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Released: 13-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
University of Illinois at Chicago Speech Expert Solving Medication Errors
University of Illinois Chicago

University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) researchers are using computer models and psychological testing to help reduce the number of medication errors caused by look-alike and sound-alike medication names.

Released: 13-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Programmed cell death: search accelerates for mechanism underlying cancer, stroke, heart attack
University of Maryland, Baltimore

Sometimes cells are supposed to die. When cells don't die when they are supposed to, the result is cancer. Pathologists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine report research that brings them closer to their goal of understanding the process of programmed cell death, which could lead to development of drugs to cause or prevent it as appropriate.

Released: 13-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Benchmarking Tool Helps Companies Improve Their Innovation Practices
RTI International

Research Triangle Institute has developed a new Internet-based assessment tool to help companies improve how they practice technology innovation. Innovation InsightsTM quantitatively measures how well the technical staff and management: a) listen to customers, b) share ideas & know-how within the company, and c) use outside technology to leverage R&D.

Released: 13-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Vanderbilt University engineers developing robotic insects
Vanderbilt University

Nashville, Tenn. - Two Vanderbilt University mechanical engineering professors are developing a tiny insect-like robot, about a third the size of a credit card, which will have applications for military and intelligence-gathering missions.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
New Rules for Multimarket Trading
Stanford Graduate School of Business

When you trade stock, will it be on the NASDAQ, the NYSE, or the American Stock Exchange? Will it be in New York, London, Tokyo, or perhaps Bangkok or Paris? Electronic market access has made buying and selling the same security in more than one market an increasingly widespread practice both within and across countries, raising the issue of how markets should be regulated as stocks are traded around the clock and around the globe.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Existing data may be overestimating the benefits of investing in emerging stock markets
Stanford Graduate School of Business

In the early 1990s, investors began pouring money into emerging stock markets such as Thailand, Indonesia, and Chile. Market watchers dubbed stocks in these burgeoning markets a "free lunch" because they offered both robust returns and a means to diversify and reduce risk in stock portfolios. These tiny emerging markets did not ride the waves of bourses in developed countries, thereby providing a hedge against drops in larger markets. But the recent dives in Asian stock markets beg the question: Is there ever really a free lunch? Finance professor Geert Bekaert thinks not"”at least not any more.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Symptoms Found That Identify Early-Stage HIV Infection
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Researchers from Johns Hopkins and India find that a simple set of symptoms including fever, joint pain, and night sweats can quickly identify people who recently have been infected with the AIDS virus, even before there is evidence from a blood test. Unprotected sex with a prostitute and a fresh genital ulcer also are tip-offs to recent HIV infection.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Is It the Baked Ham and Eggnog or Something More Serious? Christmas Holidays can Raise the Heartburn Meter
American College of Gastroenterology (ACG)

During the holidays, people often eat foods they know will trigger their heartburn. How can people prevent heartburn and what are the signs that they could have a more serious condition such as gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
New clinical trial aimed at improving treatment for knee injuries
Purdue University

While football players toss the pigskin on the field, physicians are using another part of the pig to tackle a knee injury often associated with sports. Clinical trials begin this month to test a new material derived from pigs' intestins that, when inserted in the human body, may help regenerate damaged tissues.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
The Incredible Shrinking CD gets big squeeze at Uof Minnesota
University of Minnesota

A really compact disk, the size of a penny, that packs as much information as 30 current CDs could be on the horizon if technology developed by Stephen Chou becomes commercialized. The University of Minnesota electrical engineering professor has found a way to store 400 billion bits (or 400 gigabits) of information in a square inch of CD space; this is 800 times the storage capacity of current CDs, which carry only half a gigabit per square inch.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
University of Georgia team compiling first complete map of south Florida's national parks and preserves
University of Georgia

Only one area of the continental U.S. has not been mapped --the Everglades. Now a team from the U.S. Park Service and the University of Georgia are in the final year of a mapping project.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
American Heart Association urges caution on new diet drug
American Heart Association (AHA)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved Meridia (sibutramine), a new diet drug that has chemical properties similar, but not identical, to Redux and fen/phen (Pondimin).

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Size Doesn't Matter When It Comes to a Notice of Admission
Dick Jones Communications

It used to be a rule that a thick envelope from a college was good news and a thin envelope was bad. That's no longer the case. Smaller schools are trying to keep the process as personal as possible.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
A "Novel" Approach to College Preparation
Dick Jones Communications

Many high schools and colleges prepare lists of books and plays that they recommend students read in order to be better prepared for a college curriculum. Here are some suggestions for a literary hot sheet from colleges and universities around the nation.

Released: 12-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Model Shows Certain Gasses Could Stimulate Global Cooling
University of Michigan

New computer modeling suggests that global warming might not be entirely a product of human activity. The research shows that carbon and sulfur emissions can have the reverse effect, serving to cool down the planet.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Got milk ads are working well, ag economist says
Cornell University

Got milk? Yes, you do. Those television commercials in which some poor dupe gets too little milk too late are working well. A Cornell University study to be published in December indicates that thanks to heavy doses of advertising, more and more American consumers are buying fluid milk.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
MSU Study reveals seat belts play only cameo roles in top films
Michigan State University

East Lansing, Mich. -- Someone call Tom Cruise. Based on safety belt use in the top movies of 1996, buckling up on the silver screen seems like "Mission: Impossible."

