Feature Channels: Pharmaceuticals

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The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), the premier global molecular diagnostic professional society, today published consensus recommendations to aid in the design and validation of clinical TPMT and NUDT15 genotyping assays, promote standardization of testing across different laboratories and improve patient care.

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Adults who use cannabis consume more opioids after surgery. Reducing noise in the operating room (OR) improves postoperative behavior in children, including decreased temper tantrums and fussiness about eating. Minorities are less likely to have patient-centered end-of-life care. These are among the important research findings being presented at ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2022, the annual meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), Oct. 21-25 in New Orleans.

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In a survey study of more than 3,000 adults, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers compared psychedelic experiences with near-death experiences that were not drug related and found notable similarities in people’s attitudes toward death.

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Media Briefing Schedule for ACS Fall 2022

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JSF-2659, developed to be administered orally, could be a game changer in treating Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is on the World Health Organization’s global list of “priority pathogens” for its resistance to existing drugs.

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Taking research to the next step, a new study shows that Roundup® weed killer may have new dangers

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A study is the first to link the use of the herbicide Roundup® to convulsions in animals. Glyphosate, the weed killer component in Roundup®, is the world’s most commonly used herbicide. Results showed that glyphosate and Roundup® increased seizure-like behavior in soil-dwelling roundworms and provides significant evidence that glyphosate targets GABA-A receptors. These communication points are essential for locomotion and are heavily involved in regulating sleep and mood in humans. What truly sets this research apart is that it was done at significantly less levels than recommended by the EPA and those used in past studies.

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The latest research and expert commentary on the monkeypox outbreak.

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Un estudio dirigido por los científicos del Centro Oncológico Integral de Mayo Clinic descubrió que la adición de brentuximab vedotina a la quimioterapia estándar mejora la supervivencia general de los pacientes con linfoma de Hodgkin, comparado con la administración de solo la quimioterapia estándar.

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Um estudo conduzido por pesquisadores do Centro de Câncer da Mayo Clinic descobriu que adicionar o brentuximab vedotina ao tratamento quimioterápico padrão aumenta a taxa geral de sobrevida de pacientes com linfoma de Hodgkin, em comparação com o padrão de tratamento atual que usa somente a quimioterapia.

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一项由妙佑医疗国际综合癌症中心的研究人员牵头的研究表明，相比目前单纯采用化疗的标准疗法，在标准化疗疗法中添加brentuximab vedotin可提高霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的总体存活期。

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A new national survey reveals considerable differences between psychiatrists’ perceptions about the safety and therapeutic value of certain psychoactive drugs and how those same drugs are categorized under U.S. policy.

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There’s no cure for lupus, an autoimmune disease that attacks organs. But today, scientists report they have begun phase 2 clinical trials with a pill containing a compound that, in mice, reverses organ damage and prevents death. They will present their results at ACS Fall 2022.

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Lithium needs to be taken in just the right amount to be effective. Today, scientists report the development of a tiny sensor that detects lithium levels noninvasively from sweat on a fingertip in about 30 seconds. The researchers will present their results at ACS Fall 2022.

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New medication now available at UC San Diego Health allows for less frequent visits for patients, helping improve quality of life.

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With antibiotic-resistant bacteria on the rise, scientists have been searching for ways to shut down the Type IV secretion system (T4SS), a protein complex on the outer envelope of bacterial cells that helps them to exchange DNA with neighboring bacteria and resist antibiotics.

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Results from relevant studies indicate that gender-affirming hormone therapy may increase blood levels of creatinine (indicating potential kidney dysfunction or simply a change in lean muscle mass) in transgender men but does not significantly impact blood levels of creatinine in transgender women.

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UPTON, NY--Scientists studying a COVID-19 coronavirus enzyme at temperatures ranging from frosty to human-body warm discovered subtle structural shifts that offer clues about how the enzyme works. The findings, published in IUCrJ, the journal of the International Union of Crystallography, may inspire the design of new drugs to counteract COVID-19 -- and possibly help head off future coronavirus pandemics.

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Researchers at McMaster University have found a class of well-known antiviral drugs could be part of a one-two punch to treat seasonal influenza and prevent a flu pandemic when used in combination with antibody therapies.

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Women giving birth during the COVID-19 pandemic have been denied nitrous oxide (laughing gas) for pain relief due to fears of virus transmission from the aerosol-generating procedure.

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Mais de um terço das pessoas diagnosticadas com transtorno depressivo maior não têm resposta suficiente a tratamentos antidepressivos específicos. Os pacientes frequentemente precisam tentar opções diferentes até que uma seja eficaz.

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Más del 33 por ciento de las personas diagnosticadas con trastorno depresivo mayor no responden lo suficiente a los tratamientos antidepresivos específicos. Con frecuencia, es necesario que el paciente intente con distintas alternativas hasta encontrar una que sea eficaz.

