Feature Channels: Blood

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Results from a study conducted by St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital and the Munich Leukemia Laboratory were presented today as a late-breaking abstract at the American Society of Hematology annual meeting. The study integrates genomic and transcriptomic sequencing to provide the most detailed classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to date.

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Mayo Clinic researchers will present findings at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting Dec. 7–10 in Orlando. New Mayo Clinic studies to be presented include: DNA analysis identifies elevated risk factor for myeloma in individuals of African ancestry Study identifies more precise assessment measures for patients newly diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia Researchers develop method to assess cancer-fighting cell therapy's effectiveness

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Deep DNA sequencing analysis conducted by Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey investigators examining genomic differences within tumors for prediction of disease relapse in certain hematologic malignancies has identified small mutations. These may help further guide treatment decision making for patients.

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New findings by Yale Cancer Center (YCC) and Smilow Cancer Hospital researchers show that as the use of the drug ibrutinib climbs in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), so do the rates of patients who stop taking the drug.

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A one-year follow-up study revealed a majority of patients with mantle cell lymphoma resistant to prior therapies may benefit from treatment with CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) .

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A new study by Yale Cancer Center (YCC) and Smilow Cancer Hospital researchers suggests that the drug venetoclax aids therapy for relapsed/refractory myelodysplastic syndromes, especially when paired with azacytidine.

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A Phase II study pairing azacitidine with enasidenib boosts complete remission in patients with AML with IDH2 mutations.

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Results of studies on a novel agent to treat multiple myeloma and a combination therapy aimed at slowing the progression of a precursor myeloma condition are among reports being presented by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators at the ASH Annual Meeting.

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For older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the prospects for success of a stem cell transplant can often be predicted based on the particular set of genetic mutations within the tumor cells, investigators at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and other research centers will report today at the ASH Annual Meeting.

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Identifying the type of pain an adult with sickle cell disease (SCD) experiences may be useful in improving treatment, according to a new study by researchers at Yale Cancer Center (YCC) and Smilow Cancer Hospital.

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Researchers from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital will present their work at the 61st annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology.

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A Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey investigator and other collaborators examined prenatal screening practices for blood disorders between different types of care providers and found different variations in prenatal guidance.

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On Dec. 10, Johns Hopkins scientist Gregg Semenza, M.D., Ph.D., along with William Kaelin Jr., M.D., and Peter Ratcliffe, M.D., will accept the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden, for the groundbreaking discovery of the gene that controls how cells respond to low oxygen levels.

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News release about a new collaborative study led by Cleveland Clinic and University Hospitals finding that commonly used clinical indicators of immune status and inflammation can predict mortality in the general population.

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A study led by Hamilton researchers has found a new way to interpret blood test results in patients who are investigated for blood clots in their lungs, a condition known as pulmonary embolism. This new approach applies to D-dimer blood tests, which are used by physicians to rule out the presence of a blood clot.

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UCLA scientists have discovered a link between a protein and the ability of human blood stem cells to self-renew. In a study published today in the journal Nature, the team reports that activating the protein causes blood stem cells to self-renew at least twelvefold in laboratory conditions

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Soft tissue sarcoma cells stop a key metabolic process which allows them to multiply and spread, and so restarting that process could leave these cancers vulnerable to a variety of treatments

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Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers will present more than 40 research studies at the 61st American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting on December 7-10 in Orlando, Fla.

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Inspired by their use in mechanical systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers are testing a magnetically-actuated fluidic valve to use in trauma patients suffering from hemorrhage.

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University of South Australia biomedical engineer Dr Marnie Winter has been awarded US$100,000 from the world’s largest private foundation to help better understand and tackle a condition which kills 76,000 women and 500,000 babies each year.

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Researchers reporting in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology have linked high levels of DDT in Indian immigrants in the U.S. with risk factors for diabetes.

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DHS S&T and FEMA awarded $2.3 million over a three year period to USU NCDMPH to develop lifesaving trauma training for high-school-age students last year.

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Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer in which malignant plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow, and recent studies have shown that some can leave the marrow and enter the blood stream. Until now, it has been difficult to detect these cells, known as clonal circulating plasma cells, in the blood.

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Blood clots have long been implicated in heart attacks and strokes. While the role of one key protein, called von Willebrand factor, has been established, a reliable model for predicting how it collects in blood vessels remains elusive. Researchers review recent work on understanding the behavior of vWF in APL Bioengineering, painting a portrait of vWF, and by highlighting advances in the field, the authors put forth promising avenues for therapies in controlling these proteins.

