NSF Tipsheet for 6-20-97: 1- plant-protecting bugs against plant-eaters; 2- do people experience emotions in the same way, or does culture convert feelings; 3- Cloning presents no radically new ethical issues.
A science writers workshop on "Families, Youth, and Children's Well Being," will take place on Monday, June 30, from 8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m., in the National Press Club Washington, D.C. The American Sociological Association (ASA) and the National Institutes of Health's Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) are sponsoring the event.
Filing income taxes biennially would have great advantages for both the government and the taxpayers, according to Professor Jay Soled, who teaches courses in tax practice at Rutgers Graduate School of Management.
Stock markets can save billions of dollars for investors by quoting stock prices in decimals instead of eighths, says Rutgers' David Whitcomb, who recently testified before Congress on stock market reform.
Russia, India, and China are using different approaches in their efforts to replace centrally controlled economies with market-driven economies, says Rutgers Professor Allan Roth.
People with high cholesterol levels can experience dangerous increases in blood pressure in response to stress, according to a study in the June issue of the American Journal of Hypertension.
Poor rural women who don't always have enough food in their homes exhibit binge eating patterns and are only about half as likely as other women to consume daily the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, these women are less likely to consume adequate vitamin C, potassium and fiber, according to a new Cornell University study.
Growth and health indicators in China have improved despite plant-based diet; more animal products not needed, according to an ongoing study of nutrition in China.
Emphasis on quality and efficiency is not enough. Companies must ensure that they are also effective. When viewed together, these considerations are complementary, not competing, says Rutgers Professor Ephraim Sudit in his new book EFFECTIVENESS, QUALITY, AND EFFICIENCY: A MANAGEMENT ORIENTED APPROACH.
This is the season for barbecues, picnics - and food poisoning. E. coli is a microbe normally found in the intestines of cattle. It gets into the food chain through undercooked meat and other contaminated food products. A symposium on the latest research, government food safety regulation and the response of the food and agricultural industry will be held in Baltimore June 22-26.
Rising personal incomes and increased leisure time for Americans are giving college graduates an entree to the executive suite in the hotel and restaurant industry. "Moving up the ladder is quick in this business, especially for young people who are motivated and enthusiastic," says Professor Lee Kreul, head of Purdue University's Department of Restaurant, Hotel, Institutional and Tourism Management.
Purdue University researchers are developing a prototype device that uses a loudspeaker to power a refrigerator, without the use of refrigerants that can harm the environment.
Go ask Alice, and she'd tell you the objects in the mirror are so real she could literally cross over into her looking-glass world and touch them. Now, neuroscientists from the University of California, San Diego have discovered a small group of patients with certain brain lesions who share the same beliefs about mirrors as Alice.
A class of chemicals that's virtually identical to sooty sand found on most beaches may one day provide the basis for a new generation of efficient and environmentally friendly fluorescent lighting for homes, computer laptop displays and television sets.
A study of IHNV -- an Ebola-like virus that affects fish -- may result in the development of a sophisticated model to predict mutations of viruses, a marine scientist at the College of William and Mary suggests.
As the Swedish parliament moves closer to phasing out nuclear power, a new book published by Resources for the Future suggests that Sweden has much to lose--economically, environmentally, and in terms of health and safety--and little to gain from an early retirement of its nuclear power industry.
A study from Johns Hopkins and the National Institute on Aging (NIA) adds more evidence that women who use estrogen appear to have less risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Dartmouth researchers have found a novel way to determine the home stream of adult salmon ó vital information for salmon conservation efforts worldwide. Under natural conditions, salmon migrate from the ocean to their home streams to breed, sometimes navigating more than a thousand miles.The study, which focused on Atlantic salmon in the Connecticut River, is reported in the current issue of the journal Nature.
Researchers at the University of Chicago Hospitals are unlocking the mysteries of human heart disease with transgenic mice and a powerful new cardiovascular ultrasound imaging machine from Hewlett-Packard Company. The result of their efforts using mice could mean improved pharmaceutical treatments, prevention regimens, and possible genetic cures for the millions of humans suffering from heart disease worldwide.
The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy and School of Medicine and the Albuquerque-based Lovelace Research Institutes are teaming up to investigate a new tuberculosis treatment using inhailers to deliver anti-tuberculosis drugs directly to the lungs.
It's often been said that love is blind. Now a scientist is hoping that he has found a way to apply that old saying to a new method of family planning. Joseph Hall, a biochemist at North Carolina State University in Raleigh, is unlocking the secrets of sperm, and closing in on a possible birth control pill for men.
Existing research shows no link between silicone breast implants and neurological disorders, according to a special article published by the American Academy of Neurology's Practice Committee in the June issue of the Academy's scientific journal, Neurology.
Women who use estrogen replacement therapy are less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, according to a study published in the June issue of the American Academy of Neurology's scientific journal, Neurology.
ATS Journal News Tips--June: 1) Lack of Health Insurance Shortens Lives of Cystic Fribrosis Patients 2) New Compound May Effective For Treating Asthma 3) Study Raises Implications For Gene Therapy For Cystic Fribrosis
Researchers are working to close the gap between today's computers and machines, like those on "Star Trek," that can understand, respond to and act upon human speech.
