve the ultrafast dynamics of multiple physical, chemical, and biological processes of a sample.
Experiments promote a curious flipside of decaying monopoles: a reality where particle physics is quite literally turned on its head
Scientists at the University of Sydney have, for the first time, used a quantum computer to engineer and directly observe a process critical in chemical reactions by slowing it down by a factor of 100 billion times.
High-impact research projects that will use quantum approaches to address climate resilience and sustainable energy; scale up educational programs for at-risk children in Nebraska and support the early childhood workforce; and make food plastics safer for consumers have been funded through the second Grand Challenges Catalyst Competition.
A team at Sandia National Laboratories developed a molecule that helps change the way some materials react to temperature fluctuations, which makes them more durable. It’s an application that could be used in everything from plastic phone cases to missiles.
Tracking how high energy jets of quarks travel through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can reveal information about the QGP’s properties. Recent theoretical calculations that include non-local quantum interactions in the QGP predict a super-diffusive process that deflects energetic particles faster than previously assumed. The discovery might help explain why the QGP flows like a nearly perfect liquid.
Electronic nematic order in kagome materials has thus far been entangled with charge density waves.
A new study led by Dr. Xuekun Lu from Queen Mary University of London in collaboration with an international team of researchers from the UK and USA has found a way to prevent lithium plating in electric vehicle batteries, which could lead to faster charging times.
Leslie Rogers describes her research on radioactive decay and how Argonne supported her career development.
The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment collaboration, an international team of researchers measuring key properties of ghostlike particles called neutrinos, is a co-recipient of the European Physical Society's (EPS) 2023 High Energy and Particle Physics Prize.
Armando Rúa, a collaborator with the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, was awarded a prestigious grant as part of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s Experimental Investigators Initiative for his innovative materials science proposal.
Electron and scanning probe microscopes have become critical tools for condensed matter physics, materials science, and chemistry research.
Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $9.96 million in funding for universities, private industry, and a national laboratory to support research in basic plasma science and engineering as well as frontier plasma science experiments at several midscale DOE Collaborative Research Facilities (CRFs) across the nation.
Harnessing the potential of quantum physics for advances in computing, communication and other technologies promises to be the next great engineering challenge.
One of the most common and practically useful experiments in all of fluid dynamics involves holding an object in air or submerging it fully underwater, exposing it to a steady flow to measure its resistance in the form of drag
A team of Berkeley Lab researchers has recently demonstrated a more effective technique for creating quantum emitters using pulsed ion beams, which could lead to their use in a quantum internet and for sensing radiation.
In JASA, researchers from the University of Oldenburg study the impact of hearing loss on subjects’ enjoyment of different music mixes.
An experiment to explore the 3D structures of nucleon resonances – excited states of protons and neutrons -- at Jefferson Lab offers critical insights into the basic building blocks of matter and has added one more puzzle piece to the vast picture of the chaotic, nascent universe that existed just after the Big Bang.
Scientists reported the first observations of how hypernuclei flow from particle collisions. The researchers observed that the hypernuclei flow much the same as ordinary nuclei in a way that scales with their overall nuclear mass.
Texas Tech’s Benjamin Owen receives a National Science Foundation grant to learn more about different types of gravitational waves.
Three Argonne projects will receive funding to use AI and machine learning for nuclear physics accelerators and detectors.
In a new Q&A, microelectronics expert and CHiPPS Director Ricardo Ruiz shares his perspective on keeping pace with Moore’s Law in the decades to come through a revolutionary technique called extreme ultraviolet lithography.
Predictions of neutrino-nucleon interaction made using the Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD) nuclear theory method predict stronger interaction than predictions determined from older, less precise experimental data.
In a recent Science paper, researchers observed novel ergodicity-breaking in C60, a highly symmetric molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms arranged on the vertices of a “soccer ball” pattern (with 20 hexagon faces and 12 pentagon faces).
Chiral molecules are those that have two versions that are mirror images, like our right and left hands.
AU Systems, the producer of ultrafast, compact laser-plasma accelerators, today announced the successful upgrade of the existing University of Texas Tabletop Terawatt Laser (UT3), to a new and improved performance for powering a compact particle accelerator.
For nearly 40 years, materials called ‘strange metals’ have flummoxed quantum physicists, defying explanation by operating outside the normal rules of electricity.
Angel Garcia-Esparza wins 2023 Spicer Young Investigator Award for studying catalysts in action. The award is part of SLAC SSRL's annual users' meeting in September.
Sean Jones will leverage his experience across government, academia and industry as chief research officer for Argonne National Laboratory.
A team of researchers, including NOIRLab astronomer André-Nicolas Chené, has found a highly unusual star that has the most powerful magnetic field ever found in a massive star — and that may become one of the most magnetic objects in the Universe: a variant of a neutron star known as a magnetar. This finding marks the discovery of a new type of astronomical object — a massive magnetic helium star — and sheds light on the origin of magnetars.
Un equipo de investigadores, que incluía al astrónomo de NOIRLab André-Nicolas Chené, descubrió una inusual estrella con el campo magnético más poderoso jamás encontrado en una estrella masiva, que podría convertirla en uno de los objetos más magnéticos de todo el Universo, es decir, una variante de una estrella de neutrones conocida como “magnétar”. El hallazgo marca el descubrimiento de un nuevo tipo de objeto astronómico, una estrella de helio magnética masiva, y provee información sobre el origen de los magnétares.
Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $16 million for fifteen projects that will implement artificial intelligence methods to accelerate scientific discovery in nuclear physics research.
The Advanced Quantum Testbed (AQT) at Berkeley Lab celebrated the first five years of operations and its renewal with a two-day hybrid summit in May 2023, bringing together staff, alums, testbed users, and colleagues.
Scientists have found a mathematical shortcut that could help harness fusion energy, a potential source of clean electricity that could mitigate floods, heat waves, and other rising effects of climate change.
For over 150 years, Missouri University of Science and Technology has been a leader in the field of mineral recovery, and that continued to be the case last week when the university hosted the third annual Resilient Supply of Critical Minerals national workshop.
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