Curated News: JAMA

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8-Apr-2022 6:05 PM EDT
Adolescent drug overdose deaths rose exponentially for the first time in history during the COVID pandemic
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences

The rate of overdose deaths among U.S. teenagers nearly doubled in 2020, the first year of the COVID pandemic, and rose another 20% in the first half of 2021 compared with the 10 years before the pandemic, even as drug use remained generally stable during the same period.

Released: 12-Apr-2022 10:05 AM EDT
‘Live’ Polio Vaccine Fires Up Immune System Providing Protection From Sars-Cov-2 Infection
Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine

University of Maryland School of Medicine’s Institute of Human Virology contributes to Global Virus Network studies suggesting that the oral polio vaccine can protect people in developing nations that do not yet have access to COVID vaccines

Newswise: COVID-19 vaccine not associated with birth defects detectable on ultrasound
Released: 4-Apr-2022 2:15 PM EDT
COVID-19 vaccine not associated with birth defects detectable on ultrasound
Northwestern University

Scientists analyzed ultrasounds for a wide range of birth defects from life-long and severe to short-term and mild

Released: 4-Apr-2022 1:05 PM EDT
Researchers Find Patterns of Handgun Carrying Among Youth in Rural Areas, Building Foundation for Injury Prevention
University of Washington

The first results of research led by the University of Washington into handgun carrying by young people growing up in rural areas has found six distinct patterns for when and how often these individuals carry a handgun.

Newswise: Yale Cancer Center Study Reports Racial Disparities for Gastrointestinal Surgery
Released: 4-Apr-2022 1:05 PM EDT
Yale Cancer Center Study Reports Racial Disparities for Gastrointestinal Surgery
Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital

African-American adult patients are more likely than white patients to receive substandard gastrointestinal cancer surgery, according a large study led by researchers at Yale Cancer Center. The findings are reported today in the journal JAMA Network Open.

31-Mar-2022 2:05 PM EDT
Hospitals Rapidly Translated Evidence into Practice during the Pandemic
Thomas Jefferson University

The largest survey to date shows that rapid information sharing, multi-disciplinary teams and novel communication methods enabled remarkable consistency of care across U.S. hospitals.

Released: 1-Apr-2022 4:05 PM EDT
Omicron ‘less severe’ than Delta for children ages 4 and younger, study suggests
Case Western Reserve University

New research from the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) School of Medicine suggests that the children younger than age 5 who are infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant have less risk of severe health outcomes than those infected with the Delta variant.

Released: 1-Apr-2022 12:05 PM EDT
Half of older adults now die with a dementia diagnosis, up sharply
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Nearly half of all older adults now die with a diagnosis of dementia listed on their medical record, up 36% from two decades ago, a new study shows. But that sharp rise may have more to do with better public awareness, more detailed medical records and Medicare billing practices than an actual rise in the condition, the researchers say.

30-Mar-2022 1:45 PM EDT
Majority of adolescents with severe substance use disorder don't grow out of it
University of Michigan

While it's estimated that 1 in 3 Americans will develop a substance use disorder in their lifetime, experts know little about the long-term outcomes for people with substance use disorder symptoms from adolescence through adulthood.

Released: 31-Mar-2022 2:35 PM EDT
Researchers Develop Scoring Tool to Measure Severity of Delirium
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Scientists have developed a novel measure of delirium severity that could help improve patient-centered care for delirium.

Newswise:Video Embedded living-donation-opens-new-doors-for-colorectal-cancer-patients-in-need-of-liver-transplants
VIDEO
28-Mar-2022 4:00 PM EDT
Living Donation Opens New Doors for Colorectal Cancer Patients in Need of Liver Transplants
University Health Network (UHN)

A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association Surgery is the first in North America to demonstrate that living-donor liver transplant is a viable option for patients who have systemically controlled colorectal cancer and liver tumors that cannot be surgically removed.

Newswise: Study Finds 10-Second Videos Predict Blood Cancer Relapse
Released: 29-Mar-2022 9:45 AM EDT
Study Finds 10-Second Videos Predict Blood Cancer Relapse
Vanderbilt University Medical Center

In a new study from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10-second videos of white blood cell motion in the skin’s microvasculature greatly improved the prediction of which stem cell and bone marrow transplant patients would have a relapse of their blood cancer.

Newswise: Half of all women experience false positive mammograms after 10 years of annual screening
25-Mar-2022 11:00 AM EDT
Half of all women experience false positive mammograms after 10 years of annual screening
UC Davis Health (Defunct)

Half of all women experience a false positive mammogram after 10 years of annual breast cancer screening with 3D mammography, a UC Davis-led study estimates. This risk was lower for women who had mammograms every other year. 3D screening showed slightly lower false positive results than standard mammography.

