People with high blood pressure are three times less likely to take their medications regularly if they have caretaking responsibilities for children or other relatives, says Marie Krousel-Wood, a researcher at Tulane University. Additionally, people who feel they can't see a doctor when they need to are two times more likely to report poor adherence to prescribed medicines.
Infants born to mothers who took ACE inhibitors during the first trimester of pregnancy had an increased risk of major congenital malformations compared with infants whose mothers didn't take these drugs. This is particularly important for a woman taking ACE inhibitors before she or her doctor knows that she is pregnant.
Sexual health experts at Indiana University reflect on the successes and challenges encountered in the battle against AIDS.
Exposure to pesticides crosses the generations, according to a new University of Florida study that finds daughters of mothers who lived near areas of heavy agricultural spraying may be unable to nurse their children.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have uncovered a surprising and novel way of lowering blood sugar levels in mice by manipulating the release of sugar by liver cells. The results, published in the June issue of Cell Metabolism, have implications for treating conditions like diabetes.
A federally funded team of researchers including several from Johns Hopkins have identified six regions of the human genome that might play a role in susceptibility to obsessive compulsive disorder, or OCD.
Studies consistently show an elevated risk of death for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with mortality rate rising "exponentially" as the level of kidney function declines, reports a review in the July Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
COX enzymes interact physically to form a previously unrecognized biochemical partnership and function in the development of blood vessels in a mouse model, which suggests new biological, developmental, and therapeutic roles.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia is launching an ambitious program to identify the genes responsible for common childhood diseases. Making use of advanced automated technology, the Hospital's new Center for Applied Genomics will house one of the world's largest programs for genotyping"”the process of detecting gene variations, with the aim of linking them to particular illnesses.
Researchers have discovered that a drug used to treat tuberculosis apparently cures patients of a Parkinson's-like illness suffered by thousands of mineworkers, welders and others exposed to high levels of the metal manganese.
In 2004, almost 12 million cosmetic procedures were performed in the United States, a 44% increase from 2003. Choices of procedures abound, and you can find many articles and brochures describing them. But much of this information comes from the marketing departments of businesses trying to sell you their services. Reliable, objective information isn't easy to come by...
Two board members of the Society for Women's Health Research, the nation's pioneering organization for research on health differences between the sexes, have helped federal agencies develop a Web-based course to teach researchers, clinicians, and teachers the basics about major physiological differences between women and men and the impact these differences have on health.
Adding whole-brain radiation therapy to highly-focused radiation therapy does not improve survival for patients with cancer and brain metastases, but it may reduce the likelihood of the recurrence of brain metastases, according to a study in the June 7 issue of JAMA.
Pre-menopausal African American women have a higher prevalence of basal-like breast tumors than post-menopausal African American and non-African American women, which could contribute to their poorer prognosis, according to a study in the June 7 issue of JAMA.
A program that includes having chest x-rays performed in the nursing home reduced the number of nursing home residents hospitalized because of pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections, according to a study in the June 7 issue of JAMA.
Who says the 70's are over. Doctors at the University of Virginia Health System are using technology developed in the disco era to invent a new diagnostic test for clogged leg arteries.
Left untreated, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can enlarge and rupture, causing intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage and permanent brain damage. They are detected most frequently in young adults, often as a result of a seizure or brain hemorrhage. Preventing the rupture of vascular malformations is one of the major reasons that early neurosurgical treatment is recommended for AVMs.
Undergraduates invent less intrusive and potentially safer chest closure system for heart surgery.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) researchers at Stanford University have found that they can increase bone mass in mice by tweaking the shape of a regulatory protein. That protein, NFATc1, or other proteins that regulate its activity might make good targets for drugs to treat osteoporosis.
ODC Therapy, Inc., a cancer immunotherapy company started by Baylor Health Care System, announced today that data from an ongoing Phase 2 trial of its dendritic cell vaccine for the treatment of metastatic melanoma were presented Sunday, June 4 at the 2006 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Atlanta.
Chronic pain awareness is up due to sharp increase in amputations in Iraq. Phantom limb pain is similar to neuropathic pain from shingles, open-heart surgery and spinal chord injury. Alberta researchers found peripheral nerves close to the injury site are probably key, increasing chances of therapy.
The first study to assess the benefits of naps for medical residents during extended shifts found that although sleep time increased by only about one hour, interns felt that even small gains in sleep led to substantial improvements in fatigue, sleep quality and ability to care for patients.
A seldom-studied mental illness called Intermittent Explosive Disorder, characterized by recurrent episodes of angry and potentially violent outbursts"”seen in cases of road rage or spousal abuse"”has been found to be much more common than previously thought. Depending upon how broadly it is defined, this disorder affects as many as 7.3 percent of adults, or 16 million Americans, in their lifetimes.
About three-fourths of children who are diagnosed with autism at age 2 years appear to have the condition at age 9 years, according to a report in the June issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Student distress is common in Minnesota medical schools "” 45 percent report they feel burned out "” and personal life events in the last 12 months appear to be especially powerful in contributing to burnout, according to the first formal study of burnout in American medical students.
Every year children are seriously injured and killed when they're hit by a vehicle backing out of a driveway. But a child is up to 2 and a half times more likely to be backed over by a minivan or truck than by a car, according to a University of Utah study.
