In a Purdue University study of morality and motivation in sports, teen-age athletes rated coaches as having the most influence on their likelihood to be overly aggressive or to chat in sports. Parents also were a factor, with dads having the most influence on cheating and moms influencing aggression.
Male college athletes consume about 50 percent more alcohol than their counterparts who don't participate in intercollegiate sports, a record beaten only by college fraternity members, as shown in a study published by the Core Institute at Southern Illinois University in Carbondale.
Deep poverty in early childhood profoundly affects achievement in later years, according to a new study that examines schooling outcomes in relation to family incomes.
1948 ìset the engines goingî for the rest of 20th century America, according to George Douglas, the author of nine books dealing with U.S. culture and history.
The issue of physician-assisted suicide, long the shrouded preserve of activists like Dr. Jack Kevorkian, is about to go public with political battles expected in a number of state legislatures.
PakistanÃs nuclear tests on May 28, in apparent response to IndiaÃs testing earlier in the month, could represent ìthe biggest foreign policy failure of the Clinton administration,î says Stephen P. Cohen, an expert on South Asian security and nuclear issues.
As activists and politicians debate the merits and drawbacks to same-sex marriages, a University of Iowa professor has taken a step back to look at the rituals involved in these ceremonies and what they represent for the couples as well as for society as a whole.
Researchers report that when relaying an emotional experience, children who drew as they spoke reported more than twice as much information than children asked only to talk about their experiences. Furthermore, the additional information did not occur at the expense of accuracy, according to an article to be published in the June issue of the APA's Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied.
Fingerprints, DNA matches and fibers may be more reliably objective indicators that a suspect committed a crime, but, studies have found, for most jurors, nothing beats the confident testimony of an eyewitness, even when the eyewitness is completely wrong. Research has shown that incorrect eyewitness identifications account for more convictions of innocent persons than all other causes combined. Now a new study published by the American Psychological Association provides even further evidence that eyewitness testimony may not deserve the confidence that many jurors have in it.
The scene was a tiny village on the Venezuelan savanna where anthropologist Pei-Lin Yu of Southern Methodist University was living among the PumÈ Indians in order to study their way of life. It was the rainy season in September 1992 and thanks to a good hunting trip, everyone was dining on venison. YuÃs fellow researcher tossed some leftover bones into a fire rather than brave a torrential downpour to throw them in the trash outside of camp. A PumÈ friend nicknamed P. J. entered their thatched-roof house and saw the bones mixed in with the coals.
Just 10 days before India conducted five underground nuclear tests, participants in an international workshop at the University of Georgia expressed dissatisfaction with the pace of change in the strategic bilateral relationship between India and the United States.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health have found that how well or poorly a young person interacts with family and peers, participates in school, and controls behavior can reveal the presence or absence of psychiatric disorders much earlier than can traditional indicators such as school failure and contact with police, which appear after problems have already become entrenched. Social role dysfunction can also help indicate whether a teen's psychiatric problems will be acted out as behavior problems or turned inward to cause emotional difficulties.
The overall amount of disruptive behavior in the first grade classroom can influence the course of aggressive behavior in boys through middle school, according to a study by Johns Hopkins School of Public Health researchers. The common practice of grouping many disruptive children together in one classroom may be actively steering those children toward anti-social behavior. The study was published in the Spring 1998 issue of Development and Psychopathology.
Investing major resources in reforming mental health systems of care for children and adolescents appears to be ill advised, according to a professor who led two recently completed mental health studies.
University of Georgia researchers have spent the past decade searching for the secret to living an active, meaningful life beyond the age of 100. Instead of a secret formula, they've found an equal-opportunity phenomenon.
The CIA and its 12 companion U.S. intelligence agencies are bloated bureaucracies, overly reliant upon technology and in need of a game plan for the post-Cold War era, according to Loch Johnson, a University of Georgia Regents Professor of Political Science.
Poor children in America face multiple stressors that threaten their biology and psychology, says James Garbarino, professor of human development at Cornell University. Yet, conventional economic barometers paint rosy economic pictures mask that the demise of children in trouble.
