In an essay published this month in the Public Library of Science journal Medicine, two prominent tobacco researchers argue against adopting adult movie ratings in the United States for films that include on-screen cigarette smoking.
1) African Americans are four times more likely to develop kidney failure than whites; 2) Excreting protein in the urine contributes to this increased risk; 3) Therapies that reduce protein excretion may prevent or delay kidney failure.
In light of today’s report of the National Immunization Survey results, which underscores a relative stagnation in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates, the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine (SAHM) encourages increased efforts by clinicians to advocate for targeted vaccination of 11- and 12-year-old male and female patients, while recommending catch-up vaccination for all patients 13-26 years who have not yet received the vaccine.
A new study by researchers at the Maryland Poison Center has won the best 2010 paper award published in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety from a major scientific professional group.
Smokers who also have alcohol, drug and mental disorders would benefit greatly from smoking cession counseling from their primary care physicians and would be five times more successful at kicking the habit
Children with severe asthma are 3.6 times more likely to have been exposed to tobacco smoking before birth – even without later exposure – than children with a mild form of the disease, according to a multicenter study led by researchers at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).
Disadvantaged, unhealthy mothers are much more likely to have sickly children than are disadvantaged moms who are relatively healthy—and this is not only due to genetics, suggests new research to be presented at the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association.
A new report suggests that increasing cigarette prices combined with social and economic factors to cause the steep decline in smoking rates among African American youth that occurred between 1970s and the mid-1990s.
Hookah use among California youth ages 18 to 24 is rising rapidly according to a study conducted by researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. The study appears in the “First Look” online version of American Journal of Public Health.
One of three people listening to music were hit by a car in a simulated test of street-crossing distractions.
Complete smoke-free rules throughout their multi-unit rental properties could save California landlords up to $18 million a year statewide on the cost of cleaning apartments vacated by tenants who smoke--and protect their other tenants from the secondhand smoke that seeps between units.
1) One dose produced antibodies in 81.8% of healthy controls, but only 41.8% of transplant patients and 33.3% of dialysis patients; 2) These special groups probably need two doses of the vaccine, say authors.
For many patients, cholesterol-lowering statin drugs can reduce the risk of strokes as well as heart attacks. But Loyola University Health System neurologists caution that statins may not be appropriate for certain categories of patients who are at-risk for stroke.
New research led by Padmini Salgame, Ph.D., professor and director of the Graduate Medical Research Program at the University of Medicine and Dentistry (UMDNJ)-New Jersey Medical School, has established a connection between infection by parasitic worms, a frequent occurrence in much of the world, and the progression of tuberculosis. The research also indicates why prior parasitic worm infection can thwart tuberculosis treatment.
Vaccinations are needed by all ages, throughout life, on an annual basis, to prevent humans from becoming ill and also to prevent the spread of disease, say Loyola chairs of infection prevention for adults and also pediatrics, Dr. Jorge Parada and Dr. Andrew Bonwit.
A new study shows that a simple ultrasound test may help to identify people at high risk of stroke who have a condition called asymptomatic carotid stenosis, a narrowing of the carotid artery found in the neck, in which few or no symptoms are present. The research is published in the August 17, 2011, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Julia Hidalgo, ScD, MSW, MPH, research professor in the Department of Health Policy at the GW School of Public Health and Health Services, served as a guest editor to a special supplement of the peer-reviewed journal, AIDS Patient Care and STDs. The supplement can be accessed at www.liebertpub.com. The supplement focuses on overcoming the challenges unique to young men of color who have sex with men, a growing segment of the HIV-positive population, and evaluated strategies for providing HIV testing, treatment, and retention in care. The supplement presents the innovative outreach and treatment models derived from the “YMSM of Color Initiative,” which is a Special Project of National Significance (SPNS) Initiative of the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) HIV/AIDS Bureau.
New data on causes of pneumonia to guide the next generation of pneumonia prevention and treatment.
Six new Spanish-language consumer guides compare treatment options for common illnesses, to help patients work with their doctors to find the best treatments for them.
Could a mint-flavored additive to cigarettes have a negative impact on smoking cessation efforts? New research from investigators at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey and UMDNJ-School of Public Health shines a light on this topic. It finds that menthol cigarettes are associated with decreased quitting in the United States, and that this effect is more pronounced for blacks and Puerto Ricans.
A new study, led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, suggests that Pyrazinamide (PZA) binds to a specific protein named RpsA and inhibits trans-translation, a process that enables the tuberculosis (TB) bacteria to survive under stressful conditions.
Dr. Mariana Chilton of Drexel University, a leading expert on hunger and poverty in children, comments on new data showing widespread struggles in every congressional district, particularly affecting households with children.
Use of serological tests in India resulted in more years of healthy life lost to premature death and illness, more secondary infections, and more false-positive diagnoses of TB, compared to the use of microscopic sputum smear analysis or culture.
American University’s Matthew Nisbet featured in American Journal of Public Health.
Will graphic cigarette package warning labels significantly reduce demand? A new study in the September 2011 issue of Health Poicy suggests it will.
A new tick-borne bacterium infecting humans with ehrlichiosis has been discovered in Wisconsin and Minnesota.