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Americans are Gettingd More for their Health Care Dollar
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)

Innovative new treatments are reducing the cost of treating specific illnesses while saving more lives and improving the quality of life for patients, according to new research by economists and physicians.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Air could be the Secret to Faster Computers
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)

Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are creating and studying aerogels, substances so porous they are more air than solid material. When used as insulators on computer chips, these porous materials could more than double computing speeds.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
More Than Half of Plastic Surgeons Surveyed Report Insurance Coverage Denial for Patients with Childhood Deformities, Disfigurement
American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)

John Grisham's The Rainmaker is a story about an insurance company that routinely denies coverage for medically necessary procedures. Unfortunately, this scenario doesn't just occur in books and movies. In a recent survey conducted by the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (ASPRS), more than half of plastic surgeons polled reported insurance denial or trouble obtaining coverage of procedures for deformities, disfigurements and congenital defects in children.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Public Prefers Smoke-Free Bars
Boston University

Eliminating smoking in bars would increase business for these establishments, according to a study released Tuesday, December 2 at a New York City press briefing jointly sponsored by the American Medical Association and American Public Health Association. An overwhelming majority of Massachusetts adults - 89 percent - said that they would go out to bars just as often or more often than they do now if all bars were made smoke-free.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
UT Southwestern Researchers Learn How G Proteins Activate Their Enzymes
UT Southwestern Medical Center

Researchers have answered a fundamental question about how G proteins, the cell's message relay switch, coordinate and control signals that determine cell activities. By looking at the crystal structure of one type of G protein (Gs-alpha) bound to its target, an enzyme found in heart tissue, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas scientists also uncovered a possible target for cardiac drugs.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
AMA Supports Insurance Coverage of Children's Deformities; Over Half of Plastic Surgeons Surveyed Report Coverage Denials
American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)

The American Medical Association (AMA) passed a resolution today introduced by the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (ASPRS) and other concerned organizations aimed at ensuring insurance coverage of procedures associated with childhood deformities, disfigurements and congenital defects.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
ORNL DNA biochip provides answers in matter of minutes
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

A new "DNA" biochip developed at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory could revolutionize the way the medical profession performs tests on blood.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Lower party loyalty, newspapers, affect elections
Fairfield University

The decline in political party loyalty and the influence of newspapers versus television are influencing political elections, making the results more volatile than in the past.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Lower Doses of Antipsychotics Lowers Cost, Recidivism
University of Maryland, Baltimore

Treatment using conventional antipsychotics show high rates of recidivism which, in turn, is costly for the system. However, new research from the University of Maryland shows that patients treated with the novel antipsychotic risperidone experienced a lower readmission rate than patients who received conventional antipsychotic treatment.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Biogenic Emissions Higher Than Expected Over African Savanna
National Science Foundation (NSF)

Air-pollution-related hydrocarbon emissions from vegetation are much higher than expected over the African savanna (flat tropical grasslands), while those coming from the rain forests are somewhat lower than prior estimates, according to scientists. The National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded research team is mapping natural and human-caused trace gas emissions across the African continent in a project is called EXPRESSO, the Experiment for Regional Sources and Sinks of Oxidants.

Released: 11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation Receives FDA Clearance to Market Migranal (dihydroergotamine mesylate, USP) Nasal Spray
Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation announced that it has received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to market MigranalÆ (dihydroergotamine mesylate, USP) Nasal Spray for the acute treatment of migraine headache with or without aura.

11-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
3-D Simulation Predicts Earth's Coronal Mass Ejections
University of Michigan

New ultra-high speed computer software can simulate the effects of solar surface eruptions on the Earth's magnetosphere. 3-D models of eruptions are created far faster than real time---meaning the simulation might some day predict the effects of space weather phenomena on Earth in ample time to prepare for them.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Preventing family violence in the armed forces
Cornell University

Cornell university abuse experts have developed programs for the Army and Marines to enhance family stability, promote personal growth and responsibility and prevent family violence.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Enterotoxemia type D vaccination of lambs
Cornell University

Young lambs may not need inoculation against enterotoxemia type D -- otherwise known as "overeating disease" -- until past the age of 6 weeks, according to Cornell University animal scientists.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
New book looks at abusive families
Cornell University

In the new book "Understanding Abusive Families," Cornell University professors of human development James Garbarino and John Eckenrode explore why families become abusive and what it takes to help such families care for their children or, failing that, to protect children from harm.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Babson MBA Students Showcase Product Innovations at Third Annual Product Design Fair
Babson College

Nine teams of three to six students each from the F.W. Olin Graduate School of Business at Babson Colleghe will showcase their product innovations at the College's Third Annual Product Design Fair. Three of last year's designs resulted in a marketable product for the sponsoring company. One of these three designs has also received a patent.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
"Strong, steady" growth predicted for Kentucky's economy in 1998
University of Kentucky

