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Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Camera and E-mail Cut Costs of Catching Early Eye Disease
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Johns Hopkins researchers are establishing a screening service that uses an automated camera to identify diabetics with a potentially blinding eye disease long before they sustain permanent damage and lose vision.

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Denatl Tips From Columbia University School Of Dental And Oral Surgery
NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center

Story ideas from the Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery's Guide to family Dental Care: 1) The Daily Grind, 2) Reducing The Neurosis About Halitosis, 3) Preparing Your Child For A Dental Visit

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
August Tip Sheet from Los Alamos
Los Alamos National Laboratory

Four tips from Los Alamos: 1) Plasma "roots" coatings for better adhesion. 2) A safe way to sample contents of mystery containers. 3) Computer tracks elk movement patterns. 4) New company to market laser-based tool for prospecting, mining and environmental remediation.

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Mayo Plans Follow-up Fen-Phen Study
Mayo Clinic

Mayo Clinic is coordinating a new, multi-center study that will use advanced imaging techniques to determine whether taking appetite suppressants including fenfluramine-phentermine (fen-phen), dexfenfluramine (Redux) and/or other appetite suppressants is associated with the development of valvular heart disease. Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, which markets the appetite suppressants Pondimin (fenfluramine) and Redux, will fund this study.

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Mars is a peaceful planet, say U-M geologists
University of Michigan

Mars is a peaceful planet, say University of Michigan geologists. Limited plate motion, no giant impacts, and no large-scale mixing for 4.53 billion years according to an analysis of Mars rocks here on Earth.

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Yikes, Spikes! Metal Cleats Unwelcome At Many Golf Courses
Purdue University

The wrong kind of shoes could spike that big deal you hope to close on the links this afternoon. Golfers wearing metal golf spikes are banned from 1,600 golf courses nationwide, according to Kelly Elbin, vice president of marketing for Softspikes, the leading manufacturer of alternative spikes.

Released: 29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Species diversity: It's not who they are, it's what they do
University of Minnesota

University of Minnesota ecologist David Tilman and several colleagues have discovered why a diversity of species controls ecosystem sustainability. Working with plots of prairie plants, the researchers found that what counts most is not the number of species per se, but the number of different ways species perform a variety of functions such as growing, cycling nutrients or producing seed.

Released: 28-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
LSU scientist on team that discovers methane ice worms on Gulf floor
Louisiana State University

LSU researcher Bob Carney was a member of a team of university scientists led by chief scientist Chuck Fisher of Pennsylvania State University who discovered what appears to be a new species of centipede-like worms that live on and within mounds of methane ice on the floor of the Gulf of Mexico.

29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Gay Male Youth Seven Times More Likely to report Suicide Attempts than Heterosexual Peers
University of Minnesota

Researchers at the University of Minnesota have found young gay men are seven times more likely to report attempted suicide than their heterosexual peers, but suicide attempts were unrelated to sexual orientation in young women.

Released: 28-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New Scientist Press Release
New Scientist

Press release of issue dated 30 August for New Scientist, the international science and technology weekly news magazine

Released: 28-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Oceanography News Tip Sheet
Council of Scientific Society Presidents

1) Research Shows Drops In Crab Population Probably Not Attributed To Fishery; 2) Computer Software Evaluates Costs And Benefits Of Sediment Remediation; 3) Burgeoning North Carolina Bluefin Tuna Fishery Attracts Scientists, Fishermen

Released: 28-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Experts: Public will accept irradiation in wake of meat recall
Purdue University

The Hudson Foods hamburger recall may be just what it takes to convince Americans that it's time to accept irradiation as another technique to safeguard their food supply, two Purdue experts say. Irradiation can destroy the microorganisms responsible for food-borne illnesses and extend the shelf life of perishable foods.

