Women who receive epidurals to ease labor pains may be increasing discomfort for their newborns, according to a study published in this months Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Over a seven-year period, there was a 44 percent increase in recurrent ear infections among preschool children, according to a study published on the electronic version of Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
In a speech on the function and purpose of the Federal Reserve System, a Simon School professor and noted economist argues that inflation is the one variable which the Fed truly can control; he sees zero inflation as a realistic goal.
Background information relating to the accuracy and reliability of global climate monitoring by microwave sounding units aboard NOAA satellites has been posted on the UAH web site. The address is: http://www.atmos.uah.edu./essl/msu/background.html
Professionals involved in the research, design, operation and regulation of America's 114 waste-to-energy plants and more than 400 facilities around the world, will meet at the Fifth Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference (NAWTEC V) this April 22-25, at the Sheraton Imperial Hotel and Convention Center in Research Triangle Park, N.C.
With a proactive stance on compulsive gambling, the gaming industry is doing what's right for customers and may be winning friends and influencing enemies. One of its efforts is a guide compiled by a Purdue University professor to help the industry deal with those addicted to gambling.
Vaccines can improve a hog producer's bottom line, according to research conducted by a team of eight Purdue University animal scientists and veterinarians.
It's a technophobe's worst nightmare - a machine that actually makes a computer MORE difficult to operate. But that's what students from seven universities are building for the ninth annual National Rube Goldberg Machine Contest April 5.
Northwestern University Medical School researchers have launched a study to determine the effectiveness of melatonin to relieve insomnia in the initial weeks of ProzacÆ therapy. They believe the hormone melatonin may not only improve sleep but also diminish depression that has been exacerbated by sleep deprivation.
Spring traditionally is the season when schools give students -- particularly elementary school students -- the opportunity to develop science fair projects that showcase their knowledge and ingenuity. Finding ideas, however, can test parental mettle and student inventiveness.
Two geologists, from Northwestern University and the University of Illinois at Chicago, have demonstrated that an adjustment to one of those models --- involving reducing the assumed thickness of the tectonic plate --- allows the model to fit the data much more precisely.
Los Alamos National Laboratory researchers have successfully defeated every tamper-indicating seal thrown at them, and are working with manufacturers to improve such seals.
New technology has enabled physiologists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine to visualize the organization of intracellular calcium stored in the reticulum of cells. They also have located sodium pumps with a high affinity for the hormone ouabain next to the reticulum, where they play a vital role in controlling the storage and release of calcium. Findings could lead to new and better therapies for hypertension, heart failure, stroke.
Using ultrafast pulses of laser light, University of Michigan physicists have found a way to control the random oscillations of atoms in a crystal lattice. Their study describes the first experimental modification of one of the most fundamental quantum states of solid matter.
Press release of issue dated March 15 for New Scientist, the international science and technology weekly news magazine
Most residents of states surrounding the red wolf re-establishment zones in eastern North Carolina and the Great Smoky Mountains National Park endorse wolf-recovery efforts and may spend as much as $170 million a year to visit the endangered animals, a Cornell University study has shown.
More college students are grabbing midday "power naps" to restore their mind and body function. But students still aren't getting enough sleep, and neither are most Americans, says Cornell University psychologist and sleep-researcher James B. Maas. He offers tips to overcome sleep deprivation.
AIDS patients facing blindness from a virus infection may respond to the drug cidofovir, according to results of a multicenter study led by a Johns Hopkins researcher.
There may be more life beneath earth's surface than on its surface. There is little doubt that a "deep biosphere" exists, scientists say; at issue are its nature and extent. The recent, rapid growth of interest in the existence of microbial life in the seafloor and continental subsurface has created a need for information synthesis to guide development of research strategies and programs.
Washington, D.C., March 5, 1997 -- The most comprehensive survey of current state tobacco control laws ever compiled shows that in 1996, states all across the nation moved aggressively to reduce tobacco use, particularly among children. This action came in the form of new laws, regulations and ballot initiatives. States raised their tobacco excise taxes, increased penalties for illegal sales of tobacco products to minors and sought to make tobacco companies more accountable for their actions.
One incentive which drives firms to engage in the complex practice of hedging their investments is the potential to reap tax benefits. A new paper co-authored by a Simon School professor explores and analyzes this aspect of hedging, using a powerful new model of the corporate tax code.
Human brains may be wired with a sort of universal language program, enabling infants to pick up quickly the complex and subtle patterns of their drastically different native tongues.
U-M graduate students create the site at http://www.ipl.org/youth/poisonsafe/
In a new paper, a Simon School operations management professor details his unorthodox use of economic principles in teaching operations strategy to his M.B.A. students.
Discretionary accruals may offer managers a means to portray a company's true financial condition, but they can also be manipulated opportunistically to boost a manager's personal performance record. A Simon School research team offers new analysis on the issue, and cautions those who would step too quickly into the camp that cries "foul."
HOUSTON, TEXAS--Boosting the octane number of gasoline just got easier, thanks to new software that lets engineers and scientists build a model of the naphtha reforming process in hours, rather than months, University of Delaware researchers reported March 13 during the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) meeting. EMBARGOED: 4:00 p.m., Thursday, March 13, 1997.
