Curated News: JAMA

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A study of over 4 million children and adolescents in the U.S. enrolled in Medicaid found that those who rely on urgent care centers for more than a third of their outpatient health care needs had fewer visits to primary care providers. This may result in missed opportunities for preventative services, such as vaccinations, and identification and management of chronic conditions, such as obesity or asthma. Findings were published in JAMA Network Open.

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They know it’s addictive, linked to dangerous lung diseases, and delivers more nicotine than the cigarettes it’s supposed to replace. But the social aspects of vaping drives young people to use e-cigarettes, according to nearly two-thirds of teens and young adults in a new study.

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Babies born prematurely who require treatment to prevent blindness from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) could be treated with a dose of Avastin (bevacizumab) that is a fraction of the dose commonly used for ROP currently. Results from the dose-finding study were published April 23 in JAMA Ophthalmology. The study was conducted by the Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group (PEDIG) and supported by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health.

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A new protocol using highly sensitive blood tests to determine whether someone is having a heart attack

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Home- and center-based child care providers are not required by most states or U.S. territories to inform parents when guns are stored on the premises, according to a new study from researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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Monitoring blood oxygen levels with continuous pulse oximetry is being overused in infants with bronchiolitis who do not require supplemental oxygen, according to a study by researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). The researchers found the use of continuous pulse oximetry occurred frequently and varied widely among hospitals in their sample, despite national recommendations advising against the practice.

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Many people trying to manage their pain and addiction have lost their support programs due to COVID-19. A Rutgers expert in Emergency Medicine discusses how patients can manage the disease during the coronavirus crisis.

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Research indicates that widespread opioid overprescribing contributed to the opioid epidemic. New research shows that this dangerous trend has apparently been coupled with another: inappropriate use of high-potency opioids.

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Data show that the number of people with clinically complex health and social needs is growing. Programs designed to support these adults have fallen short and the healthcare system is becoming overtaxed by these “super-utilizers”.

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The number of hospitals providing TAVR could double with changes to Medicare requirements. Researchers see reason for both excitement and concern.

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By repurposing badges originally designed to locate nurses and other hospital staff, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they can precisely monitor how patients in the hospital are walking outside of their rooms, a well-known indicator and contributor to recovery after surgery.

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This case series reports a cluster-spreading event in Huai'an (about 435 miles northeast of Wuhan) in Jiangsu Province, China, where a patient with SARS-CoV-2 may have transmitted the virus to eight other healthy individuals through bathing in a public bath center.

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COVID-19 can have fatal consequences for people with underlying cardiovascular disease and cause cardiac injury even in patients without underlying heart conditions, according to a review published today in JAMA Cardiology by experts at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).

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A secondary analysis of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9601 phase 3 randomized clinical trial finds the benefit of hormone therapy varies depending on a patient’s PSA level.

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Highly focused, intense doses of radiation called stereotactic ablative radiation (SABR) may slow progression of disease in a subset of men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancers that have spread to a few separate sites in the body, according to results of a phase II clinical trial of the therapy.

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Nationwide survey data on more than 230,000 U.S. adolescents over the period 2005 to 2018 suggest that anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and other “internalizing” problems account for an increasing share of the adolescent mental health burden, according to a study from researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Columbia University.

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There are substantial costs associated with breast cancer screenings for U.S. women in their 40s, a new Yale Cancer Center-led study finds, and these costs vary widely by region.

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Researchers looked at whether taking more steps and higher intensity stepping were associated with reduced risk of death in this observational study that included almost 4,900 adults (40 and over) who wore a device called an accelerometer to measure their step count and step intensity (steps/minute).

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A study of national dietary trends over 18 years finds some improvements in the diets of U.S. children, but the majority still have a poor-quality diet. Disparities persisted or even worsened, finds the study published in JAMA and led by researchers at Tufts.

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In an analysis of 2019 mass shootings and hospital locations, researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) found that the closest hospital to more than 70% of mass shootings was a non-trauma center, where sudden, high casualty loads were more likely to overwhelm capacity and trauma-specific care options may have been limited. They also found that in more than half of mass shooting events, the nearest pediatric trauma center was more than 10 miles away.

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On February 20, 2020, a young man in the Lombardy region of Italy was admitted with an atypical pneumonia that later proved to be COVID-19. In the next 24 hours there were 36 more cases, none of whom had contact with the first patient or with anyone known to have COVID-19. This was the beginning of one of the largest and most serious clusters of COVID-19 in the world. Despite aggressive containment efforts, the disease continues to spread and the number of affected patients is rising. The case-fatality rate has been very high and is dominated by very old patients. This Infographic shows the most recent statistics emerging from Italy regarding the country’s experience with COVID-19.

