About half of the world’s population is self-employed, and self-employed women earn only about half as much as men, according to the World Bank. Social scientists believed for years that increasing women’s access to capital would shrink the earnings gap.
Higher levels of racial inequality in political disenfranchisement are linked to negative health outcomes in Black populations in the United States, according to a new Florida State University study.Assistant Professor of Sociology and Associate Director of the Public Health Program Patricia Homan, the study’s lead author, said it revealed that racialized disenfranchisement is accompanied by health problems including depression, physical limitations and disability.
In a recent article in the official journal of the U.S. Surgeon General, Public Health Reports, UNC Family Medicine's Donald Pathman, MD, MPH, UNC Social Medicine’s Jeffrey Sonis, MD, MPH, and colleagues assess how the pandemic has affected clinicians in outpatient, safety-net practices.
Irvine, Calif., Feb. 14, 2022 — In a new Nature Astronomy study, an international team led by astrophysicists from the University of California, Irvine and Pomona College report how, when tiny galaxies collide with bigger ones, the bigger galaxies can strip the smaller galaxies of their dark matter — matter that we can’t see directly, but which astrophysicists think must exist because, without its gravitational effects, they couldn’t explain things like the motions of a galaxy’s stars.
Even the best laser has “quantum noise” that makes images from microscopy blurry and hides details. This results in measurements that are less precise than scientists need. Researchers have designed a new type of microscope that uses quantum squeezed light to reduce measurement uncertainty, enabling a 50 percent improvement in the sensitivity of a specific scientific measurement.
Most patients who show signs of alcohol or opioid/stimulant drug use associated with injury now undergo screening and/or intervention in Level I and II trauma centers, according to national survey results.
A study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School found a surprising misalignment between the tax subsidies received by nonprofit hospitals in the United States and the community benefit that these hospitals provide.
University of Washington scientists and U.S. officials used genetic testing of ivory shipments seized by law enforcement to uncover the international criminal networks behind ivory trafficking out of Africa, exposing an even higher degree of connection among smugglers than previously known.
Georgia Tech lab of Garrett Stanley identifies the neural signaling that correlates with adaptive behavior in what could be the first step toward new strategies to improve and speed up learning.
Georgia Tech researchers develop species agnostic lipid nanoparticle screening system to accelerate creation of cutting edge mRNA therapies.
Researchers at the Yale Cancer Biology Institute have clarified the role of a recurring cancer-associated tumor mutation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and most aggressive type of malignant brain tumor. The findings were published in Nature.
A new study explores how specialized care providers navigate conversations with patients and their families about switching from curative treatments to pain management and comfort care. Many of the providers did not dismiss their patients’ emotions or tell patients to feel differently. Rather, they validated their patients’ fear, hope or guilt, and then walked them through the likely outcomes of continuing treatments.
Speech recognition technology allows us to ask Siri to check the weather for tomorrow, or to ask Alexa to play our favorite song. But those technologies require audible speech. What if a person can’t speak, or if vocalized speech in a particular setting isn’t appropriate?
Reports of taste loss are genuine in people with COVID-19 and indistinguishable from smell loss. The new study examines the prevalence of taste loss in COVID-19 patients and how the way the symptom was measured might impact the prevalence estimate.
Exposure to alcohol in the womb exacerbates children’s vulnerability to social and environmental stressors and to mental health issues in adulthood, according to a new study. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is known to cause neurocognitive and physical conditions, including facial and growth abnormalities. Previous research has also linked PAE to long-term mental health effects, though these outcomes are not well understood. This is partly because the impact of alcohol exposure before birth is difficult to separate from the effects of other early social and environmental stressors, including adverse childhood experiences, that often accompany PAE. For the new study in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, investigators compared mental health conditions among adults who’d been exposed to alcohol before birth with those who weren’t. They also explored the role of early childhood adversity and other social and environmental factors on mental health.
Treatment for COVID-19 should be based on clinical judgment and not just testing, according to a Rutgers study that found testing alone is missing some people with the virus, especially those at high risk who need therapeutic treatments.
A study by researchers at Mayo Clinic Cancer Center in Florida is validating the use of genomic sequencing to predict the likelihood that patients with gastric cancer will derive benefit from chemotherapy or from immunotherapy. The study is published in Nature Communications.
Several recent studies measure the out-of-pocket costs that patients face for necessary follow-up tests after getting abnormal results on free screening for colon, cervical, lung or breast cancer.
… A meta-analysis including 7673 patients undergone to TAVR demonstrated that low stroke-volume index, a parameter of transaortic flow, was related with an increased mortality compared with patients with normal stroke volume index [36] …
Chloride intracellular channel-1 (CLIC1) activity controls glioblastoma proliferation. Metformin exerts antitumor effects in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) inhibiting CLIC1 activity, but its low potency hampers its translation in clinical settings. We …
… We were surprised to find that GSCs are not maintained in a stem cell state during diapause, even though ovaries can rebound post-diapause to youthful stem cell numbers, proliferation, and ovary size. This remarkable recovery potential appears …
… Although our study is the only assessment of a stem cell line culture (H1 hESC), the relationship between changes in pH and dO 2 was … These data further indicate that although the H1 hESC line, and potentially also other stem cell types, can …
… In recent years, significant progress has been made in stem cell research, especially in the mechanism of stem cell activation, homing and … of stem cell ion channels. In this review, we reviewed the main ion channels found on stem cells …
… and use of OAC in patients with TAVR and AF, we excluded all patients with a prior mechanical valve, prior stroke within 1 year, in‐… In an analysis from a large clinical data registry of US patients with AF undergoing TAVR, we found that the 1‐year …
Chronic or non-healing skin wounds present an ongoing challenge in advanced wound care and the current wound healing technologies remain insufficient. Recently, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising new approach for chronic …
… Due to the abundance, ease of isolation and homogeneity of dental MSCs, they may represent a promising stem cell reservoir … stem cell; SHED, stem cell derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth; SCAPs, stem cell of apical papilla; PDLSC …
Increasing evidences indicate that unlimited capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency, two unique properties of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), are intrinsically linked to cell cycle control. However, the precise mechanisms coordinating cell fate …
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and University of Pennsylvania have identified a powerful combination of antivirals to treat COVID-19.
