Focus: Hidden - New York

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A group of astronomers from the US, Europe, Chile and South Africa have determined that 70,000 years ago a recently discovered dim star is likely to have passed through the solar system’s distant cloud of comets, the Oort Cloud. No other star is known to have ever approached our solar system this close – five times closer than the current closest star, Proxima Centauri. In a paper published in Astrophysical Journal Letters, lead author Eric Mamajek from the University of Rochester and his collaborators analyzed the velocity and trajectory of a low-mass star system nicknamed “Scholz’s star.”

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Crowdsourcing – where responses to a task are aggregated across a large number of individuals recruited online – can be an effective tool for rating sounds in speech disorders research, according to a study by NYU’s Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development.

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Interviews begin with questions, but a University at Buffalo researcher is instead questioning the interview, and the answers are mapping the history and unexplored conceptual areas of this familiar information-gathering tool.

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When terrorists strike, emergency workers who have the proper training, information access and a positive work environment will make better decisions, according to research from the University at Buffalo School of Management.

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A spit test may one day be able to diagnose autism according to researchers at Clarkson University and the State University of New York at Plattsburgh.

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Researchers have discovered a novel role for Mitofusin 2, and the findings may point to a new treatment for patients with diseases caused by loss of the mitochondrial protein.

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The United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship has named Clarkson University the "National Model Undergraduate Program in Entrepreneurship Education."

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Residents of snowy, northern U.S. cities are at risk of vitamin D deficiency and worse, may not even know it.

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The arctic cold snap affecting the Midwest and the Northeast this weekend should not be taken lightly, says David Holmes, MD, clinical associate professor of family medicine in the University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.

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The blend of digital technology and traditional merit badges, such as those earned by Boy and Girl Scouts, would provide an opportunity to both motivate and measure learning, according to new research by a UB education professor.

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Although most materials slightly expand when heated, there is a new class of rubber-like material that not only self-stretches upon cooling; it reverts back to its original shape when heated, all without physical manipulation.

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Monkeys are notoriously curious, and new research has quantified just how eager they are to gain new information, even if there are not immediate benefits. The findings offer insights into how a certain part of the brain shared by monkeys and humans plays a role in decision making, and perhaps even in some disorders and addictions in humans.

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A new Cornell University study warns that the existing system of space-based rainfall observation satellites requires a serious overhaul. Particularly in many developing countries, satellite-based flood prediction has weak spots, which could lead to major flooding that catches people by surprise. What’s more, four of the 10 dedicated rainfall satellites are past their warranty, further increasing risk of disaster.

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An investigation by NYU’s Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that more than a quarter of New York City retailers did not request identification from young adults buying cigarettes. The study, published online in the BMJ journal Tobacco Control, was conducted in anticipation of the minimum purchase age for cigarettes rising from 18 to 21.

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The consequences of climate change paint a bleak picture for the Southwest and much of America’s breadbasket, the Great Plains. A “megadrought” likely will occur late in this century, and it could last for three decades, according to a new report by Cornell University and NASA researchers in the journal Science Advances, published today.

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The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine and its Feline Health Center, and the University of Glasgow's Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine have just co-convened the first "Vaccines for Conservation" international meeting at the Wildlife Conservation Society’s Bronx Zoo in New York City. Experts from around the world focused on the threat that canine distemper virus poses to the conservation of increasingly fragmented populations of threatened carnivores. While canine distemper has been known for many years as a problem affecting domestic dogs, the virus has been appearing in new areas and causing disease and mortality in a wide range of wildlife species, including tigers and lions. In fact, many experts agree that the virus should not be called “canine distemper” virus at all, given the diversity of species it infects.

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The Center for the Study of Men and Masculinities (CSMM) at Stony Brook University will host the International Conference on Masculinities: Engaging Men and Boys for Gender Equality, a four-day symposium to encourage men’s activism in support of gender justice and increase cooperation between feminist activists and academic researchers who address these issues.

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Under new terms of the partnership with WHO, Columbia Nursing will be working to develop new roles for advanced practice nursing, improve clinical practice and research in nursing and midwifery, and expand the use of informatics and online learning programs in Latin America and Caribbean countries.

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The South Sumatra Military Police, South Sumatra Provincial Natural Resource Conservation Office (BKSDA), and the Wildlife Conservation Society’s Wildlife Crimes Unit (WCU) announced today the recent arrest of a major wildlife trafficker illegally trading in tiger parts and other protected wildlife in Indonesia. The suspect has allegedly sold more than 100 stuffed tigers over a ten-year period.

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In what is believed to be the largest epigenetic analysis to date of cell-signaling molecules in early-stage melanoma, researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center and its Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center have identified two tiny bits of non-coding genetic material in primary tumors that appear critical to stalling the cancer’s spread -- and essentially setting the biological fate of the disease.

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The heart is a symbol of love, and there’s no better way to say “I love you” than to help someone you love quit smoking. February is American Heart Month, and New York City Treats Tobacco wants you take steps towards a healthier heart by quitting smoking!

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A team of Stony Brook University researchers have identified fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) as intracellular transporters for two ingredients in marijuana, THC and CBD (cannabidiol). The finding, published early online in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, is significant because it helps explain how CBD works within the cells. Recent clinical findings have shown that CBD may help reduce seizures and could be a potential new medicine to treat pediatric treatment-resistant epilepsy.