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在被诊断出重度抑郁障碍的人群中有三分之一的人对特定抗抑郁治疗反应不佳。患者通常需要尝试不同的治疗方法，直到找到有效的治疗。

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A team of researchers led by the University of California, Irvine has discovered that treatment with an extract from the roots of the Rhodiola rosea plant might be effective for helping manage type 2 diabetes, showing promise as a safe and effective non-pharmaceutical alternative. The study, recently published online in Scientific Reports, found that in a mouse model of human type 2 diabetes, Rhodiola rosea lowered fasting blood sugar levels, improved response to insulin injections, modulated the composition of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and decreased several biomarkers of inflammation.

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In a lookback study of prescribing patterns among thousands of American ophthalmologists and optometrists, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers concluded that eye doctors who receive even small financial incentives from pharmaceutical companies, such as free food, sponsored travel to attend meetings or consulting fees, are up to twice as likely to prescribe the companies’ brand name eyedrops for glaucoma instead of cheaper generic versions.

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The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) today applauded the passage of key drug pricing reforms in the Inflation Reduction Act that will improve rheumatology patients’ access to needed drug therapies and treatments.

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Mayo Clinic researchers say the monoclonal antibody bebtelovimab, already authorized by the Food and Drug Administration for emergency use on the omicron variant of COVID-19, is a reliable option to treat BA.2 and other COVID-19 subvariants. The findings of their multisite, retrospective study involving 3,607 high-risk patients appear in the Journal of Infectious Diseases.

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Houston Methodist researchers present clinical evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of injecting pain medication directly into the tibia during knee replacement surgery for better postoperative pain management. The study revealed patients receiving a mixture of morphine and vancomycin injected into the shin bone have less pain post-surgery than those who received the infusion without morphine during surgery.

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Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say that an experimental dendrimer nanoparticle treatment called OP-101 substantially reduced the risk of death and need for a ventilator in a study of 24 severely ill adults hospitalized with COVID-19.

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Gerontology researchers teamed up with hematologic-oncology investigators from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute to look at the association between older patients with blood cancers who were taking multiple medications and their corresponding frailty. They also created a new scale based on a list of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) from the NCCN Guidelines® for Older Adult Oncology—called the Geriatric Oncology-Potentially Inappropriate Medications (GO-PIMs) Scale—and found it to be more effective at predicting frailty than conventional methods.

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New study suggests that readily available PET scanning could enable a whole-body analysis of the effects of systemic STING-activating therapy in humans, potentially providing a diagnostic tool to guide clinical development of this treatment approach.

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Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago are working with the National Institutes of Health and University of Minnesota to establish a center for antiviral drug development for pandemic-level viruses, including Ebola and SARS-CoV-2.

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Drugs called interferon betas are common treatments for multiple sclerosis. Interferon beta, a protein known to contain a zinc-binding pocket, is thought to reduce proinflammatory molecules in MS patients. But researchers now report in ACS Chemical Neuroscience that the molecule reduces the binding of three components — zinc, C-peptide and albumin — to red blood cells.

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Urinary tract infections are common, yet can be tough to treat as the bacteria that cause them become resistant to many antibiotics. In ACS Central Science, researchers report a new molecule that inhibits drug-resistant bacteria in lab experiments, as well as in mice with pneumonia and UTIs.

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Nanoparticles (red) are taken up by immune cells (green with blue nuclei). Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have shown that an experimental nanoparticle-based drug therapy protects mice from sudden death due to the rupture of a major blood vessel in the abdomen, pointing the way toward a new strategy for treating deadly abdominal aortic aneurysms.

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The Inflation Reduction Act contains provisions that are expected to lower drug costs for millions of Americans by allowing Medicare to negotiate some drug prices and by limiting the amount of out-of-pocket drug costs for Medicare Part D patients.

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A common method of administering drugs is orally, by swallowing a pill or capsule. But oral administration is the most complex way for the human body to absorb an active pharmaceutical ingredient, because the bioavailability of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract depends on the medication's ingredients and the stomach's dynamic physiological environment. In Physics of Fluids, researchers from employ a biomimetic in-silico simulator based on the realistic anatomy and morphology of the stomach – a "StomachSim" – to investigate and quantify the effect of body posture and stomach motility on drug bioavailability.

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With the support of Harrington Discovery Institute at University Hospitals (UH), an ophthalmic therapeutic dubbed KIO-301, which was initially developed by Richard Kramer, PhD, at the University of California, Berkeley (UCB), has successfully been granted approval to start a Phase 1b, first-in-human clinical trial. Currently under the stewardship of Kiora Pharmaceuticals, Inc., (NASDAQ: KPRX) via a license with UCB, Inc., the drug is intended to restore lost vision in patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)--a rare, genetic eye disease that causes severe loss of functional vision and affects an estimated 100,000 people in the U.S.