IOWA CITY, Iowa -- Every mom knows that after giving birth, sleep is a precious commodity; fatigue and emotional fluctuations are part of the experience. Everyone knows it, but according to Michael O'Hara, University of Iowa professor of psychology, no one has documented the effect of post-birth sleep patterns on thought processes and mood.
This supplement to the Annals of Internal Medicine deals with articles generated from the Sixth Regenstrief Conference, "Measuring Quality, Outcomes, and Cost of Care Using Large Databases," held September 4-6, 1996.
1) Oral cavity measurements, together with body mass and neck measurements, provide a rapid, accurate method to predicting sleep apnea syndrome. 2) No increased stroke risk is found in women taking oral contraceptives. 3) A paper examining the appropriate roles of cardiovascular specialist and generalist.
Six women who each have faced the death of a child and made the decision to donate their organs for transplantation have formed the countryπs first organization of mothers to provide counseling and support to other families confronted with similar tragic circumstances. Called Mothers of Donors ã or MOD Squad, as they refer to themselves ã was conceived and coordinated by the Albany Medical Collegeπs Center for Donation and Transplant. It is the only program of its kind in the country.
High doses of acetaminophen, especially when mixed with alcohol, caused liver injury in some patients, researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center at Callas report in the Oct. 16 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.
The National Institute on Drug Abuse has funded a three-year, $780,000 study of marijuana use designed to answer fundamental questions about the drug, including whether it leads to the use of "harder" drugs, long-term effects, and whether users become dependent. UC Santa Cruz will coordinate the three-nation comparative study.
NEW HAVEN, Conn., Oct. 15, 1997--A genetically engineered strain of the bacteria Salmonella potentially may target cancerous tumors, amplify within tumors and inhibit tumor growth, according to new research reported by Yale University School of Medicine scientists and colleagues.
A course to help physicians tell parents that their child has died will be presented by University of Illinois at Chicago emergency medicine physician Dr. William Ahrens at the annual Scientific Assembly of the American College of Emergency Physicians in San Francisco Oct. 17.
Estrogen therapy, which has halved coronary artery disease symptoms in postmenopausal women, may hold similar health benefits for men in the same age group, Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered.
Cooling the body for heart surgery causes an overproduction of the neurotransmitter glutamate, an excitatory amino acid, and can leave the nervous system vulnerable to damage from the start of the cooling process until up to eight hours after recovery, a Johns Hopkins animal study suggests. This contradicts previous theories that brain damage occurred only during the initial recovery period.
Emory University surgeons split a donated cadaveric liver into two portions, providing and adult and child with part of the same organ.
Simultaneously giving AIDS patients the antiviral ganciclovir via pill as well as in a tiny pellet implanted in the eye delays or prevents complications of CMV, reports Dan Martin, MD, of Emory Unviversity.
The standard X-ray exam has changed very little over the past several decades. However, digital technology currently being studied at the Cleveland Clinic could revolutionize general radiographic X-ray procedures -- making them more convenient for both the patient and the doctor, producing sharper images, eliminating storage concerns, and allowing the images to be transmitted hundreds of miles away within seconds.
Even people who have had a stroke don't always know the signs, symptoms and risk factors relating to their "brain attack", according to a study in today's Stroke, a journal of the American Heart Association.
If your blood levels of "good" cholesterol are low and you already have heart disease, you may be at increased risk of having a stroke, according to a report published today in the American Heart Association journal Stroke.
For the first time, researchers say they have proof that people who have suffered a stroke have a better chance of long-term survival if they are treated in a hospital "stroke unit."
Improved techniques in hair restoration surgery have dramatically improved aesthetic results, and an increased number of patients are satisfied with the procedure, according to results from a survey to be presented at the annual meeting of the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery (ISHRS) in Barcelona, Spain, October 15-19.
New developments combining cutting-edge technology with familiar laser techniques increases effectiveness in hair restoration surgery. The carbon dioxide laser in combination with a computerized pattern generator offers a more effective method of creating recipient sites for hair grafts, according to research to be presented at the annual meeting of the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery (ISHRS) in Barcelona, Spain, October 15-19.