   
Released: 28-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Zanzibar Monkeys Eat Charcoal To Counteract Toxins
University of Wyoming

Monkeys on the African island of Zanzibar have learned that ingesting charcoal will counteract the adverse affects of toxic substances in their diet, say Duke University and University of Wyoming scientists.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Wildlife rabies won't cross vaccination barrier
Cornell University

Now that vaccination barrier zones are halting the northward spread of raccoon rabies in New York, Vermont and Ohio, Cornell University rabies-fighters are ready to extend the barriers across New Hampshire and Maine. Then the raccoon rabies vaccination could move southward, they predict, to turn back the viral disease in already-infected states.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Female fireflies lure males for chemical
Cornell University

The characteristic light flashes that summon male fireflies of the genus Photinus could come from female Photinus fireflies. Just as likely, the signaling females are from a different genus. The femmes fatales fireflies are luring unrelated males close enough to eat them. The males contain defensive chemicals that females need to repel predators, such as spiders.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Nurse home visits have lasting positive effects
Cornell University

In a 15-year follow-up of nurse home visit program, University of Colorado/Cornell researchers find enduring benefits, including less use of welfare, less child abuse and fewer criminal problems.

27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Children who breathe second-hand smoke at home have lower levels of "good" cholesterol, study finds
American Heart Association (AHA)

Children already in danger of developing heart disease because of high cholesterol blood levels face a "triple jeopardy" if they live in smoke-filled homes, according to a study appearing in today's American Heart Association journal Circulation.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Medicines are Helping Americans Live Longer, Better Lives; 178 More Drugs for Diseases of Aging Are in Development
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)

Life is not only getting longer - it's getting better, thanks in large part to medicines that are helping older Americans lead active lives and maintain their independence. And 91 pharmaceutical companies are currently working on 178 medicines to treat such threats to an independent lifestyle for seniors as Alzheimer's disease, arthritis and Parkinson's disease, according to a new survey by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). These 178 potential medicines are in addition to the more than 400 drugs in testing for heart disease, cancer and stroke - the leading killer of older Americans.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Special Edition Tipsheet August 26, 1997
National Science Foundation (NSF)

BACK TO SCHOOL WITH NSF--The National Science Foundation funds an array of programs to improve the quality of science and math education for all Americans and to ensure a steady supply of the world's best-educated scientists, mathematicians and engineers. Roughly 20 percent of the NSF's $3.3 billion annual budget is allocated to its education and human resources programs. NSF's investment represents one-third of all federal spending on math and science education.

Released: 27-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Scientists Successfully Isolate Pfiesteria Toxin in Lab Tests
North Carolina State University

Scientists are one step closer to identifying one of the major toxins produced by the fish-killing organism Pfiesteria piscicida, which has been blamed for killing millions of fish along the East Coast. In a series of experiments completed earlier this month, researchers at North Carolina State University have for the first time successfully isolated and purified a water-soluble toxin component from Pfiesteria.

26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Men Who Donate Blood May Reduce Risk of Heart Disease
University of Kansas

Men who donate blood may reduce their risk of heart disease by up to 30 percent, according to a study led by David Meyers, M.D., professor of internal medicine and preventive medicine at the University of Kansas Medical Center. The study is published in the August issue of the journal Heart.

29-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Home Visits During Pregnancy and Infancy Have Enduring Positive Effects
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

The long-term benefits of nurse home visits to low-income, unmarried women during pregnancy and the early years of their children's lives endure for many years after the program of home visitation ends, according to two newly published studies appearing in today's issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. These benefits include less use of welfare, fewer childhood injuries, less child abuse, and fewer arrests among the women.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
'Space-capsule' computing concept may unlock petaflops power
University of Delaware

A new computing concept--patterned after successful space missions--may soon help UD researchers complete the blueprint for a supercomputer 1 million times more powerful than the most advanced PC now on the market. Capable of processing 1 million billion commands or "floating point operations" per second, the world's first "petaflops" machine may feature superconducting microprocessors and 3-D holographic data storage.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Teens May Return to School with STD Myths
American Sexual Health Association (ASHA)