Senator John McCain's proposed comprehensive tobacco legislation that is expected to raise cigarette prices by $1.10 per pack will reduce teen smoking rates by 27 percent, according to a new study by the University of Maryland and the National Opinion Research Center.
Sticks and stones may break your bones, but words can also hurt you, says a University of Georgia clinical psychology professor. Bruises and broken bones are easier to see, but it doesn't mean that the injuries of psychological abuse are any less painful or long-lasting.
Beware of the upcoming summer holidays. They can be killers. "DUI fatalities during the summer holidays are far greater than the winter holidays," says Michael S. Garr of Wilkes University. He studies alcohol use and social settings, and drunken driving. When examining each day of the Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, and Labor Day holiday periods, Garr says the data reveal a higher incidence of alcohol-related fatalities than each day of the Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year's holiday periods.
Tips from Notre Dame experts on the Microsoft case, India's nuclear tests, the Israeli position, Viagra and health care, NATO expansion, and a new book on the psychology of people who claim to have seen UFOs.
Sea Grant Memorial Day / Summer Safety Tip Sheet: 1)Seafood Savvy: Knowing the Risks of Catching Your Own Fish and Shellfish 2)Choosing the Right ÃŒbuddy" Crucial to Safe Scuba Diving 3)Beach Safety: Protecting Yourself from Lightning
Men who watch their favorite sports team compete and win experience the same type of testosterone surges as the players.
Psychology's movement away from an exclusive focus on assessing and repairing illness and toward an emphasis on prevention will be an overarching theme of the 106th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.
The most recent explosion in the travel industry may have been ignited by aging baby boomers who still want to kick up their heels. Adventure vacations for persons over 50 years old are one of the fastest-growing areas of the travel industry, according to Purdue University travel expert Alastair Morrison.
Volunteering boosts self-esteem and energy and gives Americans a sense of mastery over their lives, particularly in later midlife, says a new Cornell University study.
High-fashion models are thin. But the first study of the majority of professional models shows a leanness that is life-threatening. These are not the handful of celebrity super models in the news, but rather the anonymous women typically seen in print and television advertising for clothing, household items, jewelry, automobiles, children's products, food and the like.
Experts in Ball State University's School of Physical Education are available to provide information related to National Physical Fitness and Sports Month during May.
Elderly people who have pets are happier and healthier, but society has erected roadblocks that often keep animals away from the elderly, a Purdue University expert says.
Sea Grant Tip Sheet: 1) Study Finds Group of Marine Bacteria Dominate Waters Off Southeastern U.S. Coast, 2) Teachers to Gain Hands-On Experience at Interactive Exotic Species Day Camp, 3) Women Who Claim Title "Fisherman's Wife" Meet Stress of Fishing Marriages Better
"Go west, young man," New York journalist Horace Greeley told growth-happy American men (and women) in the 19th century. And for most of America's history, the country's increasingly mobile citizens pushed west, and south. Until recently, perhaps.
Minority and handicapped children in the New York state foster care system who qualify for subsidies are twice as likely to get adopted as other children, according to a Cornell University study by Rosemary Avery. She has completed one of the most comprehensive studies tracking the outcome of foster care children. However, she notes, 90 percent of the foster children available for adoption in the state get adopted.
Hard-to-place children who are adopted in New York State receive "vastly different levels of support," sometimes half that of a similar child living in a nearby county, says a new Cornell University study. Some of the most vulnerable children are not being treated equally, and low support may inhibit adoption rates, leaving children to linger in foster care, says Rosemary Avery, associate professor of policy analysis and management at Cornell.
Traditional support groups clearly help cancer survivors cope with their experiences, and Internet-based networks can offer many of the same benefits, says a University of Delaware professor who examined the content, advantages andpitfalls of "cyber solace" in a new study published in the January-February issue of "Computers in Nursing."
In the new book "Escaping the Advice Trap," two Cornell psychologists ask more than 100 experts how they would respond to 59 tough relationship problems. Then, Wendy M. Williams and Stephen Ceci, both professors in the department of human development at Cornell University, offer a bottom-line analysis for each dilemma.
