Feature Channels: All Journal News

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Equations that don’t use racially and ethnically adjusted spirometry results to help determine eligibility for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) clinical trials may lead to higher percentages of Black patients enrolled, according to research published at the ATS 2024 International Conference.

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A study has tapped into the peach genome, creating large-scale gene coexpression networks (GCNs) that predict gene functions and streamline the peach breeding process. This innovative approach addresses the complex task of identifying genes linked to desirable breeding traits in peaches.

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A study introduces an automated machine learning (Auto-ML) model that predicts the freezing tolerance of grapevines in real-time, a critical advancement for sustainable grape production in cooler climates. This model leverages hourly temperature data and varietal specifics to forecast cold hardiness, a significant step towards precision viticulture.

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Recent research has unveiled the genetic foundations of resistance in strawberries to Macrophomina, a formidable soilborne disease. Employing cutting-edge breeding strategies and genomic analysis, scientists have pinpointed crucial genetic loci responsible for resistance, heralding a new era of more robust strawberry varieties.

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Race-based assessments of lung function have historically assumed different levels of “normal” for different patient groups. New analysis shows that removing from lung function estimates would increase the number of Black patients diagnosed with serious disease.Greater estimated disease severity would change a patient’s diagnosis, disability compensation, eligibility for certain jobs.

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A recent study has unlocked the genetic secrets behind the sweetness of strawberries, a key factor in consumer preference. The research identifies key genetic markers that influence both the sugar content and yield of strawberries, offering a significant step forward in the breeding of sweeter, more productive varieties.

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New genomic insights from researchers unveil critical genes influencing apple fruit size and shape. Through a comprehensive genome-wide association study, the study identifies several genetic markers linked to these traits, offering potential for enhanced breeding strategies.

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A new study has uncovered a genetic treasure trove within the melon genome that could revolutionize the plant's defense against pests and diseases. Researchers have identified a cluster of genes that bestow resistance to both powdery mildew and aphids, two of the most devastating threats to melon crops worldwide.

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Biotechnological innovation meets horticulture as researchers unveil a cutting-edge genome editing protocol for grapes. This novel technique, integrating protoplast culture with CRISPR-Cas9, facilitates the regeneration of non-chimeric, transgene-free plants across a spectrum of grape varieties.

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Scientists have the first direct evidence that the powerful magnetic fields created in off-center collisions of atomic nuclei induce an electric current in “deconfined” nuclear matter. The study used measurements of how charged particles are deflected when they emerge from the collisions. The study provides proof that the magnetic fields exist and offers a new way to measure electrical conductivity in quark-gluon plasma.

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A lack of detailed record-keeping in clinics and emergency departments may be getting in the way of reducing the inappropriate use of antibiotics, a pair of new studies suggests. About 10% of children and 35% of adults who got an antibiotic prescription during an office visit had no specific reason for it in their record.

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Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that a strain of gut bacteria can boost immune responses and enhance cancer immunotherapy to fight sarcoma tumors in mice. Shown is a rendering of microbes in the intestine.

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A paper in the journal Science Advances describes how the moving parts of a particular plant protein control whether plants can grow and make energy-intensive products such as oil — or instead put in place a series of steps to conserve precious resources. The study focuses specifically on how the molecular machinery is regulated by a molecule that rises and falls with the level of sugar — plants’ main energy source.

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A study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has found that repeat vaccination with updated versions of the COVID-19 vaccine promotes the development of antibodies that neutralize a wide range of variants of the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as related coronaviruses.

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The sweet taste receptor, expressed in taste bud cells, conveys sweetness from the mouth when it is activated. Monell researchers delved into how the sweet-taste receptor might be the first stop in a metabolic surveillance system for sugar. They team found that stimulation and inhibition of the receptor demonstrates that it helps regulate glucose metabolism in humans and may have implications for managing such metabolic disorders as diabetes.

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Vaccines remain the gold standard of protection against dangerous pathogens, but take considerable time and vast resources to develop. Rapidly mutating viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 can blunt their effectiveness and even render them obsolete.

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A research team from New Jersey Institute of Technology is uncovering mysteries surrounding fluids in nanoporous materials, and has been recently awarded a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to support this research.

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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered that a protein responsible for the synthesis of a key plant material evolved much earlier than suspected. This new research explored the origin and evolution of the biochemical machinery that builds lignin, a structural component of plant cell walls with significant impacts on the clean energy industry.