Released: 24-Mar-2022 12:45 PM EDT
No increase in pregnancy complications after COVID-19 vaccination
Karolinska Institute

Vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy is not associated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications, according to a large-scale registry study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health published in the journal JAMA.

Released: 24-Mar-2022 11:40 AM EDT
Aspirin May Reduce Death In Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
George Washington University

Researchers at the George Washington University published findings from the world’s largest cohort study showing that hospitalized patients with moderate COVID-19 who were given aspirin early on in their treatment had a lower risk of dying compared to patients who were not given aspirin.

22-Mar-2022 6:05 PM EDT
Only 1 in 4 People Needing Treatment Received Medication for Opioid Use Disorder in Past Year
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

Despite strong evidence that medication is the most effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), adolescents and most adults who might benefit from OUD treatment report no medication use, according to a study by researchers at the Rutgers School of Public Health and Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health.

Released: 22-Mar-2022 9:30 AM EDT
Experts outline five steps for clinicians to assess their electronic health records
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Researchers with UTHealth Houston outline five steps for clinicians to assess their electronic health records (EHR) using the SAFER guidelines. The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association JAMA.

Released: 21-Mar-2022 11:40 AM EDT
New Study Identifies Small Yet Essential Workforce Providing Abortions in the U.S.
George Washington University

Efforts to determine the actual size and makeup of the abortion provider workforce in the U.S. often rely on surveys that are limited in scope or else focus solely on abortion facilities. To get more comprehensive pictures of the abortion provider workforce, researchers at the George Washington University combed through a national medical claims data set to examine the workforce providing abortion care and management of pregnancy loss.

Newswise: In U.S., alcohol use disorder linked to 232 million missed workdays annually
16-Mar-2022 1:30 PM EDT
In U.S., alcohol use disorder linked to 232 million missed workdays annually
Washington University in St. Louis

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that people with severe alcohol use disorder miss more than double the number of workdays missed by individuals without alcohol use disorder. The total number of missed workdays due to alcohol use disorder was 232 million.

15-Mar-2022 1:00 PM EDT
No-Click System Doubles Hepatitis C Screening Orders, Study Finds
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Hepatitis screening rates climbed to 80 percent for patients whose doctors didn’t need to opt in to order a screening

Released: 15-Mar-2022 7:05 PM EDT
Increased support needed for a coordinated global HIV and COVID-19 response
HIV Vaccine Trials Network

In a JAMA perspective piece, leading infectious disease researchers call for a coordinated response to HIV and COVID-19 globally, building on the successes of key donor programs such as the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program and Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (GFATM).

Newswise: Metastatic prostate cancer on the rise since decrease in cancer screenings
Released: 14-Mar-2022 11:15 AM EDT
Metastatic prostate cancer on the rise since decrease in cancer screenings
Keck Medicine of USC

Keck Medicine of USC study shows that the incidence rate of metastatic prostate cancer rose as much as 43% in men 75 and older and 41% in men 45-74 after routine prostate cancer screenings were no longer recommended

10-Mar-2022 3:05 PM EST
People Who Die by Suicide With a Firearm Are Less Likely to Have Sought Treatment
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

People who kill themselves with a firearm are more likely to talk about suicide a month before ending their lives than ask for help and seek mental health treatment, according to a study by the New Jersey Gun Violence Center at Rutgers University.

Released: 10-Mar-2022 12:15 PM EST
Moffitt Study Finds Cancer Patients Do Benefit From COVID-19 Vaccination
Moffitt Cancer Center

The study, led by Moffitt Cancer Center, followed 515 patients with varying cancers. The goal was to evaluate if patients had an immune response to the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine and if that response differed by diagnosis and treatment.

Released: 10-Mar-2022 6:05 AM EST
New Mesothelioma Drugs, Once Hailed as Gamechangers, Don’t Live Up to the Hype
Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO)

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer mostly related to asbestos exposure whose incidence is constantly rising, especially in low-income countries.

Released: 9-Mar-2022 8:05 AM EST
Even at best hospitals, low-income older cancer patients struggle after surgery
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

They’re old enough to qualify for Medicare, and their incomes are low enough to qualify them for Medicaid. And when they have surgery to remove a cancerous tumor, a new study finds, they suffer more complications and incur higher costs than patients with Medicare alone, even at top hospitals.

