Feature Channels: Gender Issues

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Intimate partner violence is pervasive in humanitarian settings and its impacts are far-reaching, finds a new study from the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis.“We demonstrated that intimate partner violence was significantly associated with a range of adverse health and non-health impacts for individuals and family members,” said Lindsay Stark, a professor at the Brown School.

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People from marginalized gender and sexual identities can have safer experiences participating in ecological field research when leaders incorporate better field safety protocols and advocate for systemic changes, according to a new paper authored by scientists from Earlham College, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), and other institutions.

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An analysis of 271 statutes from all 50 U.S. states, found that every state legislates hate crimes differently, resulting in differential justice in these cases. Race, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, and disability were among the most recognized classes and populations in hate crime legislation. However, coverage differed greatly within these classifications due to how states conceptualize them. Among the study’s key findings: four states did not have any hate crime statutes (Indiana, Mississippi, New Hampshire and South Carolina) and although voting and political expression are paramount in a democracy, only Iowa and West Virginia had statutes that recognized hate crimes motivated by political affiliation. California offered the most encompassing law, as it clearly delineates protected classes and locations, while conceptualizing both.

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Something as simple as seeing all-gender signs in public places, like restrooms, was linked to adolescents’ acceptance of transgender and nonbinary people, a new study has found.

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Publicly available salary information prompts organizations to reduce the gender pay gap, according to a new study from the University of California San Diego’s School of Global Policy and Strategy.

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Using a new method based upon comparing DNA mutation rates between parents and offspring, evolutionary biologists at Indiana University have for the first time revealed the average age of mothers versus fathers over the past 250,000 years, including the discovery that the age gap is shrinking, with women's average age at conception increasing from 23.2 years to 26.4 years, on average, in the past 5,000 years.

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A first-of-its-kind study of parents’ work arrangements during the pandemic shows that mothers working from home increased their supervisory parenting fully two hours more than fathers did, and women were also more likely to adapt their work schedules to new parenting demands.

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In dual-earner couples, working from home may be a better deal for husbands than wives in some ways, according to two related studies of workers in China and South Korea.

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Females, on average, are better than males at putting themselves in others’ shoes and imagining what the other person is thinking or feeling, suggests a new study of over 300,000 people in 57 countries.

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Health care is growing less affordable for U.S. adults—particularly women—with employer-sponsored health insurance, according to an analysis by researchers at the NYU School of Global Public Health published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

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Philosophers seeking to answer questions around inequality in household labour and the invisibility of women’s work in the home have proposed a new theory – that men and women are trained by society to see different possibilities for action in the same domestic environment.

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Men are less likely to seek careers in early education and some other fields traditionally associated with women because of male gender bias in those fields, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

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While cluster headache is more common in men than in women, a new study suggests that the disorder may be more severe for women. The study is published in the December 21, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

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For some women who experience serious and chronic physical or mental health conditions, one of their most daunting challenges is obtaining the belief and validation of health care providers, family members and friends, researchers found in a recent study.

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Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people often seek social, medical, and surgical gender-affirming care from a variety of healthcare professionals. Individualized care for optimal gender identity confirmation should be the main goal, rather than strict rules to guide interventions, according to an expert panel’s commentary in the November issue of Harvard Review of Psychiatry (HRP). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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A new study finds additional years of education boost entrepreneurship in high growth industries in the U.S. The overall effect is greater for women compared to men.

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The Equitable Giving Lab, being developed by Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, will provide new insights into equity and gaps in funding for under-resourced populations.

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Fathers who acknowledge binge drinking are less involved with their children, according to new research in several countries that have traditionally been understudied. Globally, men are increasingly involved in children’s development. The latest analysis, in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, explores fathers’ binge drinking in relation to the quality of their parenting, and suggests that preventing or treating heavy alcohol use among fathers may have broad benefits for families. Previous studies around the world have flagged the harms of parents’ problematic alcohol use on family relationships and children’s development. Paternal alcohol use disorder, depression, and marital satisfaction are known to be important for parenting. Heavy drinking, which is related to notions of masculinity, has been linked across cultures to more punitive parenting, child abuse and neglect, and intimate partner violence. Little is known about how heavy alcohol use impacts fathers’ relationships

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Adult children are over four times more likely to be estranged from their fathers than their mothers, a new long-term national study found.