For teenagers returning to school this fall, there will be talk of summer vacations, summer jobs and summer loves. But when teens talk about sexually transmited diseases, says the director of the National STD Hotline, they often share misinformation.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Do Entrepreneurs and Managers Spend Their Time Differently?
St. Mary's University

What do entrepreneurs do in running their own businesses? And how does this differ from what business managers do? These questions are answered in an ongoing study by Brooke Envick, professor in free enterprise at St. Mary's University in San Antonio, Texas.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Most Executives Would Quit If They Could
Rider University

Everybody says she would quit her job if she won the lottery. But you also hear stories about people who keep their jobs and enjoy their wealth on weekends. What's the reality? A recent survey of nearly 900 mangement professionals found that 39 percent would stop working completely if they had enough money, 35 percent would continue working--if they could change jobs--and only 26 percent would keep the jobs they have.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Nuke Scientists Study Train Wheel Steel
Los Alamos National Laboratory

Scientists working on nuclear weapons have developed expertise and knowledge of exotic alloys. Now they are trying to improve the steel used in train wheels, with the potential to save the railroad industry millions annually.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
National Ranking for SDSU's Entrepreneurship Program
San Diego State University, College of Business Administration

(San Diego) -- For the second year, The College of Business Administration at San Diego State University has been named one of the "25 Best Business Schools for Entrepreneurs," according to the September issue of SUCCESS magazine.

Released: 26-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Without Equal Employment Laws, Small Businesses Hire Fewer Blacks Studys Says
Michigan State University

Small businesses are more likely than large employers to be guilty of discriminatory hiring practices where black job seekers are concerned, according to a study by a Michigan State University economist. The study of some 3,000 employers in four major U.S. cities indicates that small businesses are much less likely to hire blacks than are larger businesses.

16-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Hard times can mean hardened arteries
American Heart Association (AHA)

Hopelessness is a downer for the heart, according to a study that appears in this month's American Heart Association journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. The four-year study of 942 middle-aged men links hopelessness -- defined as feeling like a failure or having an uncertain future -- to a faster progression of atherosclerosis.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Video News Release Alert--Mouth Protectors are Essential Sporting Equipment
American Dental Association (ADA)

With more than two million teeth knocked out every year, mouth injuries are claiming teeth, fracturing jaws and even causing concussions. The American Dental Association (ADA) reports that many of these injuries are sports related and could be prevented by simply wearing a mouthguard.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New Guidelines for Dental Patients with Artificial Joints
American Dental Association (ADA)

Most dental patients with prosthetic (artificial) joints will not have to take antibiotics before going to the dentist's office for routine treatments, according to new guidelines published in the July issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA). (Historically, the orthopedic surgeons and other physicians have recommended premedication of patients with prosthetic joints to prevent possible infections.)

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Can a Trip to the Dentist Be a Life-Saver?
American Dental Association (ADA)

New research indicates dental x-rays may help detect patients who are at risk of stroke, according to a study published in the July issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA).

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Baby Formulas Place Infants at Risk for Tooth Decay
American Dental Association (ADA)

An analysis of several infant formulas shows that some have significant potential to cause tooth decay in babies if parents allow the child to sleep with a bottle of formula in their mouth.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Can Your Child Be Getting Too Much Fluoride Through Baby Food?
American Dental Association (ADA)

New research suggests young children may be getting more fluoride than they need through baby foods, according to a study published in the July issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA).

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Dentists Warned to Look Out for Oral Piercing
American Dental Association (ADA)

Body piercing is becoming more popular these days, and as people run out of body parts to impale, many are turning to the mouth, lips and tongue as suitable places for jewelry. However, according to a case study published in the July issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA), dentists need to be aware of this growing trend and the risks to patients that oral piercing carries.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
ADA Calls Toothpaste Warning Labels Unnecessary
American Dental Association (ADA)

The American Dental Association (ADA) is advising parents that they should be aware of but not overly concerned about one part of a warning label the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now requires on fluoride toothpastes. Beginning April 7, fluoride toothpastes were required to indicate: "If you accidentally swallow more than used for brushing, seek professional help or contact a poison control center immediately."

