Inhaled vaporized cannabis does not appear to improve or worsen exercise performance and activity-related breathlessness in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a randomized controlled trial published online in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.
New research by University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law Professor Jorge Contreras published in Science examines how sharing —and not sharing — resources in biomedical research can complicate the development of important medical advances on the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the “anticommons” theory.
• In an interview study of kidney specialists, 4 different approaches to discussing the option of dialysis versus conservative management for older patients with kidney failure were evident. • Nephrologists should reflect on their approach and understand the strengths and weaknesses of each.
Argonne researchers find that tin is a silicon-friendly alternative for production of solid-state memory components.
Chemical engineers are using the summer staple in testing methods to improve efficiency of diesel engines.
Using a principle called wave-particle duality, the team constructed artificial emitters that spontaneously decay by emitting single atoms, rather than single photons.
The better we understand additive manufacturing — or 3-D printing, the more likely it may revolutionize manufacturing. A recent Argonne paper spots possible ways to reduce powder “spattering,” which can result in defects. This new information could help businesses in many industries.
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland clinical researchers, in conjunction with other sickle cell centers and scientists at Emmaus Life Sciences, Inc., have demonstrated that therapy with L-Glutamine reduced the frequency of pain episodes in both pediatric and adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The results of the 48-week, phase 3 clinical trial are published in the July 19, 2018, issue of New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).
A previously overlooked predator— a thumbnail-sized snail—could be increasing the pressure on coral reefs already weakened by the effects of overfishing, rising ocean temperatures, pollution and other threats.
Scientists studying nucleation often use microscopic droplets as miniature experiments that can run quickly, in parallel, and in a small space. However, these experiments require high-resolution images, limiting the number of droplet images that can be simultaneously processed. Researchers recently overcame this challenge by focusing their measurements on the contrast between droplets and their surrounding medium. This technique, published this week in AIP Advances, provides the most accurate and efficient method for detecting crystal nucleation to date.
A team of scientists from the University of California, Irvine has found evidence of significant mass loss in East Antarctica’s Totten and Moscow University glaciers, which, if they fully collapsed, could add 5 meters (16.4 feet) to the global sea level.
Continuing his groundbreaking p53 studies, the Weizmann Institute of Science’s Prof. Moshe Oren has shown how cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment – in particular, within the fibroblasts – can “brainwash” the p53 gene into helping cancer spread, rather than fighting it.
In 1924, Russian biochemist Alexander Oparin claimed that life developed through chemical changes of organic molecules. The Weizmann Institute’s Prof. Doron Lancet has now made discoveries about lipids that support Oparin’s ideas. Lancet’s findings could also help identify early, lipid-based life forms on other worlds.
Black holes aren’t surrounded by a burning ring of fire after all, suggests new research.
Drug resistance is an all-too-common occurrence in cancer treatment. Now, working with physicians at Chaim Sheba Medical Center, the Weizmann Institute of Science’s Prof. Yossi Yarden has identified a three-drug combo that fends off drug resistance in lung cancer. This is particularly promising, as two of the medications are already in use.
Astronomers using ALMA studied a cataclysmic stellar explosion known as a gamma-ray burst, or GRB, and found its enduring “afterglow.” The rebound, or reverse shock, triggered by the GRB’s powerful jets slamming into surrounding debris, lasted thousands of times longer than expected. These observations provide fresh insights into the physics of GRBs, one of the universe’s most energetic explosions.
A small population of brain cells called "mossy cells" deep in a memory-making region of the brain controls the production of new neurons and may have a role in common brain disorders, according to a study from scientists at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP), in collaboration with the Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS in Rome, have discovered a new disease-specific role of FAP cells in muscle wasting and scarring, indicating a potential new avenue for treating motor neuron diseases.
Mice fed a fattening diet develop new liver circadian rhythms that impact the way fat is accumulated and simultaneously burned. The team found that as liver fat production increases, surprisingly, so does the body’s ability to burn fat. These opposing physiological processes reach their peak activity each day around 5 p.m., illustrating an unexpected connection between overeating, circadian rhythms, and fat accumulation in the liver.
Mind-body therapies – biofeedback, mindfulness, yoga, and hypnosis – provide a promising approach to the very common problem of anxiety in adolescents, according to a review in the March issue of The Nurse Practitioner. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
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