Berkeley Lab scientists have demonstrated a new technique, modeled after a metabolic process found in some bacteria, to convert carbon dioxide into solar fuels through artificial photosynthesis.
In the lake-rich regions of the world, algae blooms are a growing problem. Not only are the floating green scums a nuisance for anyone hoping to enjoy the water, they can turn toxic and threaten public health.The main driver behind these blooms is phosphorus, an element used widely in agriculture to fertilize crops, that can run from the land and into lakes — especially during heavy rains.
Northern peatlands contain one third of the Earth’s soil carbon, making them important for carbon storage. In northern peatlands, carbon losses from soil during the winter can exceed carbon storage during the warm growing season, primarily because of the activity of microbes. To better understand how microbes interact in peatland soils during the winter months, this study incubated Arctic peat soils under winter conditions, then analyzed the microbes to understand how the microbes released carbon dioxide.
Two different swimming styles of a marine animal related to jellyfish let the animal prioritize speed or energy efficiency, depending on its current needs, a team of University of Oregon researchers found. The UO team, led by marine biologist Kelly Sutherland and postdoctoral researcher Kevin Du Clos, report their findings in a paper published Nov. 28 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
For the pieces, Jason Lee, associate professor of sculpture in the West Virginia University College of Creative Arts, stacks logos. Most prints incorporate between 10 and 25 band logos each, some stack more than 30.
Analysis shows steep increases in organ donations, transplantations during large motorcycle rallies. The increase in organ donations and transplantations appears to be driven by well-documented increases in crash-related deaths during large motorcycle rallies.
Researchers have demonstrated a way to entangle atoms to create a network of atomic clocks and accelerometers. The method has resulted in greater precision in measuring time and acceleration.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory created a novel testbed to explore the behavior of electrons in a special class of materials called topological insulators, which could see applications in quantum computing.
State laws designed to prevent dangerous drinking behaviors do not appear to have that effect, according to a study published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. Alcohol exclusion laws allow insurance companies to deny payment for injuries caused by alcohol consumption and were adopted more than seventy years ago to prevent problem drinking and related insurance costs. But a rigorous analysis of drinking behaviors found no evidence that repealing these laws increases alcohol consumption or binge drinking. Previous reports have found these laws to be a barrier to screening and treatment for alcohol issues, resulting in billions of dollars in added healthcare costs.
A team of university researchers have found that soccer crowds are influencing referees’ behaviour.
Nearly 1 in 7 Americans experience bloating on a weekly basis, and most aren’t seeking professional care for it, according to a new study led by Cedars-Sinai investigators. The findings are published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found a biomarker that identifies, with up to 89% accuracy, people with a rare, deadly, untreatable brain disease called corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The biomarker could accelerate efforts to develop treatments for CBD.
Researchers examining the characteristics of picky eaters have found the colour of the bowl food is served in has an influence on taste
New research suggests spinal cord and brainstem are essential for processing touch signals as they travel to the brain
Business leaders, policy makers, and university presidents from APRU, a network of 60 leading research universities from 19 economies around the APEC region, convened at the Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, on 16 November for the APEC University Leaders' Forum (AULF) 2022, under the theme: “Preventing the Next Pandemic.”
As precipitation patterns shift in response to climate change, scientists must understand how this change affects soil viruses. In this study, scientists analyzed DNA viruses in three grassland soils with different historical precipitation patterns: low precipitation from eastern Washington, intermediate precipitation from Kansas, and high precipitation from Iowa. The researchers found that viruses were more diverse and more common in drier soil.
A multi-institution research team has developed an optical chip that can train machine learning hardware.
People who eat or drink more foods with antioxidant flavonols, which are found in several fruits and vegetables as well as tea and wine, may have a slower rate of memory decline, according to a study published in the November 22, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Although blockchain is best known for securing digital currency payments, researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory are using it to track a different kind of exchange: It’s the first time blockchain has ever been used to validate communication among devices on the electric grid.
This Thanksgiving, when the Moraleses think about what they’re thankful for, the Thompsons are at the top of the list.
Though antiretroviral therapy has made HIV a manageable disease, people living with HIV often suffer from chronic inflammation. This can put them at an increased risk of developing comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive dysfunction, impacting the longevity and quality of their lives.
The holidays are a stressful time for many, but that may not be a bad thing when it comes to your brain functioning, according to new research from the Youth Development Institute at the University of Georgia.
Researchers have discovered new properties of tiny magnetic whirlpools called skyrmions. Their pivotal discovery could lead to a new generation of microelectronics for memory storage with vastly improved energy efficiency.
Argonne’s Experimental Operations and Facilities (EOF) division works to enable a broad range of experiments at the laboratory.
Youth suicide rate increased as county levels of mental health professional shortages increased, after adjusting for county demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, according to the first national study to assess this association. The association remained significant for youth suicides by firearms. Findings were published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics.
Subatomic particles’ spin dictates how they propagate, interact, and form bound states. But how proton spin arises from quarks and gluons is a mystery, and experimental measurements of the individual contributions of quark and gluon spin don’t add up to the proton’s total spin. The orbital motion of quarks and gluons in the proton may account for the rest. Theorists have now proposed a way to measure this property using the future Electron-Ion Collider.
