New research reverses the unflattering picture of the Y chromosome and reveals it as a crucial player in the evolution of sex chromosomes and also as a safe haven for male fertility genes.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago and Northwestern University medical schools have published new findings in the Oct. 23 New England Journal of Medicine that challenge the genetic concept of race as it relates to birth weight.
Cornell University will direct a $154 millon mission to conduct close-proximity comet fly-bys scheduled for launch early in the next century.
Through the leadership of the University of California, San Diego, a new consortium of twelve prestigious academic libraries in the Pacific Rim has been formed to facilitate access to scholarly research materials through various digital networks.
University of Massachusetts biochemistry professor Anne Simon watches the hit TV show "The X-Files" with particular interest. Simon is a science consultant to the show's creator and executive producer, Chris Carter.
"The notion of the individual as the sole source of success creates a winner-loser mentality, and it creates a need to scapegoat the so-called losers," the Yale child psychiatrist says. "This fuels racism and ethnic tensions.
An evidence-detection system that makes organic residues appear to blink will allow investigators to locate potential evidence such as fingerprints, semen and urine more quickly and in a lighted room if necessary.
How do you approach your benefits manager about getting a dental plan? CIGNA Dental provideds tips for 50 percent of Americans without dental coverage.
Approximately 170 million Americans will be electing a dental plan in November. CIGNA Dental offers tips on choosing the right plan.
A study of more than 600 smokers found that use of an antidepressant drug called bupropion was a significant aid in helping subjects stop smoking. The study also found that the drug lessened the problem of weight gain among some study participants.
Tomorrow's Journal of the American Medical Association will announce the results of a new clinical trial showing an extract of the Ginko bilboa plant to be safe and effective in improving the mental performance and social functioning of patients. The JAMA study was a 52 week, randomized, double-blind study using 309 patients with Alzheimer disease and dementia
Research at The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center may help reduce the estimated 1.6 million deaths attributed each year to the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
Shakespeare vividly described sleep disorders affecting his characters centuries before the public and medical professionals recognized these common, often treatable problems, according to a Los Angeles neurologist and sleep disorder specialist.
Growers who follow U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rules in applying sewage sludge as fertilizer to their land may be inadvertantly endangering human health, the environment and the future productivity of their own crops, an analysis by the Cornell Waste Management Institute has found.
Despite 27 low-temperature records falling throughout the Northeast in September, the average temperatures for the month were not far from normal, making this the 30th coolest September in the last 103 years of records, according to the Northeast Regional Climate Center at Cornell University.
When Martha Stevens earned a degree in civil engineering in 1897, she became the first woman to graduate from Purdue University with an engineering degree. Today the picture has changed dramatically, due in part to Purdue's pioneering efforts to attract and retain female engineering students ã efforts that are now used as a model for other universities.
ATHENS, Ga. -- A team of researchers at the University of Georgia are the first to determine that the hormone leptin causes the programmed death of fat cells rather than simply reducing them in size.
Women who have worked as hairdressers are at higher risk of developing a rare form of cancer than the general population, according to a recent Michigan State University study.
National Center for Atmospheric Research scientists are turning commercial aircraft into in-flight "sensing platforms" to measure and report turbulence. United Airlines will deploy the software on more than 200 aircraft over the next six months. The data will go into turbulence forecasts to help pilots steer clear of bumpy air.
As the number of women who are experiencing menopause triples, the demand for more effective treatment of symptoms such as mood changes is also expected to increase. To address this situation, a psychiatrist at Yale University School of Medicine has launched a major series of studies on mood disorders and menopausal women that may offer relief for some symptoms of menopause.
Peter Selwyn, M.D., M.P.H., associate director of the AIDS program and associate professor of medicine at Yale University, is one of 12 physicians to receive the Faculty Scholars Award from the Open Society Institute's Project on Death in America (PDIA). Dr. Selwyn joins a total of 38 scholars from 25 medical schools and 35 medical institutions in the U.S. and Canada, who have been honored with PDIA Faculty Scholars Awards in the past.
The Stanford University School of Medicine has become the home for a NASA-sponsored national biocomputation center in which researchers will apply complex computing skills to the practice of medicine.
Gynecologic Oncology, Journal for the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists, Reports Findings That Additional Test Has Limited Clinical Benefits
A variant of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene known as apoe-4 has been shown to be a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease in several ethnic and racial groups, including Caucasians, African Americans, Hispanics and Japanese. Leading a collaborative effort of hundreds of scientists around the world, researchers at Boston University School of Medicine report their conclusion in the Oct. 22 issue of JAMA. The paper, which studied the impact of the apoE gene on age and sex as well as race and ethnicity in approximately 6,000 Alzheimer's Disease patients and 8,600 non-demented controls, helps clarify the importance this gene plays in causing Alzheimer's.
Four independent research studies involving a combined total of more than 22,000 women debunk the misconception that labor epidural analgesia increases a woman's risk of having a cesarean section delivery (c-section).
The combination of all-natural ingredients in the nutritional supplement LipoGuardô was found to reduce total cholesterol levels by 11 percent, according to results of a clinical study published in this month's issue of the Journal of the National Medical Association.