Newswise: Self-Administered Screening Can Provide Benefits
for Patients and Providers
4-Mar-2022 3:05 PM EST
Self-Administered Screening Can Provide Benefits for Patients and Providers
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist

Have you ever felt uncomfortable when asked about depression or any other sensitive personal issue when checking in for a medical visit?

Released: 7-Mar-2022 3:20 PM EST
Financial Strain Linked to Increased Risk of Death in Older Adults Recovering from Heart Attack, UM School of Medicine Study Finds
University of Maryland School of Medicine

Older adults who report being under severe financial strain were substantially more likely to die within six months of having a heart attack compared to those with moderate or no financial strain, according to a new study led by University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) researchers.

2-Mar-2022 1:35 PM EST
Combination treatment is effective for treating smokers who drink heavily
University of Chicago Medical Center

A study on smokers who drink heavily finds that a combination treatment of the drug varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy is more effective for smoking cessation, and that efforts to quit smoking can indirectly lead to reduced drinking rates.

3-Mar-2022 12:05 PM EST
Could a Community-Based Approach to Genetic Testing Help African Americans Reduce Risks of Chronic Kidney Disease?
Mount Sinai Health System

In 2010, scientists discovered that African Americans who are born with certain variants of a gene called apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) have a higher-than-average risk for experiencing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Now, in a new study of African Americans with hypertension, researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai find that a community-based approach to reporting APOL1 genetic test results back to individuals may have beneficial effects.

Released: 2-Mar-2022 9:05 PM EST
Mindfulness therapy reduces opioid misuse and chronic pain in primary care, according to new research
University of Utah

Results from a new clinical trial demonstrate that an eight-week mindfulness-based therapy—Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE)—decreased opioid use and misuse while reducing chronic pain symptoms, with effects lasting as long as nine months.

Newswise: Black overdose death rate exceeds white rate in U.S. for first time in 20 years
Released: 2-Mar-2022 3:45 PM EST
Black overdose death rate exceeds white rate in U.S. for first time in 20 years
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences

In 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of drug overdose deaths among Black Americans surpassed that of whites for the first time since 1999 — a sharp reversal of the situation a decade earlier, when rates were twice as high for whites as for Blacks.

Released: 1-Mar-2022 3:45 PM EST
Investigating The Effects of Critical Illness in Early Childhood On Neurocognitive Outcomes
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing

Approximately 23,700 children in the U.S. undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure annually. Although most survive, little is known if they have worse long-term neurocognitive function than children who do not undergo such procedures. There are concerns about neurotoxic effects of critical illness and its treatment on the developing brain. Therefore, infants and young children may be uniquely susceptible to adverse neurocognitive outcomes after invasive mechanical ventilation.

Newswise: Patient Safety Program Reduces Unnecessary Antibiotic Use in Long-Term Care Facilities
Released: 28-Feb-2022 12:05 PM EST
Patient Safety Program Reduces Unnecessary Antibiotic Use in Long-Term Care Facilities
Johns Hopkins Medicine

In early 2021, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine and NORC at the University of Chicago showed that the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Safety Program for Improving Antibiotic Use successfully helped more than 400 U.S. hospitals ensure that patients only received antibiotics when needed, and then, only in the correct amounts and for the prescribed dosage period.

Newswise: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center researcher urges caution on AI in mammography
Released: 25-Feb-2022 2:15 PM EST
Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center researcher urges caution on AI in mammography
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences

Analyzing breast-cancer tumors with artificial intelligence has the potential to improve healthcare efficiency and outcomes, but doctors should proceed cautiously, according to a new editorial in JAMA Health Forum co-written by Dr. Joann G. Elmore, a researcher at the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Newswise: New Artificial Intelligence Tool Detects Often Overlooked Heart Diseases
Released: 23-Feb-2022 8:05 PM EST
New Artificial Intelligence Tool Detects Often Overlooked Heart Diseases
Cedars-Sinai

Physician-scientists in the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai have created an artificial intelligence (AI) tool that can effectively identify and distinguish between two life-threatening heart conditions that are often easy to miss: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cardiac amyloidosis. The new findings were published in JAMA Cardiology.

   
Released: 23-Feb-2022 5:05 PM EST
Child Abuse Actually Decreased During COVID. Here’s Why
Tufts University

A review of available data suggests that there was not a significant rise in child abuse related to COVID-19. Robert Sege of Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical explains the "missing epidemic of child abuse" in a recent JAMA Pediatrics viewpoint.