Even though people of all ages are working fewer hours and retiring earlier than their parents and grandparents did, many of them feel overloaded. "Especially in two-job families with young children, life can seem like one long sprint, without time for real exercise or real leisure," says University of Michigan psychologist Robert L. Kahn.
A new book, The Soviet World of American Communism, further confirms the fact that the American Communist Party was a tool of the Soviet Union says co-author and Emory University political scientist Harvey Klehr. The claims are based on Klehr's research in the archives of the Communist International in Moscow.
In the first study focusing on the juvenile "peer court" process, UC Irvine professor Robert Beck has concluded that this recent and innovative approach to combating teen crime appears to be an effective alternative to the more traditional and punitive juvenile justice system.
It's not a good idea to be extremely friendly with your ex-spouse, but it's not healthy to be overly hostile, either
U-M Population Studies Center researcher Sanjiv Gupta analyzed data to see how changes in their martial status affected time spent cooking, doing the dishes, washing and ironing clothes, cleaning the house, and other routine, repetitive household chores.
An Arizona State University graduate student studying the Tibetan plateau in China is helping nomadic yak herders fight two years of savage winters. Biology student Marc Foggin went to the Qinghai Province of China to learn how best to sustain development and ecology on the grasslands of Tibet, one of the harshest environments in the world.
News stories about food and health bombard us daily. Whether we're watching the evening news at home, flipping through a newspaper or reading magazine headlines while in the grocery store checkout line, we stumble upon the latest food study. But what are consumers actually hearing and reading from media sources? That's what the International Food Information Council (IFIC) Foundation revealed in a new quantitative and qualitative study that analyzed three months of coverage (May-July 1997) in 38 national and regional television, newspaper and magazine outlets.
Mediator and Central Michigan University restorative justice expert Harry Mika can talk about the role of local, community-based justice organizations involved in Northern Ireland's peace process. He can trace the development of emerging community justice programs designed as options to a current form of community policing called "punishment violence." According to Mika: "One of the preconditions of the peace talks and agreement is the ending of punishment violence" in Northern Ireland.
Perpetrators of the Oklahoma City bombing have their roots in rural radicals and anti-government hate groups tracing back to Shay's Rebellion; Waco's Branch Davidians have roots not unlike cult beginnings of Christianity, say two Connecticut College historians who have authored books that detail lessons learned from these two tragedies, which share an anniversary April 19.
NASHVILLE, Tenn. -- A whopping 73 percent of white college and high school students own a home computer, while only 32 percent of African American students have access to a computer at home, according to a survey by two professors at Vanderbilt's Owen Graduate School of Management.
Although President Clinton proudly proclaimed the recent federal welfare reform effort "an end to welfare as we know it," political scientist Gwendolyn Mink writes in her new book "Welfare's End" that the demise of welfare can be traced back almost to its origins.
Tallahassee, FL--Using funds from its settlement with the tobacco industry, today the State of Florida is launching a $25 million annual anti-tobacco advertising campaign. The ìTruthî campaign was developed by FloridaÃs teens and uses one of the most effective strategies known to affect teen behavior: rebellion.
"The Clash: U.S.-Japanese Relations Throughout History," by Cornell University historian Walter LaFeber, has been awarded the Bancroft Prize in American History for 1998. The Clash, according to Akira Iriye, a Harvard University historian, "will easily become the best history of U.S.-Japanese relations in any language."
Social phobias -- the presence of extreme fear and/or avoidance of social situations -- is common in adults and children and is extremely debilitating, according to a newly released book, Shy Children, Phobic Adults: Nature and Treatment of Social Phobia, published by the American Psychological Association (APA).
The controversial topic of body image is explored in an intriguing and, frequently, disturbing new video by sociologist Dane Archer. Archer tackles such topics as eating disorders, body piercing and tattooing, cosmetic surgery, modeling and beauty pageants, aging, and cultural differences.
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