A new study suggests smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and being overweight in middle age may cause brain shrinkage and lead to cognitive problems up to a decade later. The study is published in the August 2, 2011, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
You’ve heard of the Stroke Belt. Stretching across the American Southeast, it spans 11 states from Louisiana to Virginia, where death from stroke is much higher than in other regions of the country.
A UNC-led international study shows that among Kenyan men, circumcision is associated with a lower prevalence of human papillomavirus-associated precancerous lesions of the penis.
A team led by the University of Maryland School of Medicine Institute for Genome Sciences unraveled the genomic code of the E. coli that caused the German outbreak that began in May.
According to the United Nations, nearly 10 million people in Africa are experiencing one of the worst droughts in 60 years. Drought conditions are now leading to famine. Michael Galvin, a second-year student at the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, is in the east African countryside as part of a team testing the effectiveness of KickStart, a social enterprise selling low-cost technologies such as irrigation pumps to help alleviate poverty. Galvin is blogging about the farmers and families he and team members are visiting through stories, video and photos (http://kickstartblog.wordpress.com/ ). His entries give a powerful look at how the drought is impacting lives.
Dr. Philippe Douste-Blazy, under-secretary general of the United Nations, will speak at UCLA on creative financing approaches to saving lives in developing countries devastated by AIDS and civil war, particularly in Africa.
High mold count from heat, rain almost reaches alert status says Loyola University Health System Dr. Joseph Leija, allergist who performs the official allergy count for the Midwest.
Infection with E. coli bacteria can wreak havoc in children, leading to bloody diarrhea, fever and kidney failure. But giving children intravenous fluids early in the course of an E. coli O157:H7 infection appears to lower the odds of developing severe kidney failure, according to researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and other institutions.
Public health researcher Alison M. Buttenheim of Penn Nursing answers parents' questions about childhood vaccinations.
1) High risk of chronic medical conditions such as arthritis hamper aging workforce, particularly blue-collar workers; 2) Disadvantaged neighborhoods linked to trichomoniasis, a common STI; 3) State policies restricting junk food may help shrink the gap of racial disparities in adolescent soda consumption.
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered rare. But a new study by researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, working with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), provides substantial evidence that men with the HIV virus who have sex with other men are at increased risk for contracting HCV through sexual transmission. The results of the study are published in the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Rates of medication borrowing were thought to be higher in low-income populations due to factors such as a lack of access to health care and high rates of crime and drug abuse. But a new study led by Temple doctor Lawrence Ward has found that is not the case.
Low health literacy in older Americans is linked to poorer health status and a higher risk of death, according to a new evidence review by researchers at RTI International-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center.
NYU School of Medicine researchers report in a new study that exposure to tobacco smoke nearly doubles the risk of hearing loss among adolescents. The study is published in the July, 2011, issue of Archives of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery.
Bariatric surgery is not only cost-effective for treating people who are severely obese, but also for those who are mildly obese, according to a new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The findings support making bariatric surgery available to all obese people, the researchers say.
In a report released July 11 in the journal Archives of Internal Medicine, nutrition researchers from UNC’s Gillings School of Global Public Health found that having access to neighborhood grocery stores or larger supermarkets alone did not make a significant change in dietary habits. Living near fast food restaurants seemed to increase the amount of fast food consumed by lower income males, but findings were mixed across other groups, said Penny Gordon-Larsen, Ph.D., the study’s senior author.
A new study that looks at weight change over decades finds that the obesity epidemic in teens and young adults has its roots in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
The continued growth of cropland and loss of natural habitat have increasingly simplified agricultural landscapes in the Midwest. A Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) study concluded that this simplification is associated with increased crop pest abundance and insecticide use, consequences that could be tempered by perennial bioenergy crops.
A link between chemicals called phthalates and thyroid hormone levels was confirmed by the University of Michigan in the first large-scale and nationally representative study of phthalates and BPA in relation to thyroid function in humans.
The Institute for Infectious Disease Research's new Centre for Microbial Chemical Biology supports international collaborations. Its five labs serve researchers locally, nationally and internationally and provides a focal point for transdisciplinary research, bridging life and physical sciences.
Though proven effective at preventing contagious diseases, childhood vaccines are controversial, causing dropped immunization rates across the U.S. due to parents refusing to vaccinate their children. A study conducted by University of Vermont medical students found safety concerns topped the list.
Ryerson University experts are available to speak on topics related to infectious disease and control.
New research out of Ryerson University explores ways to prevent the onset of E. coli related illness.
Dr. Melvin Pascall, an associate professor in the Department of Food Science and Technology at The Ohio State University, has spent the past 15 years working to improve food safety in areas ranging from packaging to food service cleaning practices. His research has been cited by the FDA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and he has helped create national food industry dishware cleaning guidelines. He is currently conducting research to determine if the existing guidelines are enough to keep the public safe from cross contamination. With 20 million cases of acute gastroenteritis and 128,000 hospitalizations a year attributed to food-borne illness, Pascall is looking more closely at viruses as a potential culprit - and has quick tips for consumers about keeping their own kitchenware germ-free.
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