Feature Channels: Heart Disease

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In a medical records study covering thousands of children, a U.S.-Canadian team led by researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine concludes that while surgery to correct congenital heart disease (CHD) within 10 years after birth may restore young hearts to healthy function, it also may be associated with an increased risk of death and kidney failure within a few months or years after surgery.

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Research identifies a new target for helping patients decrease risk of heart disease and promote health

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MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute has enrolled its first patient to a clinical trial to determine whether cardiac stem cells reduce inflammation enough to improve heart function in patients with heart failure severe enough to require a left ventricular assist device, or LVAD.

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Papers on the epigenetic changes to mouse livers induced by a specific ligand and prenatal dexamethasone exposure-induced alterations in neurobehavior in female rat offspring are featured in latest issue of Toxicological Sciences.

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Quando um paciente submetido a uma cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio precisa de uma segunda cirurgia devido à recorrência de dores no peito, é muito comum a realização de uma Intervenção Coronária Percutânea (ICP), também conhecida como angioplastia coronária com stents.

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Lorsqu'un patient qui a subi un pontage aorto-coronarien (PAC) nécessite une deuxième intervention chirurgicale en raison d'une douleur thoracique récurrente, le plus souvent il s'agit d'une intervention coronarienne percutanée (IPC), communément appelée angioplastie coronarienne, avec des stents.

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Wenn ein Koronararterien-Bypass-(CABG)-Patient wegen wiederholter Schmerzen im Brustkorb eine zweite Operation braucht, ist dies häufig eine perkutane Koronarintervention (PCI), gemeinhin als Koronarangioplastie mit Stents bekannt.

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The study shows that for those participants who do not have a history of heart disease or stroke that a simple cardiac risk score – a summary measure of factors such as blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, abdominal fat, and dietary factors – is associated with MRI-detected pre-clinical cerebrovascular disease like carotid artery plaque and silent strokes.

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A small genetic study, published September 30, 2019 in Nature Genetics, identified a protein linked to many genetic variants that affect heart function. Researchers are expanding the model to other organ systems and at larger scales to create a broader understanding of genes and proteins involved.

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Moderate drinking has been linked to a lower risk of coronary heart disease in several studies. However, the relationship between alcohol and heart disease remains controversial and is challenging to assess. Most available data are from prospective (forward-looking) studies of people in middle age or older, in whom alcohol intake was assessed at the time of study entry.

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The first randomized trial to compare the safety and efficacy of the new ACURATE neo transcatheter heart valve with the SAPIEN 3 TAVR device did not meet non-inferiority in patients with severe aortic stenosis.

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The Portico IDE study found that 30-day safety and one-year effectiveness outcomes of a novel self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) system for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) at high or extreme-risk for surgery was noninferior to contemporary FDA-approved TAVR systems available in the United States.

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The three-year results from the COAPT trial demonstrated that reducing severe secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) with the MitraClip device safely improves prognosis in selected heart failure (HF) patients. In addition, those patients that crossed over and received the MitraClip after 24 months showed the same benefits as those who received the device at the beginning of the study. Two-year data were presented at TCT 2018 and published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Five-year results from the PARTNER 2A trial found that patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and intermediate surgical risk who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) had similar rates of death and disabling stroke compared to those who had surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). However, TAVR using a transthoracic approach had poorer outcomes compared to SAVR.

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Patients with left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) typically have a poor prognosis due to the large amount of myocardium at risk. Revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) has been shown to prolong survival in patients with left main disease compared with medical therapy alone. Three-year data from the large-scale randomized ECXEL trial found no significant difference in the composite rate of death, stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) between the two treatments, with a reduction in 30-day major adverse events with PCI. These results were first reported at TCT 2016 and published in NEJM.

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People with heart disease or defective or artificial heart valves are at increased risk of developing a potentially deadly valve infection. Rutgers researchers reported that new risk factors for this condition have emerged and that an increasing number of patients admitted to hospitals for other diseases are at risk of contracting this potentially lethal cardiac infection.

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The Geoffrey O. Hartzler Master Operator Award will be presented to Shigeru Saito, MD, in a ceremony on September 27, 2019 at the 31st Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT), the annual scientific symposium of the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF).

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Data from the EVOLVE Short DAPT study found that shortened three-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) did not increase myocardial infarction (MI) or stent thrombosis (ST) in high bleeding risk (HBR) patients treated with a contemporary drug-eluting stent.

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New data from the randomized, placebo-controlled TWILIGHT trial found that compared to ticagrelor plus aspirin, ticagrelor monotherapy reduces bleeding events without increasing the risk of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke in high-risk patients who have undergone successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and completed three months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).

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New data from the IDEAL-LM trial found that a biodegradable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (BP-EES) followed by four months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was safe and effective compared to a conventional durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (DP-EES) followed by 12 months of DAPT in patients undergoing PCI for unprotected left main coronary artery (uLMCA) disease.

