New research suggests that a molecule commonly found “decorating” brain cells in higher animals, including humans, may affect brain structure. The study showed that small changes made in how sialic acid attaches to cell surfaces can cause damaged brain structure, poor motor skills, hyperactivity and learning difficulties in mice.
Researchers reveal how cells in the peripheral nervous system degrade myelin after nerve injury, a process that fails to occur in the central nervous system. The results could provide new targets for manipulating demyelination in injury and disease.
Other topics include memories and protein, physics and gas mileage, agriculture and food safety, vaccine for Dengue, retinoblastoma proteins in cancer progression, and more.
Sylvia Hernando became a Community Health Worker (CHW) because she wanted to help others. Hernando had been a stay-at-home mother and was looking to go back to school when she heard about the CHW certification program at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health.
To protect consumers from foodborne illness, produce farmers should wait 24 hours after a rain or irrigating their fields to harvest crops,
Why does summer gas cost more (but get you better mileage?) Why does accelerating use more gas than driving at a steady speed? Argonne transportation engineer Steve Ciatti talks about the science behind gas mileage.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have discovered a new method for culturing stem cells which sees the highly therapeutic cells grow faster and stronger.
A review article published on the journal Oncotarget focusing on RB role in apoptosis provides a comprehensive overview on the role of RB proteins in the coordinated control of cell decisions.
Stephen O’Rourke, professor of pharmaceutical sciences at North Dakota State University, Fargo, has received a $435,000 grant from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health to conduct cardiovascular research.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University and the National University of Singapore have determined the structure of a human monoclonal antibody which, in an animal model, strongly neutralizes a type of the potentially lethal dengue virus.
MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center was the first hospital in the Washington metropolitan region to implant the newly approved WATCHMAN™ Device. The new device is designed to prevent stroke in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation who are seeking an alternative to blood-thinning medication. Blood thinners are effective in reducing the risk of stroke for patients with A-fib, but many cannot tolerate these medications because of the risk of bleeding. The WATCHMAN device, which resembles a tiny umbrella, is used to close off a pouch on the left side of the heart, which is believed to be the source of the majority of stroke-causing blood clots.
Research from Eric Kandel’s lab has uncovered further evidence of a system in the brain that persistently maintains memories for long periods of time.
Other topics include neurology, obesity, statins, and the risks of wearing high heels.
The "placebo effect" is often described as events that occur when patients show improvement from treatments that contain no active ingredients. A "Perspectives" article in the July 2 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine proposes that placebo effects be more broadly defined to reflect their role as a valuable component of medical care.
A new study showing the negative effects of prolonged high heel use confirms expert consensus on the footwear, according to a UNC Charlotte expert.
Researcher Bin Guo at North Dakota State University, Fargo, is receiving a four-year $1.35 million research project grant from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health to develop a targeted treatment for colorectal cancer.
Light switches for neurons have made enormous contributions to brain research by giving investigators access to “on switches” for brain cells. But, finding “off switches” has been much more challenging. Addressing the challenge, biochemists in the Center for Membrane Biology at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) discovered a new family of light-activated proteins that work as “off switches.”
The Wayne State University School of Medicine and Detroit Receiving Hospital of the Detroit Medical Center will serve as a site for a national study that will develop new guidelines for patients released from the emergency room after treatment for suspected acute heart failure symptoms.
Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have discovered that histones are steadily replaced in brain cells throughout life
In the first randomized trial to look at statin effects on behavior, researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine report that aggressive behavior typically declined among men placed on statins (compared to placebo), but typically increased among women placed on statins.
New research using data from the reputable Look AHEAD study suggests doctors may want to look at results from a patient’s first two months of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) to help predict his or her long-term success. These secondary analyses conducted by Unick and colleagues published in the July issue of Obesity, the scientific journal of The Obesity Society examined the association between initial weight loss (first two months of treatment) and long-term weight loss (eight years after initial treatment).
Other topics include; do x-rays really cause cancer? And more.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have discovered a cell signaling pathway that appears to exert some control over initiation and progression of colorectal cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. A key protein in the pathway also appears to be predictive of cancer survival rates.
Studies purporting to show that radiation from X-rays, CT scans and other medical imaging causes cancer have been widely reported. But such studies have serious flaws, including their reliance on an unproven statistical model, according to a recent article in the journal Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.
Michael Allen Pulsipher, MD, will join the Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and the Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles as head of the Section of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (BMT) and as BMT clinical research chair, effective July 1, 2015. In addition, Pulsipher will be a professor of Pediatrics at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California (USC) and a Member of the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center.
Roswell Park Cancer Institute will provide clinical consultations and training for staff at Lakeshore Cancer Center, Lagos, Nigeria, through an affiliation announced today.
The University of Georgia's Lynn Bailey led a comprehensive study on folate, an essential B vitamin required for DNA synthesis and normal growth and development. The paper, published in the Journal of Nutrition, includes 18 authors and represents a consensus of the top folate scientists globally.
