Researchers evaluated the usefulness of biomarker testing in determining the potential extent of brain trauma suffered from repetitive subconcussive head impacts sustained over the course of a college football season.
A new study shows how to personalize lung cancer CT screening decisions, so doctors can fine-tune their advice to patients based not just on individual lung cancer risk and the potential benefits and harms of screening, but also a likely range of patient attitudes about looking for problems and dealing with the consequences. Two new free online tools based on the research are now available for use.
Researchers working at Berkeley Lab coupled graphene, a monolayer form of carbon, with thin layers of magnetic materials like cobalt and nickel to produce exotic behavior in electrons that could be useful for next-generation computing applications.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center identified a novel gene they named ARLNC1 that controls signals from the androgen receptor, a key player in prostate cancer. Knocking down this long non-coding RNA in mice led to cancer cell death, suggesting this may be a key target for future therapies.
A team of Argonne researchers has reviewed 40 automotive market diffusion models from 16 countries to help determine how many plug-in electric vehicles consumers will buy over the next few decades.
Startling increases in nationwide deaths from drug overdoses, alcohol, and suicides constitute a public health crisis – spurring an urgent call for a National Resilience Strategy to stem these "deaths of despair." The proposal is outlined in a special commentary in the Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
Window material repeatedly switches from being see-through to blocking the heat and converting sunlight into electricity.
Scientists used an intense light to unveil hidden rivers that transport electricity with no loss.
New research by the University at Buffalo Research Institute on Addictions has identified a key mechanism in how aerobic exercise can help impact the brain in ways that may support treatment — and even prevention strategies — for addiction.
Four factors increase the odds that a patient will wind up on chronic opioid therapy, suggests research conducted by a team of researchers led by Nilanjana Dwibedi, assistant professor in the West Virginia University School of Pharmacy.
The research team identified novel epigenetic mutations to be a significant contributor to neurodevelopmental disorders and congenital anomalies
Carbon nanotubes are supermaterials that can be stronger than steel and more conductive than copper. They’re not in everything because these amazing properties only show up in the tiniest nanotubes, which formerly were extremely expensive.
In the journal Nature Communications, researchers report for a particular subset of lung cancer tumors, there is a high prevalence of immune cells called inflammatory monocytes. These immune cells, which normally help to build clotting scaffolds to promote wound healing, also make it possible for tumor cells to migrate and spread to other parts of the body.
Generations of Rutgers students and alumni have sung lovingly about the “Banks of the Old Raritan,” but the 90-mile-long waterway is awash in microplastic pollutants, a problem that plagues many freshwaters in New Jersey. In a recent study, researchers from Rutgers University–New Brunswick and other institutions found high levels of tiny pieces of plastic – often fragments from bigger items – in the Raritan and Passaic rivers. They later identified more than 300 organic chemical compounds that appeared to be associated with microplastic particles in the two rivers.
Researchers asked 60 adult participants (31 men, 29 women) – recruited through newspaper advertisements – to record their daily social interactions for 20 days. Specifically, for each interaction, participants reported their perception of their interacting partner’s quarrelsome behavior, their own anger and quarrelsome behavior, and the number of alcoholic drinks consumed up to three hours prior to the event.
A new replication study of the well-known “marshmallow test” – a famous psychological experiment designed to measure children’s self-control – suggests that being able to delay gratification at a young age may not be as predictive of later life outcomes as was previously thought.
Newly published report in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery that provides a comprehensive, independent analysis of the global landscape of cancer cell therapies, including all agents from preclinical to post-market stages.
A new experimental discovery, led by researchers at the University of Minnesota, demonstrates that the chemical element ruthenium (Ru) is the fourth single element to have unique magnetic properties at room temperature. The discovery could be used to improve sensors, devices in the computer memory and logic industry, or other devices using magnetic materials.
Researchers in the Arizona State University Department of Psychology found that animals, when given the choice between opioids or helping another animal, choose opioids. This finding suggests that animals have social deficits similar to the known social impairments in human opioid addiction.
Anticipating a critical strain on the ability of 5G networks to keep track of a projected 50 billion connected devices by 2020, engineers at Tufts University have come up with an improved algorithm for localizing and tracking these products that distributes the task among the devices themselves.
• A secondary analysis of a clinical trial has shown that when all patients with type 2 diabetes received comparable diabetes-related care, black race was not associated with accelerated kidney function decline, and fewer black participants developed chronic kidney disease.
