Researchers at the Monell Center have identified a protein that is critical to the ability of mammals to smell. Mice engineered to be lacking the Ggamma13 protein in their olfactory receptors were functionally anosmic – unable to smell. The findings may lend insight into the underlying causes of certain smell disorders in humans.
Epilepsy that does not respond to drugs can be halted in adult mice by transplanting a specific type of cell into the brain, UC San Francisco researchers have discovered, raising hope that a similar treatment might work in severe forms of human epilepsy.
A University of Iowa study shows that older people can put off the aging of their minds by playing a simple game that primes their processing speed skills. The research showed participants' cognitive skills improved in a range of functions, from improving peripheral vision to problem solving. Results published in the journal PLOS One.
Researchers identify Peli1 as pivotal actor in animal model of multiple sclerosis.
Quickly recognizing the signs of stroke and seeking immediate medical care from stroke specialists can minimize the effects of the disease or even save a life. Stroke is the fourth-leading cause of death in the United States and the No. 1 cause of adult disability. Nearly 20 percent of strokes occur in people younger than age 55.
Researchers describe their study regarding the use of high-resolution diffusion MRI to evaluate the microstructure of the cranial nerves, and how it offers exciting possibilities to further the understanding of the pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia and, ultimately, improve available treatments.
While the search continues for the Fountain of Youth, researchers may have found the body’s “fountain of aging”: the brain region known as the hypothalamus. For the first time, scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University report that the hypothalamus of mice controls aging throughout the body. Their discovery of a specific age-related signaling pathway opens up new strategies for combating diseases of old age and extending lifespan. The paper was published today in the online edition of Nature.
Results from a recent study show the urinary levels of hepatocyte growth factor could serve as a biomarker capable of detecting the presence of arteriovenous malformations.
Research findings show human central nervous system stem cells foster myelin formation following HuCNS-SC transplantation.
Papers presented in pair of leading neurosurgical journals reveal interesting new findings on dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa®) and intracranial hemorrhage.
Results highlight the effective use of nerve transfer in patients suffering from brachial plexus injuries for reconstruction of elbow flexion to help improve their quality of life.
Results show positive impact that bone marrow stromal cell therapy can have for those suffering from certain types of traumatic brain injuries.
Researchers present impressive findings detailing how the use of brain-machine interfaces and robotic prosthetic arms may help those suffering from upper-limb paralysis or amputation regain the ability to grasp and manipulate objects.
The precise cause(s) of Parkinson's Disease is unknown, but there is consensus that an inflammatory event or episode is involved in the initiation of neurodegeneration. A study by Texas researchers has brought the understanding of inflammation's role a step further.
Overall importance of microglia in various brain and spinal cord diseases surprises researchers, who find patient-specific stem cells can be turned into microglia, which could be very useful in future treatment options.
Results suggest that intervention with deep brain stimulation may help modify behavior and treat psychiatric or addictive disorders.
The largest study to date finds that eating foods that contain omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, chicken and salad dressing and avoiding saturated fats, meat and dairy foods may be linked to preserving memory and thinking abilities. However, the same association was not found in people with diabetes. The research is published in the April 30, 2013, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
A UAB study suggests that the Mediterranean diet, which urges consuming foods that contain omega-3 fatty acids found in fish, chicken and salad dressing, and avoiding saturated fats, meat and dairy foods, may be linked to preserving memory and thinking abilities.
Trial study reveals delivery approach could be helpful in therapy of ALS, as well as other traumatic spine-related issues.
When comparing spinal fusions done with and without bone morphogenic protein, Researchers find no statistical difference in operative non-union rates.
Neuroscientists at UB’s Hunter James Kelly Research Institute show how turning down synthesis of a protein improves nerve, muscle function in common neuropathy.
A new study shows how the strength and timing of competing molecular signals during brain development has generated natural and presumably adaptive differences in a brain region known as the telencephalon -- much earlier than scientists had previously believed.
A protein known to be a key player in the development of Parkinson’s disease is able to enter and harm cells in the same way that viruses do, according to a Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine study.
Scientists from The Scripps Research Institute, Florida campus; Columbia University and the University of Florida, Gainesville, have developed a novel strategy to isolate and characterize a substantial number of RNAs transported from the cell-body of neuron to the synapse, the small gap separating neurons that enables cell to cell communication.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have described a missing link in understanding how damage to the body’s cellular power plants leads to Parkinson’s disease and, perhaps surprisingly, to some forms of heart failure.
About one-third of patients suffer depression following a stroke, and depression in turn increases the risk of stroke. Antidepressant medications known as SSRIs are effective when given to stroke patients as a preventive measure.