People of Asian descent, black people, and females may require different surgical techniques for hair restoration than the typical standards used for Caucasian males, according to a clinical study to be presented at the annual meeting of the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery (ISHRS) in Barcelona, Spain, October 15-19. Hair restoration specialists use a variety of transplant techniques to "harvest" groups of individual hair follicles from a denser area, usually the fringe above the ears and around the back of the head, and graft those into a thinning area, most commonly the crown and front of the scalp.
One of the misconceptions that patients often encounter in considering graft techniques for hair restoration surgery is that "more is better." If patients know the number of hairs to be transplanted, rather than the number of grafts, they will get a more accurate description of the hair restoration procedure and have more realistic expectations, according to a presentation scheduled for the annual meeting of the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery (ISHRS) in Barcelona, Spain, October 15-19.
Psoriasis is a noncontagious, incurable skin disorder that affects more than 6.4 million people in the United States. The National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF) has proclaimed October National Psoriasis Awareness Month in order to educate the public about the serious physical and emotional impact of the disease, and encourage people with psoriasis to become fully informed about their treatment options.
Dr. James F. Toole of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center has been elected president of the World Federation of Neurology for a four-year term, defeating four other candidates.
Scientists at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center report today that they have found another way to shut down the doorway for HIV-1 to invade two types of white blood cells -- lymphocytes and macrophages. In a report in the Oct 14 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Si.-Yi Chen, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of cancer biology, and his colleagues describe how they have inactivated the most frequently used co-receptor -- docking site -- for HIV-1 viruses on the surface of both macrophages and lymphocytes, resulting in immunity of those macrophages and lymphocytes to HIV-1 infection.
A workshop on U.S.-Mexican border policy, featuring some of the region's top experts on drug control and immigration control, will be held Oct. 17 from 1:30-5:30 p.m. at the University of California, San Diego.
The FDA has cleared a device invented at Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons that may reduce the incidence of pneumonia in thousands of elderly Americans and stroke patients who develop swallowing disorders. The device, called the Air Pulse Sensory Stimulator, measures sensory loss, or numbness, in the throat and voice box. Numbness in this region can increase the risk of food and secretions inadvertently going into the lungs and causing pneumonia.
The American College of Emergency Physicians today released a major new practice guideline for managing elderly patients who experience falls, the cause of death for 12 percent of those older than age 65.
Long-term use of vitamin C supplements may substantially reduce the development of age-related eye disease. A new study published in the October American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed that women who had consumed a vitamin C supplement for more than 10 years had a 77 percent lower incidence of early lens opacity (cloudiness on the lens) and an 83 percent lower rate of moderate lens opacity. Lens opacity is an early stage in the development of cataracts.
In a step toward providing chronic pain relief, researchers at the University of Minnesota and the Minneapolis Veterans Administration Medical Center have identified a group of nerves that are instrumental in causing hypersensitive pain responses. Working with rats, the researchers showed that destroying a certain type of spinal nerve left the animal resistant to a treatment that usually causes hypersensitivity to heat and touch.
Expensive antibiotics are no more effective than inexpensive antibiotics at treating ear infections, according to a University of Colorado Health Sciences Center study published in the October issue of Pediatrics.
The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation today unveiled a comprehensive online source of breast health information. The Komen Foundation, known for raising awareness and community support for breast cancer research and programs through its nationally acclaimed Race for the Cure, will now extend its reach by offering a website that provides general breast cancer information, with specific areas that address the needs of speical audiences, including breast cancer survivors and their friends and families, the media, and the medical and scientific communities.
Using air bags and shoulder restraints in passenger aircraft could reduce deaths from head injuries sustained in airplane crashes, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins. Such injuries account for up to a third of all aviation-related deaths in the United States.