China has promised to become carbon neutral before 2060 and has coupled this ambitious target with stringent limitations on industrial water use by 2030. An international team of IIASA researchers and Chinese colleagues explored the effects of simultaneously pursuing these goals.
Unlike the classic Jules Verne science fiction novel Journey to the Center of the Earth or movie The Core, humans cannot venture into the Earth’s interior beyond a few kilometres of its surface. But thanks to latest advances in computer modelling, an international team of researchers led by the University of Bristol has shed new light on the properties and behaviour of magma found several hundreds of kilometres deep within the Earth.
A new study has reinforced the importance of implicit attitudes toward alcohol in escalating risk for heavy drinking as a young person transitions from adolescence to adulthood. Alcohol use peaks in emerging adulthood, with many associated health risks and negative consequences, so understanding risk and protective pathways to heavy drinking in this age group is a critical public health issue. In contrast to conscious information processing, implicit information processing occurs spontaneously, without deliberation or awareness. Although implicit alcohol attitudes are considered important in prompting alcohol use and maintaining heavy drinking, previous studies have provided mixed support for the association between positive (i.e. favorable) implicit alcohol attitudes and greater drinking. This may be partly attributable to difficulties in measuring implicit attitudes. A further complication is that associations between implicit alcohol attitudes and heavy drinking may be reciprocal: n
Cancer patients undergoing active treatment were more likely to believe misinformation related to COVID-19 than those without a history of cancer, according to a new study led by researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University.
A new review of the theoretical models used around the world to assess, diagnose, research, and treat mental health problems has highlighted the vast array of approaches which exist.
Even though sales of non-alcoholic beer have risen substantially in Denmark and Europe in the last couple of years, there are still many people that won’t follow the healthy trend because they find the taste not to be quite as good as that of regular beers.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have shown, in mice, that a new class of compounds they developed can improve several aspects of metabolic syndrome. Such conditions often lead to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have found several hundred different chemical substances in tap water stored in reusable plastic bottles.
Operating quantum technology in challenging environments, such as space, has moved a significant step forward after physicists working at the University of Sussex have developed a monitoring and control system blueprint for quantum devices and experiments.
A ring of planetary debris studded with moon-sized structures has been observed orbiting close to a white dwarf star, hinting at a nearby planet in the “habitable zone” where water and thus life could exist, according to a new study led by UCL researchers.
For more than a century written language was seen by anthropologists and other social scientists as a definitional feature of societal complexity or “advancement” (a term that is tinged with colonialism and racism).
At the centre of spiral galaxies – those near to us but also those billions of light-years away – there is a vast spherical region made up of dark matter particles.
The brain’s ability to clear a protein closely linked to Alzheimer’s disease is tied to our circadian cycle, according to research published in PLOS Genetics.
New research published today in the Journal of Archaeological Science Reports reveals how archaeologists can determine when a pot was used by Romans as a portable toilet, known as a chamber pot.
Sandwiching wiggly proteins between two other layers allows scientists to get the most detailed images yet of a protein that’s key to the spread of acute myeloid leukemia.
Participants in the study who cycled on a stationary bike or took a brisk walk for an hour-and-a-half after getting a flu shot or COVID-19 jab produced more antibodies in the following four weeks compared to participants who sat or continued with their daily routine post-immunization.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common disease that increases with age, and its occurrence is stressful both psychologically and financially. Stem cell therapy for IDD is emerging. For this therapy...
A Ludwig Cancer Research preclinical study has demonstrated that a common weight-loss diet could enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
. In a new article published in Nature Communications, the laboratory of Elsa R. Flores, Ph.D., in collaboration with the Baylor College of Medicine and MD Anderson Cancer Center, shows how the protein ΔNp63 contributes to disease development through the regulation of stem cells and crucial elements known as enhancers, which regulate genes that control cell identity.
Mount Sinai researchers conducting clinical trials of a drug targeting a cancer gene found that it increased metastatic cancer patients’ survival and was able to work within the brain, according to a study published in Clinical Cancer Research in February.
A new study could be a game changer for users of prosthetic hands who have long awaited advances in dexterity. Researchers examined if people could precisely control the grip forces applied to two different objects grasped simultaneously with a dexterous artificial hand. They designed a multichannel wearable soft robotic armband to convey artificial sensations of touch to the robotic hand users. Subjects were able to successfully grasp and transport two objects simultaneously with the dexterous artificial hand without breaking or dropping them, even when their vision of both objects was obstructed. The study is the first to show the feasibility of this complex simultaneous control task while integrating multiple channels of haptic/touch sensation feedback noninvasively.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new blood-clotting test that uses only a single drop of blood and a smartphone vibration motor and camera.
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