Worldwide, the occurrence of large-scale sewer blockages caused by the massive buildup of discarded fats, oils and greases (FOGs) is on the rise. The problem is getting more severe as solid waste products such as paper towels, sanitary products and wipes are flushed down toilets. The combination of FOGs with the waste paper products can be dangerous and environmentally caustic.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center demonstrated for the first time that a strong association between obesity and chronic diarrhea is not driven by diet or physical activity. The findings could have important implications for how physicians might approach and treat symptoms of diarrhea in patients with obesity differently.
The Comet supercomputer at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) and the Stampede2 supercomputer at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) were used to perform simulations that showed how floating turbine wakes are very similar those of fixed-bottom turbines, except that floating turbine wakes are deflected upward and have slightly stronger turbulence at the edge of their wakes.
In early test tube and mouse studies, investigators at Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have found that nonmuscle myosin IIC (MYH14), a protein activated in response to mechanical stress, helps promote metastatic behavior in pancreatic cancer cells, and that the compound 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), known to stiffen myosin IIC-containing cells, can send it into overdrive, overwhelming the ability of cells to invade nearby tissue.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego figured out a way to combine FDA-approved ultrasound with engineered glass particles to boost the effectiveness of immunotherapy in glioblastomas.
New study suggests the gut microbiome has a role in mechanisms related to muscle strength in older adults. Researchers found differences in bacterial profiles of older adults with high and low physical function, bacterial and strength differences in mice colonized with fecal samples from the adults.
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology and the University of Tokyo are looking at hypar origami with an eye toward leveraging its structural properties, hoping to find ways to harness its bistability to build multifunctional devices or metamaterials.
Researchers from the Tulane University School of Medicine have discovered that some cancer cells survive chemotherapy by eating their neighboring tumor cells. The study, which will be published September 17 in the Journal of Cell Biology, suggests that this act of cannibalism provides these cancer cells with the energy they need to stay alive and initiate tumor relapse after the course of treatment is completed.
A randomized clinical trial led at Children's Hospital Los Angeles by Leo Mascarenhas, MD, MS, showed first positive results in rhabdomyosarcoma since 1974.
An inherited genetic tendency appears to increase the likelihood that a person can successfully fight off antibiotic-resistant staph infections, according to a study led by Duke Health researchers.
Scientists with the Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research have received a four-year, $859,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to assess how cottonwood trees have evolved to tolerate environmental stresses, including changing temperature and insect herbivory.
Cancer in the ovaries often metastasizes to the surrounding tissues, but is too small to be detected. Now a label-free microscopy technique is able to identify these regions with great accuracy, enabling early removal of these microscopic malignancies.
In experiments in mice, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they have developed a way to successfully transplant certain protective brain cells without the need for lifelong anti-rejection drugs.
U.S. physicians are increasingly ordering medications for children for conditions that are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration, according to a Rutgers study.
An international research team is perfecting a method to predict the potential clinical implications of new drugs before clinical trials even start.
Building upon the initial five-year plan, LungMAP 2 includes research on normal lung development in early adulthood and abnormal development in selected rare lung diseases.
UPMC Children's Hospital researchers find that the presence of adult social support is linked to less violence among at-risk teen boys.
Wistar has received a grant of approximately $4.6 million from the National Institutes of Health in support of innovative research to tackle antibiotic resistance.
Tuberculosis and HIV – two of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases – are far worse when they occur together. Now, Texas Biomedical Research Institute researchers have pinpointed an important mechanism at work in this troubling health problem. And, their discovery could lead to a new mode of treatment for people at risk.
Sixteen years ago, a research group at Mayo Medical School published results showing that a protein called TRAIL can kill cells that cause liver fibrosis but no one seemed to follow up on these findings. Now, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have improved on this protein and shown that it selectively kills cells that cause the hardening of skin associated with scleroderma, effectively reversing the condition in mice genetically engineered to mimic the disease. A report on these results was published earlier this year in Nature Communications.
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a leukemia which arises from bone marrow tissue, often see remission following their initial treatment, but for patients whose cancer returns, there are few options. One such option is guadecitabine, a novel DNA hypomethylating drug which slows problematic changes to a person’s epigenetic profile, but the drug is ineffective in a select number of relapsed or refractory AML patients and there has not been a way to determine who stands to benefit and who does not. However, researchers from the Coriell Institute for Medical Research have found certain biomarkers which can indicate a patient’s likelihood for success. Their findings were published in Clinical Epigenetics in July.
Scientists at the Lowy Medical Research Institute (LMRI) have discovered one cause of a progressive, debilitating eye disease called macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel). The work, using genetic, clinical and biochemical studies has implications for other retinal eye diseases, as well as peripheral neuropathies.