Released: 23-Feb-2022 12:45 PM EST
Extreme heat linked to increase in mental health emergency care
Boston University School of Medicine

During periods of extreme heat, clinicians should expect to see an increase in patients requiring mental health services, according to a new study led by Boston University School of Public Health researchers.

Newswise: Patients with rare skin cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma, face 40% recurrence rate
21-Feb-2022 3:35 PM EST
Patients with rare skin cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma, face 40% recurrence rate
University of Washington School of Medicine

Patients treated for Merkel cell carcinoma face a five-year recurrence rate of 40%—markedly higher than recurrence rates for other skin cancers, according to new research in JAMA Dermatology. As well, 95% of recurrences happened in the first 3 years, suggesting surveillance should be focused in that span.

Released: 23-Feb-2022 9:00 AM EST
More adults are falling every year, despite prevention efforts
University of Michigan

Falls are a leading cause of hospitalization and institutionalization for older adults in the U.S. and fall prevention efforts are an important part of geriatric education and health.

Newswise: 10-Year Study Results Find Patient Outcomes Similar for Two CABG Procedures
Released: 17-Feb-2022 1:25 PM EST
10-Year Study Results Find Patient Outcomes Similar for Two CABG Procedures
Stony Brook University

A new study that monitors patients who received “on-pump” or “off-pump” coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) over a 10-year period reveals that outcomes between the two forms of heart bypass surgery are not much different. The findings are published in JAMA Surgery.

Newswise: MRI may lower breast cancer deaths from variants in 3 genes
15-Feb-2022 1:05 PM EST
MRI may lower breast cancer deaths from variants in 3 genes
University of Washington School of Medicine

Annual MRI screenings starting at ages 30 to 35 may reduce breast-cancer mortality by more than 50% among women who carry certain genetic changes in three genes (ATM, CHEK2, PALB2), according to a newly published comparative modeling analysis. The findings will be published Feb. 17 in JAMA Oncology.

Released: 16-Feb-2022 2:05 PM EST
Too soon to lift mask mandates for most elementary schools in U.S., study finds
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

Before lifting mask mandates in elementary schools in the U.S., local COVID-19 case rates should be far below current rates to avoid the risk of increased transmission among students, staff, and families, according to a study led by researchers at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).

14-Feb-2022 1:55 PM EST
Where Children Live Linked to Delayed Access to Surgical Care
Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

A new study from Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago found that children from less resourced neighborhoods were at increased odds of presenting with complicated appendicitis, an indicator of delayed access to surgical care. This is the first pediatric study to link many neighborhood-level factors that influence health – such as quality of schools, housing, safety, and economic opportunity – to timely surgical care access.

Newswise: University of Miami Miller School Investigators Compare Recovery from Open Versus Robotic Bladder Removal Surgery
15-Feb-2022 10:30 AM EST
University of Miami Miller School Investigators Compare Recovery from Open Versus Robotic Bladder Removal Surgery
University of Miami Health System, Miller School of Medicine

Patients undergoing bladder removal surgery, known as cystectomy, need from three to six months to recover regardless of whether they have robot-assisted radical cystectomy or the traditional open approach, according to a multicenter study led by Miller School investigators and published in JAMA Network Open.

Newswise: Pandemic Upends Breast Cancer Diagnoses
Released: 15-Feb-2022 1:00 PM EST
Pandemic Upends Breast Cancer Diagnoses
UC San Diego Health

UC San Diego Health researchers surveyed and compared early- and late-stage breast and colorectal cancer diagnoses in patients in pre-pandemic 2019 and in 2020, the first full year of the COVID-19 pandemic, discovering fewer of the former and more of the latter as patients delayed care.

Newswise: Multi-Country African Research Reports High Rates of COVID-19-Related Deaths Among Hospitalized Children and Adolescents
Released: 15-Feb-2022 11:55 AM EST
Multi-Country African Research Reports High Rates of COVID-19-Related Deaths Among Hospitalized Children and Adolescents
University of Maryland School of Medicine

African children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19 experience much higher mortality rates than Europeans or North Americans, according to a study conducted by the Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Institute of Human Virology Nigeria.

Newswise: Rare Insight: A New Approach Optimizes Hepatoblastoma Cancer Treatment
Released: 14-Feb-2022 5:05 PM EST
Rare Insight: A New Approach Optimizes Hepatoblastoma Cancer Treatment
Children's Hospital Los Angeles

A new study at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles independently verified the value of a system that assesses hepatoblastoma risk in children. Hepatoblastoma is a rare childhood liver cancer, usually seen within the first three years of a child’s life with 50 to 70 cases occurring in the U.S. each year.



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