Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have used X-ray computed tomography (CT) to visualize in real time how cracks form near the edges of the interfaces between materials in solid-state batteries. The findings could help researchers find ways to improve the energy storage devices.
Chemists at UC San Diego present a promising method for easing the synthesis and evaluation of the algorithms, chemistry and technology needed to predict the bound poses of ligands within a targeted protein—a necessity for the design of new drug therapies.
Until now, researchers believed recurrent mutations (hotspot mutations) in cancer tumors were the important mutations (driver mutations) that promoted cancer progression. A new University of California, Irvine-led study indicates this is not always true.
Capacitors, given their high energy output and recharging speed, could play a major role in powering the machines of the future, from electric cars to cell phones. However, the biggest hurdle for capacitors as energy storage devices is that they store much less energy than a similar-sized battery. Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology are tackling that problem by using supercomputers and machine learning techniques to ultimately find ways to build more capable capacitors.
When people suffer from both HIV and TB, it creates “one of the biggest health problems in the world,” according to Texas Biomed Assistant Professor Smita Kulkarni, Ph.D. Now, the National Institutes of Health is funding a two-year study by Texas Biomed scientists developing a lab model that mimics the early stages of the co-infection of these two diseases.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists have discovered a pathway that functions like a car wash to prevent the buildup of a toxic protein associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The report appeared online today in the journal Cell.
Introducing a default physician order — a “nudge” — into electronic health records (EHRs) cut the use of unnecessary daily imaging in half during palliative radiation therapy sessions for patients with advanced cancer
In a pilot study of 14 older adults with mild cognitive problems suggestive of early Alzheimer’s disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers report that a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet may improve brain function and memory.
Kimberly Samuels-Crow is leading a collaborative effort to separate the effects of evaporation and transpiration, which are increasingly a factor in water loss as the climate gets both hotter and drier.
Researchers who analyzed data in the electronic health records of children seen by hematology/oncology specialists at three large medical centers have developed an algorithm to accurately identify appropriate pediatric oncology patients for future clinical studies.
The National Science Foundation has awarded Tanu Malik at DePaul University a Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) grant to support her work to lay the foundation for establishing reproducibility of real-world computational and data science.
A new study from researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center finds that the gene FOXA1 overrides normal biology in three different ways to drive prostate cancer. They refer to the three classes as FAST, FURIOUS, and LOUD to reflect their unique features.
In experiments in mice, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they have found additional evidence that Parkinson’s disease originates among cells in the gut and travels up the body’s neurons to the brain. The study, described in the June issue of the journal Neuron, offers a new, more accurate model in which to test treatments that could prevent or halt Parkinson’s disease progression.
In cinema and science fiction, one small change in the past can have major, sometimes life-changing effects in the future. Using a series of snapshots, researchers recently captured such so-called “butterfly effects” in heart muscle cell development, and say this new view into the sequence of gene expression activity may lead to better understanding disease risk.
Penn Medicine researchers found that over a five-year period in Philadelphia, use of evidence-based therapies—practices backed by scientific data showing that symptoms improve in response to treatment, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)—increased only modestly, despite the city and researchers’ substantial efforts to showcase the value of these approaches and to provide training to community clinicians.
A simple set of decision-support tools combined with institutional buy-in can help increase the number of cancer patients who engage in treatment to help them quit tobacco, data from researchers in the Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania show.
Multi-fault earthquakes can span fault systems of tens to hundreds of kilometers, with ruptures propagating from one segment to another. During the last decade, seismologists have observed several cases of this complicated type of earthquake rupture, and are now relying on supercomputers to provide detailed models to better understand the fundamental physical processes that take place during these events, which can have far reaching effects.
Scientists have taken a common, yet laborious lab test and redesigned it to be performed in small 3D printed pipette tips used to measure and transfer fluids in the laboratory.
As Asia and Europe battle African swine fever outbreaks, UVM research shows how farmers’ risk attitudes affect the spread of infectious animal diseases. Getting just 10 percent of risk tolerant farmers to adopt biosecurity measures resulted in a significant reduction of disease.
American Heart Association funding will allow Michigan Medicine to establish a leading research and training program with a focus on preventing brain damage caused by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
In a new study, published on June 25, 2019, in the journal eLife, the researchers report that higher levels of doublets can be found in people with severe cases of tuberculosis or dengue fever.
A blood test in patients with diabetes reveals how levels of a protein associated with brain cell death could predict the risk of a future stroke.
Scientists have shown how a tiny flaw in a protein results in damaged enamel that is prone to decay in people with a condition known as amelogenesis imperfecta. Such patients don’t develop enamel correctly because of a single amino acid defect in the critical enamel protein called amelogenin.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that immune cells that typically protect neurons from damage may be the link between early and late brain changes in Alzheimer’s disease. Breaking that link could lead to new approaches to delay or prevent the disease.