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The first randomized trial to compare a durable polymer drug-eluting stent to a polymer-free drug-coated stent in patients at high risk of bleeding and treated with one-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) found that both are clinically safe and effective.

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Results from international clinical trial ‘TWILIGHT’ could change standard of care for high-risk cases

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The TCT Career Achievement Award will be presented to world-renowned cardiologist Robert O. Bonow, MD, MS on September 26, 2019 at the 31st Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT), the annual scientific symposium of the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF). The award is given each year to an outstanding individual who has made significant contributions to the field of interventional cardiology and transformed patient care through their career endeavors, research pursuits, or mentorship of others.

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Treating high-risk heart patients with a single, high dose of radiation therapy can dramatically reduce episodes of rapid, abnormal heartbeats for more than two years, offering hope to patients who have exhausted other treatment options. Findings were presented at the 61st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).

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Cuando un paciente con baipás de la arteria coronaria con injerto necesita una segunda intervención quirúrgica debido a recurrencia del dolor en el pecho, lo más frecuente es realizar una intervención coronaria percutánea, comúnmente conocida como angioplastia coronaria con estent.

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International physiologists and researchers studying the kidney, high blood pressure and related medical conditions will convene next week at the American Physiological Society (APS) Aldosterone and ENaC in Health and Disease: The Kidney and Beyond Conference in Estes Park, Colo.

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After a recent study showed that chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients who received ibrutinib as a frontline treatment had a 7% death rate, a new study offers a clearer picture on the reasons for the deaths.

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To find out whether an intervention could increase the number of discussions between clinicians and patients with heart failure about the kinds of treatments they would want at the end of their lives, also known as advance care planning, researchers at The Mount Sinai Hospital developed a rigorous six-center study to investigate a novel communication intervention. The study appears in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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A new imaging study of the mummified arteries of people who lived thousands of years ago revealed that their arteries were more clogged than originally thought, according to a proof-of-concept study led by a researcher with The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth). It is in the October print edition of the American Heart Journal.

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In March 2016, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network revised its criteria for prioritizing children awaiting heart transplantation in the U.S. with the intention of reducing the number of deaths on the waitlist, but a new study suggests unintended consequences.

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La Food and Drug Administration (FDA) a approuvé l'utilisation d'une installation de radiochimie à tomographie par émission de positons, également connue sous le nom de cyclotron, à la Mayo Clinic en Floride.

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Die Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hat die Verwendung einer Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie-Radiochemie-Anlage, auch Zyklotronanlage genannt, an der Mayo Clinic in Florida genehmigt.

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Millions of heart failure patients are readmitted to hospital every few months to adjust medications. It sends medical costs sky-high and burdens patients' lives. A new bathroom scale could give clinicians health data they need to preempt hospitalizations and treat patients remotely.

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When James Inman, 59, first experienced chest pain one night, he tried to brush it off and go back to sleep. But the pain became unbearable and Inman felt like something was wrong, so he called 911. That decision saved his life. He was airlifted to Cedars-Sinai where he was diagnosed with an aortic dissection -- a medical emergency requiring immediate surgical intervention.

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A single pill containing low doses of three medications to treat high blood pressure and one to lower cholesterol reduced the estimated risk of cardiovascular disease by 25% in a study published today in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).

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Despite advances in medical imaging, the mechanisms leading to the irregular contractions of the heart during rhythm disorders remain poorly understood. Research suggests existing data from ultrasound imaging can be used to work backwards to reconstruct underlying electrical causes of arrhythmias.

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A nationally recognized Rutgers cardiologist recommends that aspirin be used as primary prevention for cardiovascular disease only with select patients, saying that the scientific evidence is too diverse to support a one-size-fits-all approach.

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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has named AnaBios the recipient of a grant to further develop its unique drug discovery platform utilizing muscle cells from the human heart (cardiomyocytes).

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A single high dose of radiation aimed at the heart significantly reduces episodes of a potentially deadly rapid heart rhythm, according to results of a phase one/two study at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

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New technology from Cydar is allowing UC San Diego Health surgeons to repair aneurysms previously deemed inoperable.

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A group of forager-farmers in Bolivia’s tropical forests — known for having remarkable cardiovascular health and low blood pressure — experienced changes in body mass and diet over a nine-year period, with increased use of cooking oil being the most notable dietary change.

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Ventrix, a University of California San Diego spin-off company, has successfully conducted a first-in-human, FDA-approved Phase 1 clinical trial of an injectable hydrogel that aims to repair damage and restore cardiac function in heart failure patients who previously suffered a heart attack.

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A new Penn Medicine study, published in Nature, revealed, in mice, that CART T-cell therapy may now be harnessed to treat heart disease. Researchers used genetically modified T cells to target and remove activated fibroblasts that contribute to the development of cardiac fibrosis.

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America has the highest maternal mortality rate in the developed world. Since cardiovascular disease is the primary cause, researchers have created a blood pressure home-monitoring system to rapidly detect concerning trends in postpartum women before their situation becomes critical.

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