Julian Givi, an assistant professor of marketing at the West Virginia University John Chambers College of Business and Economics, has uncovered various mismatches between gift givers and receivers.
Transgender and gender-nonconforming youth are four times more likely to have a sleep disorder compared to cisgender youth, a Michigan Medicine-led study finds. Researchers also found that those who pursued gender-affirming therapy were half as likely to have any sleep disorder than transgender individuals who did not pursue the therapy, suggesting a possible protective effect.
Parents may not always turn to health professionals for vaccine advice – and a small subset could even be avoiding the conversation – a new national poll suggests.
Rapid changes in marine oxygen levels may have played a significant role in driving Earth’s first mass extinction, according to a new study led by Florida State University researchers.
A dietary change could be a key to enhancing colon cancer treatment, a new study from the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center finds. Researchers found in cells and in mice that a low-protein diet blocked the nutrient signaling pathway that fires up a master regulator of cancer growth.
University of Minnesota Twin Cities faculty members Christopher Tignanelli and Ju Sun are co-leading a collaborative study on an artificial intelligence technique called federated learning and how it can be implemented in real-world healthcare settings to improve patient care.
A study published this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC) found that seven major cardiovascular societies were more likely to distribute awards to men and white individuals when compared to women and those who identify as Asian, Hispanic/Latino, and Black.
For many high school football athletes who play on teams in underserved communities, access to athletic trainers or a licensed physician is a rarity but Cedars-Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute Surgeon and Team HEAL (Helping Enrich Athletes' Lives) Founder, Clarence Shields Jr., MD, has been working on a prescription to even that playing field.
Many estimates of how strongly traits and diseases share genetic signals may be inflated, and therefore some genetic correlations that have been attributed to shared biology may instead represent incorrect statistical assumptions.
A new study in mice showed that a slower heart rate may protect against enlargement of the heart, a condition that could become life-threatening if left untreated. The study is published ahead of print in Function.
A new study that harnesses a new form of data on hospital patients' housing status reveals vast differences in diagnoses between patients with and without housing issues who are admitted to hospitals. This includes a sharp divide in care for mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental conditions.
Researchers used electrical pulses to watch nickel oxide undergo two responses, habituation and sensitization, bolstering the case for brain-inspired computing.
NASA’s powerful James Webb Space Telescope has found an unexpectedly rich “undiscovered country” of early galaxies that has been largely hidden until now. Webb is unveiling a very rich universe where the first forming galaxies look remarkably different from the mature galaxies seen around us today. Researchers found two exceptionally bright galaxies that existed approximately 300 and 400 million years after the big bang. Their extreme brightness is puzzling to astronomers. The young galaxies are transforming gas into stars extremely rapidly. They appear compacted in spherical or disk shapes that are much smaller than our Milky Way galaxy. The onset of stellar birth may have started just 100 million years after the big bang, which happened 13.8 billion years ago.
People who have a COVID-19 infection are more likely to develop seizures or epilepsy within the next six months than people who have an influenza infection, according to a study published in the November 16, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
People with neurologic diseases like headache, dementia, multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s disease may experience worsening symptoms due to climate change, according to a scoping review of research published in the November 16, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago’s Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering are developing skin-like electronics paired with artificial intelligence for health monitoring and diagnosis.
The researchers discovered that T-cells recognizing the cardiac antigen α-myosin are the mechanism for this complication, setting the framework to identify biomarkers so at-risk patients can be recognized and medical strategies developed for them to tolerate the immunotherapy. Their findings are reported Nov. 16 in Nature.
New details surrounding the dark cloud L1527 and its protostar have been revealed by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. The nebula’s vibrant colors, only visible in infrared light, show the protostar is in the midst of gathering material on its way to becoming a full-fledged star.
An implantable pump that has the potential to transform brain cancer treatment was found safe and effective in people in a study at Columbia University.
Research finds low-certainty evidence that programs such as emergency rent assistance, legal assistance with waitlist priority for public housing, long-term rent subsidies and homeownership assistance lead to positive health outcomes.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as Keytruda and Opdivo work by unleashing the immune system’s T cells to attack tumor cells. Their introduction a decade ago marked a major advance in cancer therapy, but only 10% to 30% of treated patients experience long-term improvement. In a paper published online today in The Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI), scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine describe findings that could bolster the effectiveness of immune-checkpoint therapy.
Argonne and Oak Ridge national labs have entered into CRADAs with Wabtec, to study hydrogen as an alternative to diesel fuel in the rail industry.
In the fall of 2019 — before the onset of COVID-19 — emergency departments in Illinois experienced a spike in visits from youth ages 5 to 19 with suicidal thoughts or ideas, according to a new study from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago. There was an additional surge in these types of visits during the pandemic, the study found.
Muscle weakness marked by grip strength is associated with accelerated biological age, a new study suggests. Results were found using "age acceleration clocks" based on DNA methylation, a process that provides a molecular biomarker and estimator of the pace of aging. Researchers say this suggests potential to adopt use of grip strength as a way to screen individuals for future risk of functional decline, chronic disease and early mortality.
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