Small strokes may produce and intensify the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to an article in this week's AD theme issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
Using drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) can temporarily improve the cognitive ability of patients, but do not slow the progression of the disease, according to Peter J. Whitehouse, M.D., Ph.D., Director, Alzheimer's Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio.
The family physician can play a key role in helping patients and their families deal with Alzheimer's disease, according to the director of one of the busiest Alzheimer's facilities in the nation.
One out of five families with a demented family member is unable to recognize the signs of dementia in a loved one, according to an article in this week's Alzheimer's disease (AD) theme issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Dementia is an acquired decline in all areas of mental ability.
Temperature-gleaning satellites are useful tools in the quest to diagnose global change, but only when their limitations are well understood. This is the message conveyed by scientists from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado, in an article appearing in the journal Nature on March 13. NCAR is managed by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation.
A Johns Hopkins study finds that physicians in some specialties -- chiefly psychiatry and surgery -- are at higher risk for divorce than their medical brethren in other fields. But the results do not support the common view that job-related anxiety and depression are linked to marital breakup.
At rest, overweight African American women burn fewer calories than overweight Caucasian women, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. The findings are among the first to suggest that biological factors may be partly responsible for higher rates of obesity in black women.
A new study on a Mars meteorite supports a low-temperature origin for carbonate globules inside the rock, researchers said today. This new evidence is consistent with theories that microscopic depositions in the rock may be the fossilized remains of bacteria. The research was published today in the journal Science. **EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL 4 P.M EST, THURSDAY, MARCH 13, 1997**
In Cornell University's concrete lab, a shake table was used to test, for the first time, whether interior infilled concrete/masonry walls have an effect on structural integrity during an earthquake.
Charles I. Plosser, dean of the William E. Simon Graduate School of Business Administration at the University of Rochester, is one of five graduate business school deans joining the Board of Directors of the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC)--the global organization of graduate business schools.
An article in Nature (13 March) by two NCAR scientists provides new findings on a controversy involving the reliability of global temperature trends available via satellite, which conflict with surface readings. In the same issue is an overview of how computer models of global climate are used and misused.
Johns Hopkins economist Steve Hanke, one of the world's leading proponents of the currency board form of monetary policy (as opposed to central banking), has been named economic adviser to the recently elected president of economically struggling Bulgaria.
Researchers supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) have presented the first direct evidence that increased ultraviolet light (UVB) damages the DNA of animals in a natural population in Antarctica -- the eggs and larvae of icefish, an Antarctic fish lacking hemoglobin. The ozone hole opens up over Antarctica every southern spring, letting more UVB from the sun penetrate to the earth's surface.
Four tips from Los Alamos: 1- Measuring material strain, 2- Less noise in your video camera, 3- Laser slappers, and 4- Dielectric materials for fine-tuning microwaves.
Neurology News Briefs: 1) Proper Management of Sports-Related Concussion Can Prevent Years of Chronic Headaches, Confusion and Memory Loss 2) Radiosurgery Proven Safe, Effective Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Briefs from March Neurology: 1) Out of the Clear Blue Sky: Rugby Spectator Struck by Lightning 2) Treatment Shows Small Benefit for Some Inclusion-Body Myositis Patients
ATHENS, Ga. -- A botanist at the University of Georgia and a colleague at Purdue University have shown for the first time that filamentous fungi contain crucial "scaffold" proteins called septins. Perhaps even more important, the researchers have found that the gene which directs the production of septins in one fungus (Aspergillus nidulans) is crucial to the survival of the organism. The discovery could point toward a method of treating fungal diseases, which have dramatically increased in the past decade.
Press release of issue dated March 8 for New Scientist, the international science and technology weekly news magazine
DETROIT -- An innovative approach to providing health care to the elderly is being put to the test at Henry Ford Health System. Recognizing that providing health care for the elderly is entirely different from providing care to younger people, health care workers at Henry Ford Health System and University Hospitals Health System in Cleveland are learning ways to treat older patients.
In the February, 1997 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Mount Sinai - Bronx VA nutrition researcher Victor Herbert reported that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-mandated (effective January 1, 1998) addition of folic acid fortification to grains (breads, cereals, pastas) will do more harm than good, unless the FDA also mandates fortification with free vitamin B12. To the contrary, having both vitamins in grains will help millions, says Herbert.
NEW ORLEANS, LA.--With a tip just 25 microns in diameter, a new microelectrode sheds light on the complex natural chemistry of "swamp scum and sea slime"--including the corrosive ocean "biofilms" that damage boats, docks and off-shore platforms, a University of Delaware researcher reported today during the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) meeting.
A growing proportion of U.S children, asolescents, and adults are over weight, according to an article published in today's Morbidity and Mortality weekly Report by HHS' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has named the late Carl Sagan, noted planetary scientist, Pulitzer Prize-winning author and Emmy Award-winning television producer, to receive the agencyÃs Distinguished Public Service Award for lifetime achievement.
An exhaustive supercomputer modeling effort at the NSF-supported National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado, has shown that hydrochloric acid (HCL) is broken down on the surface of ice particles found in stratospheric clouds over earth's poles. Taller than most seabirds, masked boobies live and breed in tropical oceans where they feed by making high-velocity fishing dives into the sea. One of the most elusive pieces of the climate and weather puzzle may soon be supplied by a simple ocean-going package of sensors the size and shape of a frisbee.
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