A calculator and a clipboard aren't enough for this college-level summer course. Backpacks slung over the shoulders also contain the necessities -- insect repellant, a canteen of water and perhaps a roll of biodegradable toilet paper. This summer, classroom learning has been converted to outdoor experiences for about 50 forestry majors.
Looking for ways to increase producer profits while conserving environmental resources drives modern agricultural science, say a trio of USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) researchers at the Conservation and Production Laboratory at Bushland.
When a farmer looks at a clump of good Panhandle soil, what's in the dirt isn't readily evident to the eye. The action starts at the molecular level where particulate matter and life forms include the pathogens which cause disease. And, for area sugar beet growers, diseases in that mix can have devastating consequences to yield, and profits.
Starting this year, two agricultural engineers at the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Conservation and Production Agricultural Research Laboratory are gathering data to compare the efficiency of low-energy precision (LEPA) and low-elevation spray (LESA) application devices with the more common overhead spray heads.
Agricultural scientists here are having some major successes in developing wheat that is resistant to greenbugs, the single most damaging insect pest for small grains in the southern Great Plains.
Tanks may be destructive by nature, but with the help of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, the U.S. Department of Defense is trying to make them more environmentally benign. A water-quality monitoring project at Fort Hood, Texas is helping determine how soil erosion may be impacted by military training exercises. The information will be used to reduce environmental impacts.
Researchers already know ryegrass can save water and provide good forage for South Texas ranchers, but using it to best advantage with cattle can be a tricky business. Researchers have found that cattle with some fiber in their diet before they are turned onto the grass have good weight gains and fewer digestive problems, but the facts on exactly how and when to balance cattle diets are still somewhat elusive.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that limiting calorie intake later in life can stall some of the muscle deterioration that normally accompanies aging. Reported in the June FASEB Journal, the research involved age-related fiber loss and enzyme and gene abnormalities in rat muscle.
Sertoli Technologies Inc., a cellular therapy company, has successfully completed its initial stage in developing a transplant therapy using pancreatic islets and Sertoli cells for Type I, or insulin-dependent diabetes.
Shock can kill. A heart attack, stroke, infection or injury can cause the profound disturbance of normal cellular functioning that can lead to cell death and even death of the entire organism. University of Maryland School of Medicine researchers have found a potentially powerful new weapon for medicine's war on shock.
A new gene marker was found twice as often among heart attack patients than healthy people in a new study appearing in today's American Heart Association journal Circulation. The study confirms that there is a "gene link" for heart attack, says Diederick E. Grobbee, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues from the Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences, the Netherlands.
A new study on growth patterns in children and teenagers confirms striking fluctuations in blood cholesterol levels, suggesting that normal cutpoints for testing may need to be re-examined, says Darwin Labarthe, M.D., Ph.D., the report's lead author.
1) Oral Vitamin K1 Corrects Excessive Anticoagulation; 2) Homelessness: Care, Prevention, and Public Policy; 3) Medical Research and Health News Reporting; 4) Diagnosing Syncope
Affirmative action does not lead to the hiring of minorities or women with substantially lower qualifications or who exhibit weaker job performances, according to a recent Michigan State Univerity study.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) awards Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grants to stimulate technological innovation that meets federal research and development needs. NSFÃs SBIR budget for 1997 is $50 million. The program makes it financially possible for small firms to undertake high risk, cutting-edge research with strong potential for commercial results. The following are a few of the many SBIR success stories.
Technology being developed at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory to save lives on the battlefield and in hospitals closer to home could one day be used in baby cribs to help prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
Embargoed for 5 p.m. EDT, June 14 -- In the Annals of Internal Medicine multicenter AIDS cohort study researchers report that a concise decision tree using two tests in combination -- viral load measurements and CD4 T cell counts -- determine progression to AIDS and death from AIDS in HIV-infected individuals.
A combination of measuring plasma viral load (the amount of genetic material in circulating virus) and CD4+ lymphocytes in people who are HIV-infected gives the most accurate prediction of the time when those people will develop AIDS. This information forms a critical part of the decision about when to begin antiretroviral therapy.
Researchers at Northwestern University have constructed a tiny nanoscale phototonic resonator that is a hundred times smaller than the cross-section of a human hair--so small that it can only be seen with an electron microscope. When combined with an equally tiny semiconductor laser, these components can form nanoscale photonic integrated circuits that are a thousant times smaller than those currently in use, and which should be cheaper to fabricated and more efficient to use.
News Tips from Sinai Health System 1)Summer is the Height of Tick Season, Increasing the Risk of Lyme Disease 2)Trampoline Injuries on the Rise 3)Volunteer Program Helps Families with Parenting 4)Performing Arts Medicine Keeps Dancers on their Toes and Musicians Playing
As every parent knows, children can display their feelings in many ways. They can hang their heads, whine and cry or kick and scream. On the other hand, they may bottle up their feelings and do nothing. Janice Zeman, University of Maine assistant professor of psychology, is taking a close look at the emotional lives of children from pre-school age through the teen years. She and her doctoral students have been asking questions and observing children directly in situations designed to elicit sadness, frustration or anger.