• New research indicates that the role of dendritic cells in kidney inflammation is more complex than previously thought. Different types of dendritic cells communicate with each other to control the magnitude of the immune response. • The findings may lead to a better understanding of various types of kidney disease.
A team of researchers from The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) and Duke University has made the first determination of the atomic structure of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a molecular sensor in nerve ends that detects cold temperatures as well as menthol and other chemicals that induce cold sensations.
The Society of Toxicology (SOT) has approved a new Issue Statement on the issues and complexities associated with understanding the health risk from low-level arsenic exposure.
The biological features of patients’ tumors partially explained a racial disparity for women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, but UNC Lineberger researchers led by Katherine Reeder-Hayes, MD, MBA, MSc, said it didn’t explain it completely. The preliminary findings were reported at the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.
Comprehensive immuno-oncology landscape analysis conducted by nonprofit Cancer Research Institute quantifies global development of immunotherapy and identifies opportunities to advance the field to improve patient care
Researchers at the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (CSI Singapore) at the National University of Singapore (NUS) have identified a novel molecular pathway by which a tumour suppressor, TIP60, inhibits the growth of cancer cells.
Like nomads who carry tokens of home on their travels, colorectal cancer cells that spread to other parts of the body appear to bring several of the species of bacteria that were their companions in the colon, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists report in a new study in the journal Science.
A team led by scientists at Van Andel Research Institute has revealed for the first time the atomic-level structure of a promising drug target for conditions such as stroke and traumatic brain injury.
DNA sequences between mitochondria within a single cell are vastly different, found researchers. This knowledge will help to better illuminate the underlying mechanisms of many disorders that start with accumulated mutations in individual mitochondria and provide clues about how patients might respond to specific therapies.
Study results revealed previously unknown interplay between two key enzymes and a novel understanding of how brain cancer tumors form and spread, according to researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
People who carry the APOE4 genetic variant face a substantial risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease. Now, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a compound that targets the APOE protein in the brains of mice and protects against damage induced by the Alzheimer’s protein amyloid beta. The findings suggest that APOE could potentially be a target for treatment or prevention.
A clinical trial using genetic testing to match acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with new therapies is now open at the University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center (UMGCCC). The center is one of seven cancer centers nationwide participating in the Beat AML® Master Trial, sponsored by the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS).
A gene controlling our biological clocks plays a vital role in regulating human-specific genes important to brain evolution. The findings from the O’Donnell Brain Institute open new paths of research into how CLOCK proteins produced by the CLOCK gene affect brain function and the processes by which neurons find their proper place in the brain.
Five student teams from Wichita State won the university's second annual Koch Innovation Challenge.
The field of circadian rhythms is being recognized with a Nobel Prize this year for the discovery of a fruit fly gene controlling the biological clock. But a series of more recent advancements – notably the first circadian gene in mammals discovered by UT Southwestern’s Dr. Joseph S. Takahashi – have elevated the research beyond flies and positioned scientists to unlock many of the mysteries of human health and behavior.
New research shows how losing a ubiquitous gene opens genetic floodgates that make prostate cancer deadly, a finding that could apply to many cancers.
Social group membership is the most important factor in structuring gut microbiome composition, even when considering shared diet, environment and kinship, according to research on lemurs at The University of Texas at Austin.
Scientists at Seattle Children’s Research Institute have unlocked the ability to engineer B cells, uncovering a potential new cell therapy that could someday prevent and cure disease.
Reducing a protein found in the mitochondria of cardiac muscle cells initiates cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, a finding that could provide insight for new treatments for cardiovascular diseases, a study led by Georgia State University has shown.
Scientists at the University of Washington show for the first time that the complex distribution of molecules within a membrane of a living yeast cell arises through demixing.
Using a database of multiple myeloma patient samples and information, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that high ADAR1 levels correlate with reduced survival rates. They also determined that blocking the enzyme reduces multiple myeloma regeneration in experimental models derived from patient cancer cells.
Researchers report creating a biologically accurate mass-production platform that overcomes major barriers to bioengineering human liver tissues suitable for therapeutic transplant into people.
A study led by Indiana University researchers found a previously undetected link between the gene that causes fragile X syndrome and increased tissue growth in the intestines of fruit flies modified to model the disease.
New research in rats suggests the possibility of bioengineering artificial ovaries in the lab to provide a safer, more natural hormone replacement therapy for women. A safe therapy, with the potential to improve bone and uterine health, as well as body composition, is expected to become increasing important as the population ages.
Proteins are huge molecules whose function depends on how they fold into intricate structures. To understand how these molecules work, researchers use computer modeling to calculate how proteins fold. Now, a new algorithm can accelerate those vital simulations, enabling them to model phenomena that were previously out of reach. The results can eventually help scientists better understand and treat diseases like Alzheimer's. The work is described this week in The Journal of Chemical Physics.
This UNC research shows how understanding the precise mix of bacteria and their interactions could become a standard part of clinical practice in treating bacterial infections, especially the more dangerous infections involving antibiotic resistance.
A University of Warwick academic is to be awarded for their outstanding contribution to UK cell biology.
Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center researchers demonstrated that mice with ovarian cancer that received drugs to reactivate dormant genes along with other drugs that activate the immune system had a greater reduction of tumor burden and significantly longer survival than those that received any of the drugs alone.
A reindeer with a red glowing nose. A heart, two sizes two small, that suddenly grows three sizes. A trip to the past and to the future — all in one night. Researchers dug deep into their reserves of scientific expertise to explain how these inexplicable plot lines in holiday classics just might be (almost) possible:
Members of the media can now register to cover the latest advances in hormone health and science at ENDO 2018, the Endocrine Society’s 100th Annual Meeting & Expo. The meeting will be held March 17-20, in Chicago, Ill.
Tuberculosis, and other life-threatening microbial diseases, could be more effectively tackled with future drugs, thanks to new research into an old antibiotic by the University of Warwick and The Francis Crick Institute.
A research team at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is using the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) to study an enzyme found in plants, bacteria and some animals that repairs DNA damage caused by the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) light rays.
In a new study of kidney disease patients, researchers used DNA sequencing to identify the underlying genetic cause of disease, improving diagnosis and treatment.
正在成为个体化医疗的重要组成部分。 微生物群落有助于改良诊断，及早发现和治疗疾病，并降低疾病风险。 Mayo Clinic的研究人员在最新一期的医学杂志Mayo Clinic Proceedings上发表了一篇综述来介绍其重要性。
A new biomarker test developed by researchers at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and their colleagues can help predict, with up to 90 percent certainty, which chemical compounds can cause DNA damage that could lead to cancer.
HHMI Investigators Joanne Chory and Peter Walter are among five scientists honored for transformative advances toward understanding living systems and extending human life.
The Universal Genomics Instructor Handbook and Toolkit, a new, free educational resource designed to educate clinicians in all medical specialties in genomic medicine, is now available to improve physician genomic education worldwide. Developed by a team led by Richard L. Haspel, MD, PhD, Pathologist at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Associate Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, the handbook and accompanying online toolkit were developed through funding from The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), one of the 27 institutes and centers at the National Institute of Health.
Researchers at Tufts are examining the behavior of stem cells within the context of aging and loss of smell. In Cell Stem Cell, they report mechanisms to regenerate adult stem cells in mice to restore smell cells: it mimics induced pluripotency, but is simpler, involving only two Yamanaka factors.
At this year’s 42nd annual NIAF Gala Weekend at the Washington Marriott Wardman Park Hotel in D.C., all aspects of Italian heritage were celebrated, including food, the fine arts, and scientific discovery. The weekend’s events included the medical conference, “Mediterranean Diet, Human Health and Longevity,” sharing the latest in research into a vital part of Italian culture –– diet and food. Conference presentations explored how the recipes of Italian grandmothers are among the healthiest in the world and can even help fight disease, such as cancer.
Two full-time University of California San Diego faculty members ó Don Cleveland, who studies fundamental cellular mechanisms in the search for new treatments for diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and James McKernan, a mathematician who investigates algebraic geometry and multivariate polynomials ó are recipients of the 2018 Breakthrough Prize, along with Joanne Chory, a plant biologist at Salk Institute for Biological Studies and adjunct professor in the Division of Biological Sciences at UC San Diego.
Two past Presidents of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB), Don Cleveland and Peter Walter, are among the winners of the 2018 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences. Cleveland, a researcher at the University of California, San Diego, was 2013 ASCB President and Walter, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, was 2016 President.
Human sperm may hold the potential to serve as biomarkers of the future health of newborn infants, according to a new study by a Wayne State University School of Medicine research team.
Johns Hopkins scientists have developed a streamlined method and accompanying efficiency “rules” for introducing new DNA sequences into cells after using the gene-cutting tool known as CRISPR. The scientists say the method, which they based on tests with mouse embryos and thousands of human cells, could improve consistency and efficiency of genome editing.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists report that combining the anti-malaria drug DHA with an emerging class of targeted agents may improve treatment of a high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia subtype
When HIV-1 infects an immune cell, the virus travels to the nucleus so quickly there's not enough time to set off the cell's alarm system. Loyola researchers have discovered the protein that helps the virus travel so fast. Without this protein, the virus became stranded in the cytoplasm, where it was detected by the viral defense system.
• In tissue samples from patients who received kidney transplants without the need for chronic immunosuppression, researchers found increased expression of many genes associated with the regulation of certain immune cells. • The findings provide an improved understanding of transplant organ acceptance and rejection.
New findings uncover the mechanisms by which gut bacteria can trigger inflammation in the brain and contribute to multiple sclerosis
Using a molecule designed to overcome a roadblock formed by a common type of genetic flaw, researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have made progress towards novel molecular treatments for Friedreich’s ataxia — a rare but fatal disorder — in the laboratory dish and in animals.
Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer, typically fails to respond to treatment or rapidly becomes drug resistant. In a paper published online in the journal Cancer Cell on November 30, University of California San Diego School of Medicine researchers identified a strategy that pinpoints a genetically distinct subpopulation of patients with glioblastoma that is particularly sensitive to drugs like cilengitide that target a cell adhesion receptor known as integrin αvβ3.
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