Research Identifies Potential Therapeutic Targets for Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (LOAD) By Revealing a Network of Genes Involved in the Inflammatory Response.
The teenage years may be a key period of vulnerability related to living in the “stroke belt” when it comes to future stroke risk, according to a new study published in the April 24, 2013, online issue of 2TUNeurologyUP®P2T, the medical journal of the 2TUAmerican Academy of NeurologyU2T.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in a precise region of the brain appears to reduce caloric intake and prompt weight loss in obese animal models, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania.
Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of the Pennsylvania have shown that an area of the brain that initiates behavioral changes had greater activation in smokers who watched anti-smoking ads with strong arguments versus those with weaker ones, and irrespective of flashy elements, like bright and rapidly changing scenes, loud sounds and unexpected scenario twists. Those smokers also had significantly less nicotine metabolites in their urine when tested a month after viewing those ads, the team reports in a new study published online April 23 in the Journal of Neuroscience.
Alzheimer's researchers know the disease is caused by toxic beta amyloid and tau lesions, yet, the recent failure of emerging therapies targeting these lesions suggest that successful treatments will require diagnosis of disease at its earliest stages. Now, by using computer-aided drug discovery, researchers are in the process of developing an imaging chemical that attaches predominantly to tau-bearing lesions in living brain, opening the door for earlier diagnosis – and better treatments for tau-involved conditions like Alzheimer’s, frontal temporal dementia and traumatic brain injuries.
An international team of neuroscientists has described for the first time in exhaustive detail the underlying neurobiology of an amnesiac who suffered from profound memory loss after damage to key portions of his brain.
In a serendipitous discovery, scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have found a way to turn bone marrow stem cells directly into brain cells.
For the first time, human embryonic stem cells have been transformed into nerve cells that helped mice regain the ability to learn and remember.
A new study co-authored by Boston University Professor of Psychology Michael Hasselmo investigates the function of grid cells by comparing the resonance properties of neurons in rats and bats.
The question of how animals orient themselves in space has been extensively studied, but only in two-dimensional settings – until now. Weizmann Institute research, conducted with bats wearing purpose-built miniature equipment, reveals for the first time how three-dimensional volumetric space is perceived in the brain.
A bizarre twist on the usual way proteins are made may explain mysterious symptoms in the grandparents of some children with mental disabilities. The discovery may lead to better treatments for older adults with a recently discovered genetic condition called Fragile X-associated Tremor Ataxia Syndrome.
Neuroscientists from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and the University of Toronto have developed an efficient and reliable method of analyzing brain activity to detect autism in children. Their findings appear today in the online journal PLOS ONE.
Americans with brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease or multiple sclerosis (MS) who need to see a neurologist may face longer wait times or have more difficulty finding a neurologist, according to a new study published in the April 17, 2013, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The findings are being released as nearly 150 neurologists will descend on Capitol Hill next Tuesday, April 23, 2013, to encourage Congress to protect patients’ access to neurologists and ensure there will be care for the one in six Americans currently affected by brain disease.
Neuroscientists at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) have taken a major step in their efforts to help people with memory loss tied to brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Studying rats’ ability to navigate familiar territory, Johns Hopkins scientists found that the hippocampus uses remembered spatial information to imagine routes the rats then follow. Their discovery has implications for memory loss due to Alzheimer's disease and aging.
For the first time, researchers have linked autism in a mouse model of the disease with abnormalities in specific regions of the animals’ chromosomes.
The taste of beer, without any effect from alcohol itself, can trigger dopamine release in the brain, which is associated with drinking and other drugs of abuse, Indiana University School of Medicine researchers reported.
Specific DNA once dismissed as junk plays an important role in brain development and might be involved in several devastating neurological diseases, UC San Francisco scientists have found.
New research suggests that fainting may be genetic and, in some families, only one gene may be responsible. However, a predisposition to certain triggers, such as emotional distress or the sight of blood, may not be inherited. The study is published in the April 16, 2013, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Fainting, also called vasovagal syncope, is a brief loss of consciousness when your body reacts to certain triggers. It affects at least one out of four people.
Unique modification to microtubules makes nerve cells' cytoskeleton singularly robust.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine have discovered a technique that directly converts skin cells to the type of brain cells destroyed in patients with multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy and other so-called myelin disorders. This discovery appears today in the journal Nature Biotechnology.
A new study is challenging a long held belief among speech therapists and audiologists that bad behavior in young children with hearing implants is an indicator of device failure and a predictor of poor language development.
Advanced Spinal Cord Stimulator Lead Anchoring And Multiple Lead Placement Technique Through An Individual Port: A Case Serie To introduce a novel and advanced lead anchoring technique as well as introduce the emerging technology of large single port introducers and percutaneous paddle leads.
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