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
American Dental Association August Media Packet
American Dental Association (ADA)

Table Of Contents For August Media Packet

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Largest Monarch Migration in 20 Years Expected in Kansas
University of Kansas

Tens of millions of monarch butterflies will stampede through Kansas in September, and a researcher at the University of Kansas is ready for the show.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
August 22, 1997 NSF Tipsheet
National Science Foundation (NSF)

1) Huddled over a 20-gallon tank, counting thousands of tiny swimmers, an NSF-funded psychologist got more than she bargained for. 2) Scientists have discovered how 3 genes work together to regulate the development of nerve cells. 3) While some parts of the United States have been sweltering this summer, the South Pole just recorded the coldest July ever.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
River Blindness Project Begins Final Stage
Michigan State University

Nearly 20 years ago, a group of scientists stepped off a plane at a remote airport in the Sudan to begin an ambitious program to rid that African nation and the rest of the world of a disease known as river blindness. Next week, some of those scientists, including Michigan State University's Charles Mackenzie, will return to the Sudan to "complete the circle," to finish a program many thought would never reach this point and to finish off a disease that claims millions of victims every year.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Satellite to Study Lightning, Non-proliferation
Los Alamos National Laboratory

The FORTE satellite is set for launch Aug. 28 to gather new data on electromagnetic emissions from natural and manmade sources and to demonstrate new technologies for nuclear weapons treaty monitoring.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New England Climate Change Workshop
University of New Hampshire

The UNH Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space will host the New England Regional Climate Change Impacts Workshop Sept. 3-5. This important regional gathering will bring together stakeholders interested in identifying climage change issues that impact their communities and possible local solutions for responding to global warming. The workshop is part of a federal initiative to define the nation's research agenda in the area of climate change.

Released: 23-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Using Lowly Lichens To Gauge The Effects Of Air Pollution On Vegetation
University of New Hampshire

University of New Hampshire researchers think some of the Earth's smallest organisms can tell us some big things about what we're doing to our planet. That's why Barry Rock, UNH associate professor of natural resources, and graduate student Katrina Maloney focus part of their research on lichen, which can be found on rocks, trees--even roof shingles.

Released: 22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Penn Physicians to Help Define National Guidelines for Pulmonary Artery Catheterization
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Penn physicians will be participating in a national workshop coordinated by the NIH and FDA to define guidelines for use of pulmonary artery catheters in lieu of recent controversies associated with them.

Released: 22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Report Addresses Questions Over Wolves in Adirondacks
Wildlife Conservation Society

In an effort to inform the 130,000 people living in New York's Adirondacks State Park where wolves may soon be sharing the landscape, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) released a report today answering many of the commonly asked questions by residents about the big canines.

Released: 22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
'Flare' For Fire Research Leads To New Detector
Purdue University

Purdue University engineers have developed a new type of fire detector that senses temperature to detect flames, and that has several advantages over conventional smoke detectors.

Released: 22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Purdue Lab Improving Potato Chips With Computer Chips
Purdue University

Wider acceptance of computer technology is revolutionizing the business of food manufacturing. A Purdue University professor says the results are safer, more consistent products that save money for companies and make consumers happy.

Released: 22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Marketing Gumshoes Discover Hidden Customer Behaviors Through New Market Research
DePaul University

Businesses are discovering hidden markets for their products through a new market research technique called Customer Case Research. The new technique borrows methods used by detectives and investigative reporters to discover what drives customer purchases, according to a Chicago marketing consultant and a DePaul University professor who have co-written a marketing journal article on CCR.

22-Aug-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Analysis of Meteorite Sheds Light on Building Blocks of Life in Interstellar Space
University of California San Diego

With the aid of light pulsating from a star, the creation of organic molecules that may ultimately lead to the formation of life could be happening throughout the universe in a relatively simple process.



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