University of Maryland School of Medicine researchers report that mature B cells have a molecular repair mechanism that can reactivate the process of genetic recombination to replace mutated and failing lymphocytes with ones producing the right antibodies. They can do it outside the bone marrow and in response to antigen.
Physicians from 50 countries will participate in CHEST 1997 -- the International Assembly of the American College of Chest Physicians--to be held in New Orleans, October 26 - 30, 1997.
Cornell University nutritionists and agronomists will travel to the Chakaria area of Bangladesh Oct. 6 to begin investigating why the disease rickets has been found in such a sunny place.
Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc. and its joint venture partner, Smith & Nephew plc, announced today the launch of Dermagraft in the UK market. Dermagraft is the first fully human dermal replacement available for the treatment of full thickness diabetic foot ulcers. The announcement was made today at the British Diabetic Association meeting.
1) Smoking cessation is one of the most cost-effective medical treatments, reports a Mayo study, 2) Mayo sports medicine researchers report how a training device helps keep the ankle more stable in response to a sudden inversion -- the cause of most ankle sprains, 3) Is multiple sclerosis caused by an infectious agent in the environment? 4) Mayo researchers report that testing a minute sample of fluid from just beneath the surface of the skin measures glucose levels in diabetics as accurately as the standard finger-stick method.
Women under 50 benefit from screening mammography as much as women over 50, a University of Chicago study reports.
Radioactive seed implants are a safe, effective way to treat prostate cancer with few side effects, a Michigan study reports.
An international study reports that children with some difficult to treat tumors can benefit from radiation therapy.
Radiation therapy prevents local relapses of melanoma (skin cancer) and also improves the quality of life of patients whose disease has spread, a new study in Germany has found.
Radiation therapy delivered to the pelvis and area of the vagina was effective in preventing the return of endometrial cancer for certain patients, a new study in Wisconsin has found.
Using low doses of radiation immediately after angioplasty can significantly reduce the risk that a heart patient's arteries will once again become too narrow in the future, a new study has found. An estimated 600,000 patients undergo such interventional procedures a year and researchers say up to 90 percent of these patients could be eligible for this new use for radiation therapy.
Tarrytown, New York, September 29, 1997 -- AMBI Inc. announced results of a preclinical study demonstrating that lysostaphin, the CompanyÃs proprietary antibacterial agent, was used successfully to treat endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Lysostaphin completely eradicated the bacteria in more than 90 percent of the animals, whereas vancomycin, the current treatment of choice for this infection, did not eradicate the bacteria in any of the animals in this study.
Treating common ear infections in children with antibiotics such as amoxicillin instead of more costly choices could save millions of dollars a year without changing recovery rates, according to researchers supported by the federal Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Their study, which looked at children covered under Colorado's Medicaid program, is published in the October issue of Pediatrics.
University of Michigan scientists have found that iron chelators can prevent deafness in guinea pigs exposed to antibiotics that damage delicate hair cells in the inner ear. The U-M research could lead to a way to eliminate the threat of deafness to individuals treated with a common class of antibiotics.
Chronic heartburn/GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) can, if left untreated, lead to serious medical problems including asthma, laryngitis and esophageal cancer, according to leading gastroenterologists. To learn more about how to treat chronic heartburn/GERD and prevent any of the associated complications, we invite you to come hear some of the worldÃs leading experts discuss the most recent research in this area. You will also be able to take an actual endoscopic trip down the esophagus.
Preliminary results from a Phase II study with Merck's echinocandin antifungal, MK-991 (formerly known as L-743,872), showed efficacy in 85% of patients with Candida esophagitis. The data were presented today at the 37th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) meeting in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Some of the nation's leading medical reporters will speak at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nov. 14-15 in a symposium for working medical journalists and medical communications specialists.
A long-term study shows that individuals whose coronary arteries are obstructed and who are treated with angioplasty have more heart-related deaths than those who undergo bypass surgery.
A chemical version of a "balloon-popper" has been identified that may help explain why some aortic aneurysms rupture and others do not. The report appears in today's American Heart Association journal Circulation.
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