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Keck Medicine of USC launches Gender-Affirming Care Program

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Enacting Medicaid expansion in Texas and increasing the use of preventive and antiviral medications could result in a decline of new HIV infections among young Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Houston, reports a study in the January issue of Medical Care. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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The three-year NSF ADVANCE ADAPTATION grant will help transform faculty diversity and ensure appropriate representation of women in STEM. This grant continues the work of the late Emmanuelle Tognoli, Ph.D., who served as a research professor in FAU’s Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences within the Charles E. Schmidt College of Science and a member of the FAU Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute.

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Below are summaries of recent Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center research findings and other news.

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Here are some of the latest articles that have been added to the Behavioral Science channel on Newswise, a free source for journalists.

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The life expectancy of women is significantly higher than that of men.

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A roundup of the latest research discoveries and faculty news at Cedars-Sinai.

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Newly published study shows that managers are likely to express bias, particularly in implicit forms.

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Women are less likely to ask questions during question-and-answer sessions at academic conferences. Research in Psychological Science suggests that this may be due to anxiety about how colleagues will receive their comments.

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A family history of cancer and genetic variants that might be inherited appear to be important risk factors for Black men diagnosed with early-onset prostate cancer, a study involving Duke Health researchers has found.

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The Urology for Social Responsibility seminar will be offered in the T. Denny Sanford Center Medical Education and Telemedicine on the UC San Diego campus from January 14 to 15, 2023.

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La regeneración del músculo esquelético y los síntomas de la incontinencia urinaria por esfuerzo en una investigación preclínica indican una mejora tras el uso de una sustancia acelular descubierta en Mayo Clinic. Los equipos del Dr. en Ciencias Atta Behfar y del Dr. Emanuel Trabuco encabezaron esta investigación en una colaboración entre los Departamentos de Medicina Cardiovascular y de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Mayo Clinic. El artículo se ha publicado en NPJ Regenerative Medicine.

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临床前研究中的再生骨骼肌和压力性尿失禁的症状表明，在使用妙佑医疗国际(Mayo Clinic) 发现的无细胞物质后，症状有所改善。Atta Behfar医学博士/博士和Emanuel Trabuco医学博士的团队在妙佑医疗国际心血管医学部和妇产科之间开展合作，领导了这项研究。这篇论文发表在NPJ Regenerative Medicine上。

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Músculo esquelético regenerado e sintomas de incontinência urinária por esforço em pesquisa pré-clínica sugerem melhora após o uso de uma substância livre de células descoberta na Mayo Clinic. As esquipes do Dr. Atta Behfar, Ph.D. e do Dr. Emanuel Trabuco lideram a pesquisa em uma colaboração entre os Departamentos de Medicina Cardiovascular e de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia da Mayo Clinic. O artigo foi publicado na revista NPJ Regenerative Medicine.

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The Rutgers School of Public Health’s Center for Health, Identity, Behavior and Prevention Studies (CHIBPS) premiered the short film “Queer Health: Advancing LGBTQ+ Health Equity.”

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Irvine, Calif., Nov. 28, 2022 — Despite advances in gender equality, women still earn less than men in all advanced, industrialized societies. Who – or what – is to blame? A new 15-country study led by Andrew Penner at the University of California, Irvine, divides fault evenly between inequitable within-job salary structures and the decisions that route men and women into differently compensated roles.

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Analysis showed that in 2019 more than 1.3 million women received cervical cancer screening-associated services, such as a Pap test, colposcopy and other cervical procedures, after age 65. While these services cost more than $83 million, the researchers concluded they were of “unclear clinical appropriateness.”

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Transgender and gender-nonconforming youth are four times more likely to have a sleep disorder compared to cisgender youth, a Michigan Medicine-led study finds. Researchers also found that those who pursued gender-affirming therapy were half as likely to have any sleep disorder than transgender individuals who did not pursue the therapy, suggesting a possible protective effect.

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A study published this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC) found that seven major cardiovascular societies were more likely to distribute awards to men and white individuals when compared to women and those who identify as Asian, Hispanic/Latino, and Black.