Kevin Roth, MD, PhD, has been named chair of the P&S Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and pathologist-in-chief at NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, effective September 1, 2015.
As floodwaters surge along major rivers in the midwestern United States, a new study from Washington University in St. Louis suggests federal agencies are underestimating historic 100-year flood levels on these rivers by as much as five feet, a miscalculation that has serious implications for future flood risks, flood insurance and business development in an expanding floodplain.
People with blue eyes might have a greater chance of becoming alcoholics, according to a unique new study by genetic researchers at the University of Vermont.
Other topics include; grape seed oil to reduce obesity, gender differences in chronic pain, workplace wellness, healthcare in rural Africa after Ebola, cancer treatment, and finding a cure for MERS.
Researchers in the Department of Physics at the University of North Florida and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were recently awarded a three-year collaborative research grant totaling nearly $500,000 by the National Science Foundation to advance research in the fields of nanotechnology and nanoscience.
While cannabis alters the functions of neurobiological circuits controlling appetite, its effect on weight gain is complex since several factors appear to be involved, says Didier Jutras-Aswad, University of Montreal professor and researcher at the CHUM Research Centre.
As Liberia rebuilds a health care system decimated by the 2014 Ebola outbreak, understanding precisely how far citizens live from health facilities and its impact on seeking care can help shape new strategies to improve health care delivery and reduce geographic disparities.
Consumption of sugary drinks may lead to an estimated 184,000 adult deaths each year worldwide, according to research published today in the journal Circulation and previously presented as an abstract at the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention in 2013.
As the South Korean MERS outbreak continues, researchers have discovered and validated two therapeutics that show early promise in preventing and treating the disease, which can cause severe respiratory symptoms, and has a death rate of 40 percent.
The Academy for Eating Disorders has joined with significant national and international medical associations opposing a proposed Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) policy interpretation that would allow employers to inquire about employees’ private genetic or medical data. Such requested information is unrelated to an employee’s ability to do his or her job and penalizes the employee who chooses to keep this information private. A letter expressing grave concern about the interpretation, and signed by 68 organizations, was sent to the EEOC.
The enzyme PI3K appears to be exploited in almost every type of human cancer, making it the focus of considerable interest as a therapeutic target. However, PI3K inhibitors have only shown modest clinical activity. Now, new research The Wistar Institute shows that treatment with PI3K inhibitors alone may actually make a patient’s cancer even worse by promoting more aggressive tumor cell behavior and increasing the cancer’s potential of spreading to other organs.
the University of Chicago will launch a free online course this summer for its alumni and the public. Randal C. Picker, AB’80, AM’82, JD’85, the James Parker Hall Distinguished Service Professor of Law and senior fellow at the Computation Institute, will lead a course that explores the complex and sometimes adversarial relations between law and modern technology.
Male and female mice use different immune cells to process chronic pain, indicating that different therapies for different genders could better target the problem.
Most of the seeds and skin from grapes used for wine production winds up in waste streams. But UF/IFAS scientists have found that the oil extracted from Muscadine grape seeds produces a form of Vitamin E, which can help reduce fat.
In the human body, small wounds are easily treated by the body itself, requiring no further care. For bigger wounds to be healed, the body may need outside assistance. Concrete is like a living body, in that it can self-heal its own small wounds (cracks) as an intrinsic characteristic.
Other topics include resurgence of whales off southern California, treating chronic kidney disease, and a breakthrough in a heart-specific type of stem cell.
Experts have identified new strategies for using electronic health records (EHRs) to treat patients with chronic kidney disease. These recommendations may help clinicians and hospitals better manage individual patients with chronic conditions and identify groups of patients most likely to benefit from different treatment strategies.
A new study led by researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego indicates a steady population trend for blue whales and an upward population trend for fin whales in Southern California.
Future therapies for failing hearts are likely to include stem-like cells and associated growth factors that regenerate heart muscle. Scientists have just taken an important step towards that future by identifying a stem-like “progenitor” cell that produces only heart muscle cells.
The relentless flow of a glacier may seem unstoppable, but a team of researchers from the United Kingdom and the U.S. has shown that during some calving events—when an iceberg breaks off into the ocean—the glacier moves rapidly backward and downward, causing the characteristic glacial earthquakes which until now have been poorly understood.
A new study by UCLA scientists has found that women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with a one-week regimen of partial breast radiation after the surgical removal of the tumor, or lumpectomy, saw no increase in cancer recurrence or difference in cosmetic outcomes compared to women who received radiation of the entire breast for a period of up to six weeks after surgery. The study is one of the largest ever done on partial breast irradiation.
While today’s U.S. Supreme Court decision in King. V. Burwell settles the legal debate on the lawfulness of federal tax subsidies for individuals enrolled in federal health insurance exchanges, many problems with the Affordable Care Act (ACA) remain. Far from the last word on healthcare reform, the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) are redoubling their efforts to work with Congress to move forward and fix the shortcomings of the health reform law.
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