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Silicon nanomaterials used for localized delivery of chemotherapy drugs behave differently in cancerous tumors than in healthy tissues. The new findings could help scientists improve materials for the controlled release of the chemotherapy drugs.

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Ludwig Cancer Research and the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation announced today the launch of a $10 million research program to advance dietary interventions and technologies for the prevention of colon cancer. The new program, to which each organization will contribute $5 million over five years, expands an existing partnership between the two organizations to develop DNA tests to detect the recurrence of colon cancer in cancer patients.

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If you want to unravel the secrets of proton spin, put a “twist” in your colliding proton beams. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is the only facility in the world with the ability to collide such spin-polarized protons. The latest round of these collisions has just begun and will continue for approximately the next nine weeks.

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Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care Receives National Accreditation with Commendation from the Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons

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Latino adolescents who experience discrimination-related stress are more likely to experience anxiety, depression, and issues with sleep, according to research led by NYU. These mental health outcomes were more pronounced among Latino teens born in the U.S. to immigrant parents, as opposed to foreign-born teens.

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Each year nearly 600,000 people—mostly children under age five and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa—die from malaria, caused by single-celled parasites that grow inside red blood cells. The most deadly malarial species—Plasmodium falciparum—has proven notoriously resistant to treatment efforts. But thanks to a novel approach developed by scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and described in the January 20 online edition of ACS Chemical Biology, researchers can readily screen thousands of drugs to find those potentially able to kill P. falciparum.

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The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore announced that it has opened a clinic to treat children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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A global audience is gathering this week, intent on changing the way science is done. Over 600 people from 25 countries will convene February 11 and 12, 2015, at the San Jose Convention Center for “Citizen Science 2015,” the inaugural conference of the Citizen Science Association.

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"Fifty Shades of Grey" is credited with a sexual awakening among tame housewives and staid girlfriends, and the addition of lower-lip-biting spice to vanilla bedrooms across America. But for Rebecca Plante, an associate professor of sociology at Ithaca College, the BDSM exploits of Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele are hardly an erotic revelation.

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WCS submitted testimony to the Hawaii House Committee on Water and Land in support of HB 837, which would help shut down the illegal trade in ivory currently decimating elephants across Africa.

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The drug Gleevec (imatinib mesylate) is well known not only for its effectiveness against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but also for the story behinds its development. A similar drug might be able to tame some brain cancers, new research from Columbia University Medical Center has shown

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Researcher Heather Ochs-Balcom says, "Our family-based gene hunt is similar to the groundbreaking study among women with European ancestry done in the early 1990s that led to the discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, which greatly increase susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer.”

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The associate professor and chair of Buffalo State’s Fashion and Textile Technology Department has studied clothing sizing for more than 20 years, and she’s the first to admit it’s puzzling at best. When it comes to women’s clothing, there is no industry sizing standard, meaning it’s up to each designer to decide the ideal female shape. For many women, finding clothes that consistently fit can pose a challenge.

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Woodrow Wilson suffered a severe stroke while in office in 1919. FDR had polio andpossibly Guillain-Barre syndrome. As President's Day approaches, Nicholas J. Silvestri, MD, assistant professor of neurology at the UB, can discuss the neurological conditions that have affected the country's top office.

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An international team of scientists, including Minghua Zhang, Dean and Director of Stony Brook University’s School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (SoMAS), has found that man-made aerosol emissions from industrial processes have changed the relationship between temperature and precipitation in the northing tropics. The findings, published early online in Nature Geoscience, may help to indicate the shifts in seasonal rainfall in Central America, which is critical for agriculture in the region.

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U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Ernest Moniz today dedicated the world’s most advanced light source, the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The NSLS-II is a $912-million DOE Office of Science User Facility that produces extremely bright beams of x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared light used to examine a wide range of materials, including superconductors and catalysts, geological samples, and biological proteins to accelerate advances in energy, environmental science, and medicine.

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Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), the leading nonprofit driver of research toward cures and treatments for all blinding disorders, is co-sponsoring a major Institute of Medicine (IOM) study entitled “Public Health Approaches to Reduce Vision Impairment and Promote Eye Health.”

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U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Ernest Moniz today dedicated the world's most advanced light source, the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The NSLS-II is a $912-million DOE Office of Science User Facility that produces extremely bright beams of x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared light used to examine a wide range of materials, including superconductors and catalysts, geological samples, and biological proteins to accelerate advances in energy, environmental science, and medicine.

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A team of scientists has identified the complex process by which materials are shaped and ultimately dissolved by surrounding water currents.

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Columbia Engineering Professor Samuel Sia has developed a low-cost smartphone accessory that can perform a point-of-care test that simultaneously detects three infectious disease markers—HIV and syphilis—from a finger prick of blood in just 15 minutes. The device replicates, for the first time, all mechanical, optical, and electronic functions of a lab-based blood test without requiring any stored energy: all necessary power is drawn from the smartphone. February 4, Science Translational Medicine.

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Scientists at the University at Buffalo’s Research Institute on Addictions (RIA) are studying chronic stress and depression, with a focus on endocannabinoids, which are brain chemicals similar to substances in marijuana.

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The Idaho Transportation Department (ITD), Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) today announced the completion of a four-year collaborative study in Idaho’s Island Park area that will better inform decision-making with regard to wildlife-related hazards and improved safety on U.S. Highway 20 and Idaho Highway 87.

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The Government of Madagascar has created the country’s first marine sanctuary for sharks as part of a new law to safeguard the country’s marine resources and the communities that rely on them, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society.