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A new study by researchers at the University of Montreal shows close to 172,000 Canadians injected drugs in 2016, up from 130,000 just five years earlier, but support varies.

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After decades of little or no progress, biomedical researchers are finally making some headway at detecting and treating sepsis, a deadly medical complication that sends a surge of pathogenic infection through the body and remains a major public health problem. They report data in Science Translational Medicine.

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Israeli and American scientists have discovered that administering probiotics in hospital intensive care units may lead to blood infections, and in some cases the adverse effects could outweigh the potential benefits.

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Recent study found that an effective blood cancer treatment was associated with weight gain, obesity, and increased systolic blood pressure

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A Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey researcher has received a $600,000 Translational Award from the V Foundation for Cancer Research to study treatment impact on chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

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• Peritoneal dialysis performed with an automated wearable artificial kidney was safe and effective for removing toxins from the blood of patients with kidney failure. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2019 November 5–November 10 at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, DC.

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Below are summaries of recent Fred Hutch research findings with links for additional background and media contacts.

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Using cells from human breast cancers and mouse breast cancer models, researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have significant new evidence that tumor cells exposed to low-oxygen conditions have an advantage when it comes to invading and surviving in the bloodstream.

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Genetically editing a cancer patient’s immune cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, then infusing those cells back into the patient appears safe and feasible based on early data from the first-ever clinical trial to test the approach in humans in the United States.

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Researchers genetically engineered CAR T cells with molecular tags, which they were able to monitor in an animal model using position emission tomography (PET) imaging.

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John Kaczmarczyk, 58, was unconscious at the bottom of a flight of stairs in his home when his wife and son found him.

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Mothers and children in low resource communities often suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Now researchers have developed a system that can be used for tests to rapidly identify blood micronutrient levels in remote areas with limited healthcare infrastructure.

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A St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital study lowered the rate of relapse for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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A life-saving course is in development to train high school students around the country how to to deliver the first aid skills for severely injured trauma victims. The education and training course is being created by the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences’ National Center for Disaster Medicine and Public Health (NCDMPH) and The American Red Cross (Red Cross). Students who successfully complete the course will receive certificates documenting their first aid training.

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Major burns lead to changes in the gastrointestinal tract bacteria, and these alterations of the gut microbiome are influenced by resuscitation with intravenous (IV) fluids, according to animal studies reported in SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches, Official Journal of the Shock Society. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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Atlantic Health System is treating patients in a new Phase 2 clinical trial of CAR T-cell therapy at Morristown Medical Center. A select number of sites across the U.S. are involved in this study, which is done on an outpatient basis. The study is sponsored by Juno Therapeutics, Inc. The study’s principal investigator, Mohamad Cherry, MD, medical director of hematology for Atlantic Health System Cancer Care, is a nationally known expert at treating and researching blood-related cancers such as lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma. Dr. Cherry is triple board-certified in internal medicine, hematology and medical oncology

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In a finding that could help lead to new therapies for immune diseases like multiple sclerosis and IBD, scientists report in the Journal of Experimental Medicine identifying a gene and family of proteins critical to the formation of mature and fully functioning T cells in the immune system.

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A new study of nearly 5 million patients shows the most-popular first-line treatment for hypertension is less effective and causes more side effects than thiazide diuretics.

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Pregnant women with anemia are twice as likely to need blood transfusions after a cesarean delivery, as those without the condition, according to a study being presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2019 annual meeting.

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The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) today presented Judith Hellman, M.D., with its 2019 Excellence in Research Award in recognition of her outstanding research developments

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Having blood drawn by a courteous health care provider can really take the sting out of those procedures, suggests a study being presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2019 annual meeting.

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A device designed to improve adherence to outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) took top prize at the second IDEA Incubator, a competition showcasing inventions, products and devices to improve patient care for infectious diseases, which takes place during IDWeek.

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African Americans reporting high levels of chronic stress tended to develop high blood pressure, or hypertension, more often than those who reported low stress levels, according to new research published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, the open access journal of the American Heart Association.

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This month, the UCLA Jonsson Cancer Center has launched a pioneering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy trial that will attack cancer cells by simultaneously recognizing two targets – CD19 and CD20 – that are expressed on B-cell lymphoma and leukemia.

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Now, in experiments in mice as well as isolated human cancer cells, UCLA researchers have discovered a way to eliminate the CML stem cells. Their approach uses an antibody to block a protein that the stem cells rely on to grow. The advance, described in a study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, might eventually help treat not only chronic myelogenous leukemia but other cancers as well.