New research could offer help for the thousands of sufferers with sickle cell anemia. Nitric oxide (NO), a gas that has been used successfully to treat certain lung ailments, may have another application--the "unsickling" of sickled cells.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded grants for two long-term studies of urban ecology, representing the first attempts ever made to study the long-term ecology of urban environments.
A Johns Hopkins paleobiologist has uncovered clues that the horses (and camels and rhinos) that roamed North America millions of years ago went extinct because of climate change that radically changed their food supply. This new understanding of the extinctions is relevant to today's discussions of global warming.
Experts at the University of Illinois at Chicago have pioneered a new procedure to repair the skulls of persons who have undergone brain surgery or have suffered serious head trauma, including gunshot wounds.
A dozen widely diverse research and instructional projects--spanning the arts, humanities and social sciences to engineering, natural sciences and environmentl studies -- will benefit from a new $2.4 million gift of computing equipment and other resources from Intel Corp. to the University of California, San Diego.
Alvin J. Glasky, Ph.D., president and CEO of NeoTherapeutics, Inc., will present research findings on AIT-082, a potential new therapy for the treatment of memory impairments associated with Alzheimer's disease, stroke and spinal cord injuries, at the Society for Neuroscience annual meeting in New Orleans, LA.
Vaccinations may ultimately take their place beside leeches in medical history if promising methods of inserting DNA into animal tissues works out.
Information technology plays an increasingly important role in our lives through its impact on work, commerce, scientific and engineering research, education and social interaction. Technology developed for the "typical" user, however, may inadvertantly create barriers for people with disabilities. The World Wide Web currently presents many such barriers.
Sandy Madison hopes to increase the percentage of young women she sees in her introductory computer class at University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point. She is designing a summer program for high school teachers and girls with the help of a National Science Foundation (NSF)grant. The 1999 change from Pascal to C++ programming language for high school advanced placement (AP) computer science tests means that most AP teachers nationwide will need training in C++ and associated teaching techniques. The American shad can detect high-frequency sounds, an adaptation that may allow the fish to escape its principal predator, dolphins.
LSU astronomers studying gamma-ray bursts have developed a sensor that can be used for such diverse things as detecting lead in paint or tumors in mammograms.
Emergency Diagnostic and Treatment Units (EDTUs) may offer an alternative to inpatient hospitalization for adults suffering from a reversible disease such as acute asthma. The study, funded by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), shows that most EDTU patients had clinical outcomes equivalent to the inpatients, overall lower costs, greater patient satisfaction and an improved quality of life.
Osteoporosis -- the loss of bone calcium -- is a problem most women face after menopause. But recent studies by LSU researchers show that swimming may be a key to keeping bones strong.
The Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) announces the first set of topics it has assigned to its 12 Evidence-based Practice Centers (EPCs). The findings will be published as evidence reports or technology assessments, which will form the basis of other organizations' guidelines, quality improvement projects, and purchasing decisions.
A new fabric being developed by LSU researchers promises to be as soft and absorbent as cotten but as wrinkle-resistant as polyester.
Predicting weather patterns caused by El Nino is more an art than a science, but there are a number of things we do know.
Americans are increasingly recognizing the value of therapeutic massage, according to a national survey being released today in conjunction with the first-ever National Massage Therapy Awareness Week, Oct. 19-25, sponsored by the American Massage Therapy Association.
I congratulate the 1997 Nobel Laureates in science. This honor is fitting tribute to their remarkable achievements and, in the case of four of them, to the foresight of the American public which supported their work.
The largest study ever to examine the prevalence of thyroid disease found that 11.7 percent of the study participants had abnormal thyroid function, yet only one percent of the total population were receiving treatment.
Emerging management technologies such as data warehouses, call centers, and specialized web sites are converging with the increased globalization of business to revolutionize customer relationships, finds UT Austin and businesspartner Andersen Consulting. Businesses in great need of leaders who understand the trends and can deploy the right technologies to identify, build, and maintain profitable customer relationships can now look to the first ever Center for Customer Insight, located at the Texas Business School.
Parents wanting to help their children adjust to life's stresses may want to turn down the noise in their home, says a Purdue University professor of psychological sciences.
What do landscape architects, zookeepers, food technologists and forest rangers have in common? Chances are it's a degree in agriculture. A strong and varied job market is getting some of the credit for the increasing number of students signing up for classes in Purdue University's School of Agriculture.
Doctors can face an ethical dilemma when patients request screening tests - such as those for breast cancer and prostate cancer - that may be ill-advised under certain circumstances. Four authors explore that predicament in the article "Ethical Considerations in the Provision of Controversial Screening Tests," in the current issue of the Archives of Family Medicine.
A tell-tale genetic defect that has been identified in the thyroid cancers of children exposed to radiation from the Chernobyl disaster may lead to a better understanding of the precise role of radiation in the type and incidence of the disease in the United States, according to researchers at the American Thyroid Association (ATA) meeting.
The University of Michigan's Comprehensive Cancer Center is launching a statewide network of interactive computer kiosks to link residents with up-to-date health information. The $1 million project, was funded by proceeds from the state tobacco tax. The highly interactive system is the first health-related project of its kind in the nation.
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