Using computational tools to investigate gene transcription networks in large collections of brain tissues, a scientific team has identified a gene that acts as a master regulator of schizophrenia during early human brain development.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists have identified a molecule that plays a pivotal role in determining the fate of cells under stress, much like a Roman emperor deciding the fate of gladiators in the coliseum.
Mutated KRAS genes are commonly found in several cancers and not all KRAS mutations in the same organ tissue cause the same disease severity, according to three new studies from researchers at the Cancer Center at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
America has the highest maternal mortality rate in the developed world. Since cardiovascular disease is the primary cause, researchers have created a blood pressure home-monitoring system to rapidly detect concerning trends in postpartum women before their situation becomes critical.
By combing through the entire genetic sequences of a person with a lung scarring disease and 13 of the person’s relatives, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they have found a coding error in a single gene that is likely responsible for a rare form of the disease and the abnormally short protective DNA caps on chromosomes long associated with it.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center discovered that a cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin, allows breast cancer cells to survive as they travel through the body and form new tumors, a process termed metastasis.
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a promising new cathode and electrolyte system that replaces expensive metals and traditional liquid electrolyte with lower cost transition metal fluorides and a solid polymer electrolyte.
Mythbuster: The idea that bacterial collaborations within microbiomes, like in the mouth, have evolved to be generous and exclusive very much appears to be wrong. In an extensive experiment, they were possible between random microbes, and members of the same microbiome were stingy with each other.
Filial piety – the traditional value of caring for one's elders – is central to the Chinese concept of family and has long shaped intergenerational relationships, daily life, and well-being, for older Chinese adults. The intersection of Eastern values and Western norms
Nearly all babies born prematurely receive antibiotics. A new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis suggests that such early antibiotic treatment could have long-lasting and potentially harmful effects on the gut microbiome.
Rutgers researchers develop web-based data collection and management system that addresses linguistic and cultural barriers for researching minority populations.
One out of every five tweets mentioning JUUL indentified for a new analysis also references addiction-related themes.
Elderly immigrants often rely heavily on family members for their daily needs – but in the wrong type of family, this can put them at greater risk of financial, physical or other forms of abuse, a Rutgers-led study finds.
Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers report they have developed and validated a tablet-based app that offers a faster, easier and more accurate way for health care providers who don’t have specialized training to assess the cognitive function of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurologic illness that affects the central nervous system, resulting in a variety of symptoms including motor issues, fatigue, visual disturbance, memory and concentration concerns, and mood changes.
Researchers have found a synergistic connection, or crosstalk, between two rare but potentially deadly blood-clotting diseases — thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. The linkage may provide a rationale for a more targeted therapeutic intervention in patients.
Pancreatic beta cells produce insulin. Their death is a key feature of Type 1 diabetes, and loss starts long before diagnosis. Researchers now have identified an early biomarker of Type 1 diabetes-associated beta-cell loss in humans — microRNA-204, which is easily measured in blood serum.
Chronic conductive hearing loss, which can result from middle-ear infections, has been linked to speech recognition deficits, according to a new study led by scientists at Massachusetts Eye and Ear.
A study of New York City firefighters finds that exposure to 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC) dust is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, and the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) report in JAMA Network Open that those who arrived first at the WTC site have a 44% increased risk of CVD compared to those who arrived later.
Researchers at New York University (NYU) Oral Cancer Center were awarded a $2.5 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to study the role of artemin in oral cancer pain and growth.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a type of therapy that uses the immune system to fight cancer. They have been hailed as game changing, garnering a Nobel Prize last year and quickly becoming the standard of care for many tumor types such as melanoma and certain lung and head and neck cancers.
UCLA has been awarded a grant from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Economic Development Administration to create a regional hub for the development of medical technology and digital health tools.
A protein complex in beta cells that includes the Islet-1 transcription factor regulates genes important to develop and maintain functional beta cells. Now researchers report the complex also associates with enzymes RNF20 and RNF40, and disruption of either enzyme reduces insulin release.
The NSF has awarded the San Diego Supercomputer Center at UC San Diego and its partners a three-year, $5.9 million grant to host the EarthCube Office as part of the ongoing NSF-funded EarthCube program aimed at transforming geoscience research.
Oral health is an essential part of psychological well-being and overall health in older adults. Poor oral health is associated with decreased quality of life, depression, hypertension, and cognitive decline.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists have taken whole genome sequencing to the next level by creating a 3D map of the genome to better understand development and disease
A three-year grant will help a computer science researcher identify and mitigate the influence of outsiders on elections
Research in mice has confirmed that the presence of XX sex chromosomes increases the amount of fat circulating in the blood and by extension increased risk of heart disease for women.
If you’re in the market for an internet-connected garage door opener, doorbell, thermostat, security camera, yard irrigation system, slow cooker – or even a box of connected light bulbs – a new website can help you understand the security issues these shiny new devices might bring into your home.
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