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A significant link between the use of electronic cigarettes and earlier age of asthma onset in U.S. adults was reported by UTHealth Houston researchers today in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network Open.

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Innovative Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning technologies harness massive vehicle-generated data to create high-resolution atmospheric delay correction maps, significantly enhancing Global Positioning System (GPS) accuracy across varied spatial scales. This new method exploits real-time, crowd-sourced vehicle GNSS raw data, refining traditional GPS applications and presenting a cost-effective solution for precise positioning.

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Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago announces the launch of the Journal of Health Advocacy (JHA), the first of its kind peer-reviewed open access journal housed within the organization’s Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities.

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In a trial analyzing how messages were framed in an underserved population, offering colorectal cancer screening options resulted in the highest screening rate

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A unique collaboration between two UT Southwestern Medical Center labs - one that studies bacteria and another that studies viruses - has identified two immune proteins that appear key to fighting infections.

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A team of chemists from the University of Vienna, led by Nuno Maulide, has achieved a significant breakthrough in the field of chemical synthesis, developing a novel method for manipulating carbon-hydrogen bonds. This groundbreaking discovery provides new insights into the molecular interactions of positively charged carbon atoms.

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Researchers at the UNC School of Medicine, UCSF, Stanford, and Harvard determined that a protein prediction technology can yield accurate results in the hunt to efficiently find the best possible drug candidates for many conditions.

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It increases the number of hearts considered for transplants

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New research in The FASEB Journal indicates that expression levels of the RPGRIP1L gene might serve as a new prognostic marker for individuals with invasive breast cancer.

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A recent publication in Scientific Reports unveils a potentially groundbreaking non-opioid pain treatment developed by a team led by Dr. Hernan Bazan.

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The study, which joins a growing body of research on end-of-life cancer treatment, published May 16 in JAMA Oncology.

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A new study conducted by a team of researchers from China and the UK provides crucial insights into the variation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the South-to-North Water Diversion in China and its implications for drinking water treatment.

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In what they believe is a solution to a 30-year biological mystery, neuroscientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say they have used genetically engineered mice to address how one mutation in the gene for the light-sensing protein rhodopsin results in congenital stationary night blindness.

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Patients with very advanced solid tumors saw no significant improvement in overall survival after receiving systemic therapy, according to a study published today in JAMA Oncology by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Yale Cancer Center.

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In a significant stride toward justice in environmental sciences, a recent study has unveiled the urgent necessity of embedding equity throughout all phases of environmental data science and machine learning research and application.

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Researchers have developed a groundbreaking point-of-care detection method for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a bacterium responsible for a significant number of foodborne illnesses. The new platform, leveraging recombinant polymerase amplification (RPA) and the CRISPR/Cas12a system combined with an immunochromatographic test strip (ICS), offers a low-cost, simple, and visually intuitive solution for the rapid detection of this pathogen in seafood.

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China's Earth Observation (EO) System has seen significant progress, evolving into a sophisticated network of satellites supporting various global applications. This system, vital for sustainable development, promises further advancements with new technologies enhancing its capabilities.

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Daniel M. Geynisman, MD, is being announced the new Editor-in-Chief for JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Dr. Geynisman, Chief of the Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology at Fox Chase Cancer Center, has a long history of working with NCCN in a variety of roles.

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If you tend to do other things or get distracted while eating dinner, you may be running the risk of over-consuming everyday pleasures later, possibly because the distraction caused you to enjoy yourself less, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

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Researchers have developed a groundbreaking electrostatic air sampler that enhances the rapid monitoring of airborne influenza and coronavirus. The device, capable of high air flow rates, offers significant advancements in detecting viral presence in indoor environments through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.

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Disc-related back pain may one day meet its therapeutic match: gene therapy delivered by naturally derived nanocarriers that, a new study shows, repairs damaged discs in the spine and lowers pain symptoms in mice.

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Rutgers Health researchers found that long COVID is associated with active inflammatory changes in the nervous system, but the condition is distinct from Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

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A recent article outlines a novel approach to understanding and reducing personal carbon emissions. By comparing daily energy use to food consumption and transportations, researchers provide clear strategies for individuals to reduce their carbon footprint effectively.

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Mice experiencing “social jet lag” developed characteristics similar to people with the same phenomenon, including significant weight gain, higher blood sugar levels and lower cardiovascular fitness.