Kentucky's economy is expected to grow by more than 2 percent in 1998, reflecting "steady, moderate to strong will exceed the national economy's performance, a University of Kentucky economist forecasts.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
West Virginia University , FBI Join Forces
West Virginia University - Eberly College of Arts and Sciences

West Virginia University and the Federal Bureau of Investigation have signed a unique agreement that will allow the school to offer the world's first degree programs in forensic identification.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Waiting a month before seeing a doctor is common for those with low incomes
University of North Texas

After noticing a suspicious lump, a persistent sore or a chronic cough, low-income Dallas residents tend to treat themselves, then wait about a month before seeing a physician.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Higher Incomes Decrease Levels of Violence in Abusive Relationships
Colgate University

Improved economic opportunities for women will decrease the level of violence in abusive relationships.So say the results of a recent study, "An Economic Analysis of Domestic Violence," co- authored by Jill Tiefenthaler of Colgate University in Hamilton, NY.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Nonproliferation Satellite Details Lightning Activity
Los Alamos National Laboratory

First results from a satellite launched to advance technology for nuclear weapons detection show thousands times more lightning from thunderstorms than anything previously detected.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
The Ways of the Healers and their Clinical Applications
New York Botanical Garden

Researchers at The New York Botanical Garden are continuing their evaluation of the traditional healing methods of Latino, Chinese, and African cultures for certain women's ailments, in a collaborative study with the Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research in Women's Health at Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons. The current phase of the project focuses on uterine fibroids, a benign tumor composed of fibrous and muscular tissue in the uterine wall.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Investing in the Rain Forest: Living Off the Interest While Preserving the Principal
New York Botanical Garden

Researchers at The New York Botanical Garden are working in a community forestry project in West Kalimantan, Indonesia to invest in the rain forest: developing sustainable ways to exploit forest resources - harvesting only the annual growth, (that is, interest), and safeguarding the basic stock of plant resources, (that is, principal), for the future.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
In the Tropics, traditional agricultural systems yield models for sustainable farming all over the world
New York Botanical Garden

Research Highlights from the New York Botanical Garden - In the tropics, traditional agricultural systems yield models for sustainable farming all over the world.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Neonatal Intensive Care Units Need a Kinder, Gentler Approach to Care of Newborns, USF Research Says
University of South Florida

Glaring lights, harsh noises and disruptive procedures in many neonatal intensive care units can deter the neurological development of tiny newborns and should be subdued, said a University of South Florida researcher who heads a national study examining the effects of the NICU environment on high-risk infants.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Story Ideas from Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Tips from Oak Ridge National Laboratory: 1) Energy - What's Your R-Value? 2) Technology Transfer - The Long Arm Of ORCMT, 3) Environmental Management - Giving Waste The Cold Shoulder, 4) Computing - New 'Super'-Life For Old Computers

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Expect a Slowdown in 1998 Stock Market Returns, UK Economist Says
University of Kentucky

After six years of witnessing remarkable growth in the stock market, investors should be prepared for a weakening market during 1998, University of Kentucky economist Donald J. Mullineaux warned Monday.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Intellectual Capital: no longer just for business
Fairfield University

Leif Edvinsson, the first ever director of Intellectual Capital (at Skandia AFS in Stockholm, Sweden) and the world's leading expert on Intellectual Capital says there are applications for Intellectual Capital beyond business. He is meeting with MBA students at Fairfield University to discuss how Intellectual Capital can be used to improve the communities in which we live.

   
Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Cases of Plant -Induced Alzheimer's Offer New Insights into the Disease
New York Botanical Garden

Parkinson's and Alzheimer's-like diseases are as much a part of the island of Guam as its sandy beaches, emerald sea ... and palm-like trees called cycads. Only recently did scientists discover that the seeds of the cycads, a favorite food of the locals, contain BMAA, a nonprotein amino acid which triggers neurological damages in mammals.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
The Taj Mahal Garden View May Be Restored in All its 17th-Century Glory
New York Botanical Garden

Thanks to the work of ethnobotanists who study the uses of plants by ancient cultures, the garden of the Mughal emperors near the Taj Mahal may bloom again. The Mehtab Bagh or "Moonlight Garden" is a 1000-square-foot garden built around the 17th century on the banks of the Yamuna River in Agra, India. It blossomed across the river from the Taj Mahal, the world- famous mausoleum built in 1632 by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan for his favorite empress.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Scientists Show How We Learn to be Scared of Harmless Things
University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

Research published in the Dec. 11 Nature by Texas and New York scientists hints at ways to uncouple profound emotional associations resulting from things like child abuse, rape or war and offers some of the best support yet for a long-held theory of how we learn.

Released: 10-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
Study Shows Earth Warming Since 1500, Most In Last 100 Years
University of Michigan

A new 300-site survey of borehole temperatures spanning four continents and five centuries has confirmed what most scientists already believe---the Earth is getting warmer and the rate of warming has been accelerating rapidly since 1900.

Released: 9-Dec-1997 12:00 AM EST
New TB Study Shows Stabilization of AIDS Cases After Decade Long Increases
American Thoracic Society (ATS)

After a decade of increases, AIDS-related TB appears to be stabilizing.



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