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New data analysis could change smoking policies worldwide to protect non-smokers and reduce their risk

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A new study examines the factors associated with a potentially missed diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults in the emergency department.

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Mount Sinai research highlights the need for more hearing checks among groups at high risk for falls

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In a new study published today in JAMA, a team of researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) evaluated how health outcomes for low-income older adults who are dually enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid have changed since the early 2000s.

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What if there was a tool to help with faster, more accurate diagnosis of both psychogenic seizures and epilepsy? And what if this tool was simpler and less expensive than video EEG, and available almost everywhere?

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The net cost of prescription drugs – meaning sticker price minus manufacturer discounts – rose over three times faster than the rate of inflation over the course of a decade, according to a study published today in JAMA. It’s the first to report trends in all brand name net drug costs in the U.S.

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Racial and ethnic minority children and adolescents with cancer have a higher risk of death than non-Hispanic white children and adolescents, with evidence for larger disparities in survival for more treatable cancers, finds a new study from the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis.“The results suggest that there are modifiable racial and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival,” said Kim Johnson, associate professor and senior author of “Associations Between Race/Ethnicity and US Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survival by Treatment Amenability,” published Feb.

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Doctors who use drugs that target antibiotic-resistant bacteria as a first-line defense against pneumonia should probably reconsider this approach, according to a new study of more than 88,000 veterans hospitalized with the disease. The study found that pneumonia patients given these medications in the first few days after hospitalization fared no better than those receiving standard medical care for the condition.

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Decreased folate levels in the bloodstream have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, shedding light on why those patients are more susceptible to heart and vascular disease, according to research published today in JAMA Network Open by experts at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).

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Having twins from IVF or other related procedures quadruples the chance that a baby may have congenital heart problems.

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Cannabis use continues to increase in popularity among adults 65 years of age and older in the United States, according to a new study from NYU Grossman School of Medicine.

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Black or white, man or woman, providers got similar satisfaction and confidence scores from simulated patients in new research with implications for quality reporting

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A Polygenic Risk Score — a genetic assessment that doctors have hoped could predict coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients — has been found not to be a useful predictive biomarker for disease risk, according to a Vanderbilt study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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In a new study, a team of BIDMC researchers evaluate how hospitals awarded for high quality cardiovascular care by the AHA/ACC performed under federal value-based programs.

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Research from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey shows administering the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab together with chemotherapy given at the same time as radiation treatment (chemoradiation) is safe and tolerable as a first-line therapy for patients with stage 3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

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. Em um novo artigo publicado em 4 de fevereiro pela revista JAMA, os pesquisadores da Mayo Clinic descrevem os benefícios da terapia de ventilação não invasiva em casa, que exerce uma pressão positiva nas vias aéreas em dois níveis, ou BiPAP, para vários pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC).

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在2月4日JAMA发布的一篇新论文中，Mayo Clinic的研究人员描述了家庭无创通气治疗对许多慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的益处，其中包括一种被称为双水平气道正压(BiPAP)的治疗。 该团队确定了许多益处，包括降低死亡率、减少住院次数、降低插管风险、改善气短症状和减少急诊次数。

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In einer neuen, am 4. Feb. in JAMA veröffentlichten Arbeit beschreiben Forscher von Mayo Clinic die Vorzüge einer nicht-invasiven Beatmungstherapie zu Hause ― die einen Typ umfasst, der auch als BiPAP bezeichnet wird ― für viele Patienten mit chronisch obstruktiver Lungenkrankheit (COPD).

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Dans un nouvel article publié le 4 février dans JAMA, les chercheurs de Mayo Clinic décrivent les avantages de la thérapie de ventilation non invasive à domicile ; celle-ci comprend un dispositif appelé dispositif à pression positive biniveau, ou BiPAP, destiné à de nombreux patients atteints de bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO).

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More than 10,000 uninsured patients sought care at Texas emergency departments for lifesaving kidney dialysis in 2017, incurring more than $21.8 million in hospital costs, according to researchers from UTHealth.

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The old story of a farmer trying to get a stubborn mule to pull a wagon by dangling a carrot in front of its nose, or hitting its rump with a stick, may not seem to have much to do with the practice of medicine. But a new study suggests that when it comes to making the best use of health care dollars, it will take a combination of carrots and sticks to move things forward.

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Traditional cardiovascular risk factors often assessed in an annual physical, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, diabetes, and smoking status, are at least as valuable in predicting who will develop coronary heart disease (CHD) as a sophisticated genetic test that surveys millions of different points in DNA.