Researchers in the largest study to date of female heart failure patients who underwent a specialized stress test called oxygen uptake or VO2 -- concluded that women tend to have lower maximum exercise VO2 levels than men, yet their survival is significantly better than men. The results suggest that instead of one standard cut-off level in VO2 test results for both men and women, perhaps there should be a lower cut-off level for women.
Promising findings were reported today showing that the combination of thalidomide and dexamethasone (Thal/Dex) when used as initial therapy for multiple myeloma, slowed disease progression almost two-fold compared to dexamethasone alone.
Raloxifene and tamoxifen are both effective in reducing the risk of invasive breast cancer, but each has potential disease and quality of life side effects that women and their physicians will need to consider, according to two reports and an editorial published online June 5 by JAMA.
From the beginning, arteries and veins are different in the way they branch into vascular networks, say Dartmouth heart researchers. They have identified a new defect limited to arterial development.
A national survey of 17,000 adolescents finds that racial differences in teens' exercise levels may come, in part, from the schools they attend, and that the picture differs for girls versus boys. The findings, published in the June issue of Pediatrics, could change how health professionals approach adolescent obesity.
Virtually all U.S. newborns have "heel stick" tests to identify rare metabolic disorders before they cause irreversible damage. But as more disorders are added to the screening, false-positive results are on the rise. A study in the June issue of Pediatrics finds that these results can have negative effects on families, even after the baby proves negative on retesting.
HIV infection is significantly more common among non-Hispanic blacks than it is among any other young adult racial or ethnic group in the United States, according to the first study drawn from the nation's general youth population.
As part of the effort to develop effective behavioral and medical sleep therapies, scientists consider the potential for dependence and abuse associated with prescription sleep drugs. This line of research has produced findings showing [news] that a recently approved prescription sleep drug may spare users the potential for dependence and abuse found with other sleep aids.
Using a "clot buster" drug normally reserved for treating patients during a heart attack, emergency room doctors were able to double the number of patients who could be revived from cardiac arrest. This sudden loss of heart function occurs in more than 260,000 people a year nationwide "“ and at least 93 percent of them die.
Building on their earlier discovery which found that elevated levels of the sFlt1 placental protein leads to the onset of preeclampsia, researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), in collaboration with a research team from The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, have identified a second protein which, in combination with sFlt1, escalates preeclampsia to a severe "“ and life-threatening -- state.
Researchers found that they could eliminate the rewarding effect of cocaine on mice by genetically manipulating a key target of the drug in the animal's brain. While the researchers aren't suggesting that these genetic modifications be made in humans, the work brings to light the key protein that controls cocaine's effects in the body, which may help scientists develop medications for human addicts.
A new Ohio State University Medical Center study debunks the widely held belief that engaging in sexual intercourse during the final weeks of pregnancy can hasten labor and delivery.
Doctors in New England have discovered that patients receiving accelerated-partial breast radiation therapy using a balloon brachytherapy system after lumpectomy for breast cancer can develop seroma, the retaining of fluid, in their breast which can require aspiration or make monitoring them by physical exam more difficult.
A study showing that gene therapy may provide some benefit to certain older X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID) patients, who remain significantly immunodeficient after bone marrow transplantation, will be presented on Saturday, June 3 at the 9th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Gene Therapy (ASGT) in Baltimore.
New research is shedding light on the ongoing controversy over whether antidepressant medications help depressed children and adolescents"”and how the benefits compare to the risk of suicidal impulses and attempts, reports the June issue of the Harvard Mental Health Letter.
Panic disorder is fairly common, and can cause frightening symptoms, according to a review by a University of Washington psychiatrist in the New England Journal of Medicine. But even though it can be hard to diagnose, panic disorder is treatable and most patients can be cured in a few weeks.
Ventricular fibrillation, the life-threatening disordered heart rhythms that may accompany full cardiac arrest, occurs more frequently in children than commonly believed, according to a large national pediatric study. Furthermore, not all VF is the same. Survival outcomes are better when VF is the initial heart rhythm detected at the start of cardiac arrest, but not when it develops later.
Research involving more than 7,000 older women found that those who drink a moderate amount of alcohol have slightly higher levels of mental function than non-drinkers, particularly in verbal abilities, according to researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center and colleagues.
If a deadly bird flu reaches the U.S., which would you choose: To get a risky vaccine now, or face an even greater risk of dying in the epidemic? What would you choose for your child, or your community? A new study probes how we make such tricky decisions, and how our decisions might change if we put ourselves in the shoes of others.
Researchers have shown substantial evidence linking pregnancy, mode of delivery and the occurrence of a pelvic floor disorder, such as incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse. The results demonstrated that women who delivered vaginally suffered higher rates of pelvic floor disorders than women who underwent Cesarean sections or never gave birth.
The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) is now home to three brand new, state-of-the-art, high powered MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) systems. The combination of the three units is a "Radiology First" for any hospital in the United States, which is especially fitting since HUP was the first hospital to get and use an MRI back in 1984.
The Honourable Tony Clement, Canadian Minister of Health has announced the recipients of 20 Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) health research grants worth over $14 million to study health inequalities faced by children, rural and northern youth, seniors, and aboriginal peoples.
Researchers funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA) have identified an unsuspected role of a protein named SHP-1 that could constitute a new therapeutic path against Type 2 Diabetes.
As the world marks the 25th year since the first diagnosed case of AIDS, groundbreaking research by scientists at Florida State University in Tallahassee, Fla., has produced remarkable three-dimensional images of the virus and the protein spikes on its surface that allow it to bind and fuse with human immune cells.
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