Surgery prompted by automobile accidents, combat wounds, cancer treatment and other conditions can lead to bone infections that are difficult to treat and can delay healing until they are resolved. Now, researchers have a developed a double-duty hydrogel that both attacks the bacteria and encourages bone regrowth with a single application containing two active components.
A new study has found that variability in night-to-night sleep time and reduced sleep quality adversely affect the ability of older adults to recall information about past events. The study also found unexpected racial differences in the type of sleep patterns tied to lower memory performance across both younger and older African American research participants.
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) are known to help the body fight infection, but they are also key tumor fighters. A new study reveals that these cells are unique in their ability to seek out and kill tumor cells without suffering from the common phenomenon of T cell “exhaustion.”
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have figured out how to grow the intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium in the lab, an achievement that will speed efforts to treat or prevent diarrhea caused by the parasite.
One of the largest studies on out-of-pocket costs for nursing home care finds prices are high and rising faster than other medical care and consumer prices, reports a team of health policy researchers.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded a second round of funding for the country’s four Big Data Innovation Hubs – organizations where academics, community leaders, regional business, and local and state government representatives collaborate to help solve grand challenges of regional importance.
About a million times a year, Americans with a torn meniscus get surgery, but certain tears don't heal well. Duke scientists have developed a scaffold from a pig’s meniscus that performed better in lab tests than healing without a scaffold.
UC San Diego Professor David Kleinfeld and postdoctoral fellow Rui Liu adopted adaptive optics (AO) to correct microscopic images for the scattering of light that occurs in brain tissue. The result was the first-ever recording of the subcellular neuronal inputs and outputs within the cortical mantle in mice.
The first step a Vanderbilt team took in addressing a challenge in lower-body prosthetics was coming to understand the way people with two legs catch themselves, accomplished by covering test subjects with motion-capturing sensors.
Knowing how emissions are created can help reduce them
Transitions are a hallmark of life, and so there is a transition during early development when an embryo undergoes biochemical changes, switching from being controlled by maternal molecules to being governed by its own genome. For the first time, researchers have found in an embryo that activation of its genome does not happen all at once, instead it follows a specific pattern controlled primarily by the various sizes of its cells.
A hitch-mounted, cinema-quality camera on a pick-up truck can make bridge inspections safer and faster, developed by the Michigan Tech Research Institute (MTRI) and Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT).
An ultrasound imaging technique called passive cavitation imaging was able to create an image and estimate the amount of a drug that crossed the blood-brain barrier to reach a specific location in the brain, according to a study by NIBIB-funded bioengineers at Washington University.
Human and mouse experiments show that an antibody in breastmilk is necessary to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis – an often deadly bacterial disease of the intestine.
In cancer and chronic infections immune balance can be disrupted, resulting in immune system dysfunction or “exhaustion.” An important protein called TOX, which varies in amount in different immune cell types, controls the identity of the cells that become exhausted. With this knowledge, investigators now have a way to accurately identify immune cells that are exhausted in a tumor or site of an infection and improve the effectiveness of patients’ immune response to treatment.
In a novel study of cancer genetics using fallopian tube tissue from 15 women, researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have found evidence that the most common and lethal type of ovarian cancer arises not from a uniform group of precancerous lesions, but from individual growths found in groups genetically unrelated to each other.
An investigational flu drug cures mice infected with the rare but deadly Bourbon virus, according to a new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The findings potentially could lead to a treatment.
The single-celled parasite Leishmania can reproduce sexually, according to a study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The finding could pave the way towards finding genes that help the parasite cause disease.
Duke researchers describe a previously unidentified route for antibodies to be transferred from the mother to the fetus, illuminating a potential way to capitalize on this process to control when and how certain antibodies are shared.
Issues like age or existing arthritis may preclude patients from participating in clinical studies for new therapies that could benefit them
Vaccinating babies against a virus that causes childhood “stomach flu” greatly reduces their chance of getting so sick that they need hospital care, a new study shows. But the study also reveals a surprise: Getting fully vaccinated against rotavirus in the first months of life is associated with a lower risk of developing Type 1 diabetes later on.
Drug-resistant malaria is prevalent in Southeast Asia and may spread. Doctors currently can tell whether powerful malaria drugs will work through or a DNA duplication method that allows for optical detection of a disease’s biomarkers, but it's tough to use in low-resource areas.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation that caused an 11-year-old girl to suffer a fatal reaction to infection with the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). The study, which will be published June 18 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, reveals that mutations in the IL18BP gene causes the body’s immune system to attack and kill healthy liver cells, and suggests that targeting this pathway could prevent the deaths of patients suffering rapid liver failure in response to viral infection.
The team combined their research on low-cost, nanostructured thin films with a device most American adults already own.
Bioengineers used bone engineered in 3D-printed mold and grown alongside the ribs of sheep to successfully replace a portion of the animals’ jaw bones. They hope to develop the tissue regenerative procedure for human application .
In a search for clues to what may delay or prevent Alzheimer’s disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists report that smarter, more educated people aren’t protected from the disease, but do get a cognitive “head start” that may keep their minds functioning better temporarily.
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