Antibiotic resistance is an urgent problem globally when treating many infections. Now a team of scientists believe a better understanding of the mechanisms of pili, the hair-like surface appendages on bacteria that initiate infection, could hold a key to developing new and more effective therapeutics.
Engineers have developed a super-hydrophobic surface that can be used to generate electrical voltage. When salt water flows over this specially patterned surface, it can produce at least 50 millivolts. The proof-of-concept work could lead to the development of new power sources for lab-on-a-chip platforms and other microfluidics devices. It could someday be extended to energy harvesting methods in water desalination plants, researchers said.
A new study describes the earliest-known use of nutmeg as a food ingredient, found at an archaeological site in Indonesia.
FSU Professor of Biological Science Scott Steppan and his former postdoctoral researcher John Schenk, now at Georgia Southern University, developed a new model that shows how geography can play a major role in how families of animals evolve and result in many species. The research was part of a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to understand why the superfamily Muroidea (which includes the subfamily Sigmodontinae) is the most diverse branch of the mammal family tree.
Researchers from Arizona's three public universities, including Mikhail Chester from ASU and Ben Ruddell from NAU, received a $1.5 million grant from the NSF for this project.
Fuel cells have long been viewed as a promising power source. But most fuel cells are too expensive, inefficient, or both. In a new approach, inspired by biology, a University of Wisconsin–Madison team has designed a fuel cell using cheaper materials and an organic compound that shuttles electrons and protons.
A new study, “Reassessment of Pre-Industrial Fire Emissions Strongly Affects Anthropogenic Aerosol Forcing,” by a Cornell University postdoctoral researcher, published in August in Nature Communications, finds that emissions from fire activity were significantly greater in the preindustrial era, which began around 1750, than previously thought. As a result, scientists have underestimated the cooling effect the aerosol particles produced by these fires had on the past climate.
Both the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the Centers for Disease Control have concluded that up to one drink daily for women, and up to two drinks daily for men, fall within U.S. dietary guidelines. Several studies have reported that consuming one to two drinks on occasion – called low-level drinking – is protective against cardiovascular disease. However, other research has shown that any alcohol use appears to increase the risk of some types of cancer. This study used large-scale databases to analyze the association between alcohol use and risk of death.
Observation could help scientists find the universal key ingredient in the recipe for high-temperature superconductivity.
As hurricanes barrel toward the coastlines and wildfires rage in arid regions of the United States, scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory are providing critical geospatial data to support first responders as they work to save lives and property.
Computers in the future could be more energy-efficient, thanks to new research from Binghamton University, State University at New York.
Crop breeders are developing a biofortified wheat that could make proper nutrition easier.
A new electric vehicle fast charger is at least 10 times smaller than existing systems and wastes 60 percent less power during the charging process, without sacrificing the charging time.
American Chemical Society’s president comments on award of 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Columbia Engineers have created the first flat lens capable of correctly focusing a large range of colors of any polarization to the same focal spot without the need for any additional elements. Only a micron thick, their revolutionary "flat" lens is much thinner than a sheet of paper and offers performance comparable to top-of-the-line compound lens systems. UPenn nanophotonics expert Nader Engheta, who was not involved with this study, notes: "This…is an exciting development in the field of flat optics.”
Sea lettuce, a fast-growing seaweed that spawns massive “green tides,” is a prolific thief, according to research that for the first time sequenced the genome of a green seaweed
Leaf fossils discovered high in Australia’s Snowy Mountains have revealed a past history of warmer rainforest vegetation and a lack of snow, in contrast with the alpine vegetation and winter snow-covered slopes of today.
a team of researchers has used an X-ray laser to measure, for the first time, how a plasma created by a laser blast expands in the hundreds of femtoseconds (quadrillionths of a second) after it’s created. Their technique could eventually reveal tiny instabilities in the plasma that swirl like cream in a cup of coffee.
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