Feature Channels: Vaccines

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Millions of people are infected with hepatitis B every year. Hundreds of thousands die. And small children are particularly at risk.

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Funds from the National Institutes of Health will accelerate the chase for one of medicine’s most elusive goals: a universal influenza vaccine.

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Children and older adults are considered to be at higher risk for contracting measles. In this advisory, Michael Ben-Aderet, MD, associate director of Hospital Epidemiology at Cedars-Sinai, shares what parents need to know about measles, including risk factors and tips for preventing it.

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A new technology developed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison’s Yoshihiro Kawaoka may make H3N2 vaccine development a bit easier. In Nature Microbiology today [April 29, 2019], Kawaoka and his team describe a new cell line that enables better growth of H3N2 for vaccine use. The virus is also far less likely to mutate during production using this cell line, improving the chances of a match between vaccine and circulating influenza viruses.

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University of Alabama at Birmingham infectious disease and primary care experts urge the public to know their vaccination status and educate themselves on the dangers of the measles, as continued outbreaks in more states are anticipated in the coming weeks. Today, the Tennessee Department of Health reported to the Alabama Department of Public Health that an individual with a confirmed measles case traveled through Alabama on April 11 and made two stops during the infectious period, raising the likelihood that measles could appear in the state.

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Research teams at the University of Georgia College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, led by Associate Professor Scott Pegan, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control, led by Éric Bergeron, have successfully discovered a single-dose replicon particle vaccine that provides complete protection against the Crimean-Congo Hemorraghic Fever (CCHF) virus in mice.

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What: Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2019 Meeting When: April 27-30, 2019 Where: Baltimore Convention Center (1 W. Pratt St, Baltimore, Maryland 21201)

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Professor Joanne Turner, Ph.D., the Vice President for Research at Texas Biomedical Research Institute, will serve as the new Executive Director of the Vaccine Development Center of San Antonio.

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Now research conducted in mice offers new hope that neonatal herpes infections might eventually be avoidable by stimulating an immune response in mothers.

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The first malaria vaccine will be tested in a pilot study beginning this April in three countries with a high burden of the disease among children, according to researchers leading the trial from UNC Project-Malawi. There, malaria is the main cause of illness and death among children under age 5.

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The Infectious Diseases Society of America Dispels Dangerous Measles Vaccine Myths

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A vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a major cause of childhood illness and mortality in the developing world, sharply reduced the incidence of serious pneumococcal disease among children in a large Kenyan community after it was introduced in 2011, according to a new study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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Researchers in Chapel Hill, N.C., and Tokyo have discovered a mechanism by which liver cells intrinsic resistance to diverse RNA viruses is regulated. These results have implications for for cellular responses to hepatitis, dengue and Zika.

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Researchers developed a novel recombinant vaccine called NIPRAB that shows robust immunization against Nipah virus in animal models and may be effective against other viruses in the same family.

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Georgetown University faculty offer expertise for journalists seeking interviews in a variety of subjects related to Ebola. Topics include WHO, Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), International Health Regulations, infectious disease control and treatment, vaccine development, clinical trials, and global health security and law.

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Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection. HPV causes more than 40,000 cases of cancer in the United States each year.

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Researchers at Mount Sinai have developed a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy, injecting immune stimulants directly into a tumor to teach the immune system to destroy it and other tumor cells throughout the body.

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Five facts about allergies to vaccines, pulled together by two McMaster University physicians.

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Research conducted in mice suggests the food additive tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ)—found in many common products from frozen meat to crackers and fried foods—suppresses the immune response the body mounts when fighting the flu.

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A research team that includes Northern Arizona University chemistry professor Naomi Lee received an NIH grant to develop a vaccine that can blunt the effects of drugs by triggering the patient's immune system.

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S&T intensified vaccine research efforts in collaboration with the USDA in Nov. 2018. The African Swine Fever Task Force was born, based out of S&T’s Plum Island Animal Disease Center.

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The Institute for Genome Sciences (IGS) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) was awarded $17.5 million from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to fund the IGS Genome Center for Infectious Diseases (GCID) for another five years.

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The rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is high among young minority gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men despite the availability of a vaccine that can prevent the infection, a Rutgers School of Public Health study found.

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Fighting antibiotic resistance is a never-ending struggle. By the time a new antibiotic is tested and proven effective, the bacteria it’s meant to fight are often already developing resistance to it.

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The McCombs School of Business and Moody College of Communication at The University of Texas at Austin announce a collaboration with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas (BCBSTX) to launch a research project, “Improving Adult Vaccine Delivery by Optimizing Clinical and Health IT Processes in Austin/Travis County, Texas (VACOPT).”

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The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), along with Profectus Biosciences, Inc., the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc., and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), have been awarded up to $24.5 million to advance treatments for the highly lethal henipaviruses, Nipah and Hendra.

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Social media has given those espousing anti-vaccination sentiments an effective medium to spread their message. An analysis of a viral Facebook campaign against a pediatric practice reveals that anti-vaccination arguments center around four distinct themes that can appeal to diverse audiences.

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When flu season peaks after mid-winter, tens of thousands of influenza cases and hundreds of deaths can likely be avoided if older adults wait until October to get their flu immunization, a University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine analysis reveals.

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Each year there are nearly 11 million cases of typhoid, a disease that is spread through contaminated food, drink and water. Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are leading an international consortium that is studying the impact of a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in an effort to accelerate introduction of the vaccine in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia where there is a high burden of typhoid.

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Currently, very few vaccines can be administered orally. Using a novel imaging method that captures all of the immune cells’ niches within an organ, Weizmann Institute scientists investigated the training process for the cells involved in immunity, developing insights that could lead to the design of more effective oral vaccines.

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With evidence that the number of measles cases and outbreaks this year is already well on track to exceed last year’s numbers, today’s Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions hearing is drawing urgent attention to a central tenet of public health: vaccines save lives.

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Aid workers put their lives on the line to treat patients with Ebola. Can robots help make their jobs a little easier and allow more people to survive the disease? Bill Smart, professor of robotics at Oregon State University, is exploring how robots may be most useful during disease outbreaks.

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Vaccinations are the world’s frontline defence against infectious diseases yet despite decades of interventions, unsafe injection practices continue to expose billions of people to serious infection and disease. Now, new technology from the University of South Australia is revolutionising safe vaccination practices through antibacterial, silver-loaded dissolvable microneedle patches, which not only sterilise the injection site to inhibit the growth of bacteria, but also physically dissolve after administration.

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A multi-institutional, international team of researchers has developed a method that identifies individuals recently infected with Vibrio cholerae O1. The results of the study are available online in the February 20 issue of the journal Science Translational Medicine.

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Mississippi State-developed vaccination technologies are being commercialized to help the catfish industry save millions for the state that leads the nation in production.