Como bien saben las personas que sufren de migrañas, el dolor palpitante que se relaciona con este tipo de dolor de cabeza puede ser fuerte y debilitante. Los estudios revelan que las migrañas son tres veces más comunes en las mujeres que en los hombres.
Prehistoric people of the Mississippi Delta may have abandoned a large ceremonial site due to environmental stress, according to a new paper authored by Elizabeth Chamberlain, a postdoctoral researcher in Earth and environmental sciences, and University of Illinois anthropologist Jayur Mehta. The study used archaeological excavations, geologic mapping and coring, and radiocarbon dating to identify how Native Americans built and inhabited the Grand Caillou mound near Dulac, Louisiana.
An international team of scientists has concluded the asteroid that smashed into Earth 66 million years ago not only wiped out the dinosaurs, but erased the world’s forests and the species that lived in trees. The researchers say only small ground-dwelling birds survived the mass extinction, profoundly changing the course of bird evolution.
Lafora disease is an ultra-rare, congenital form of epilepsy; every patient diagnosed with it dies before they are 30. Research into the mechanisms of glycogen metabolism at the University of Kentucky show promise for treatments for this and perhaps other forms of epilepsy.
The use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in new concrete production can minimize the environmental impact associated with the construction industry.
A prototype for a portable instrument capable of early-stage malaria detection has been developed by a team of researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering. The prototype can analyze an unprocessed, whole blood sample in 10-15 minutes using three primary components: a laser, a detector (to detect light), and a magnet.
A study conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Senseable City Laboratory – with important input from Steven Strogatz, the Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Applied Mathematics at Cornell University – offers a network-based solution to size and operate a fleet of taxis.
A study in Science offers an explanation for a mysterious and sometimes deadly weather pattern in which the jet stream, the global air currents that circle the Earth, stalls out over a region. Much like highways, the jet stream has a capacity, researchers said, and when it’s exceeded, blockages form that are remarkably similar to traffic jams—and climate forecasters can use the same math to model them both.
Researchers from University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Arizona State University found that if a car is parked in the sun on a summer day, the interior temperature can reach 116 degrees F. and the dashboard may exceed 165 degrees F. in approximately one hour — the time it can take for a young child trapped in a car to suffer fatal injuries.
here’s plenty of fish in the sea for human fisherman and bottlenose dolphins to feast on and now, according to a study by researchers at Stony Brook University published in Marine Mammal Science, both species are using a New York artificial reef at the same time to find fish to eat – a new finding.
Sleep spindles may help memory storage keep memories separate.
A new study published in the journal Global Change Biology led by researchers from Boise State University sheds light on how to balance timber production and carbon storage in tropical forests. Tropical forests provide critical ecosystem services for life on Earth including climate protection by storing large amounts of carbon.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) give rise to blood and immune cells of the body, and are therefore essential for our survival. They are in a dormant state, but whenever new blood needs to be formed, such as after blood loss or chemotherapy, they are rapidly activated to compensate for the loss. After completing their mission, they need to go back to their dormant state. The group of Manuela Baccarini at the Max F. Perutz Laboratories, a joint venture of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, has now shown how intracellular signalling can safeguard this delicate balance between activation and dormancy. Their results are published in the prominent journal Cell Stem Cell.
Some cancers express unusually high levels of a neural calcium channel known as the ‘wasabi receptor,’ which plays a role in detecting pain, cold and other sensations. New research finds cancer cells co-opt this neural channel to increase their tolerance against toxic oxidative stress.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center have discovered that tumor cells reprogram metabolic pathways to gain control over a type of immune cell that allows cancer growth.
A new University of Iowa–led study reports educational opportunities and higher incomes may be key to closing the health gap between most black and white Americans. Researchers say socioeconomic factors, mainly wealth and education, influenced the differences in health behaviors between the groups more than other variables.
Neutron probes and theory reveal how electrons cooperate at lower temperatures.
A new study in JNCCN finds that, contrary to screening recommendations, mammography rates decline over time as women get further out from their breast cancer diagnosis; African-American women in particular were less likely to receive the recommended amount of screening.
An article published in Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology shows allergies can have serious, far-reaching consequences, especially on adolescent sufferers.
A new study has quantified, for the first time, the relationship between lack of paid sick leave and poverty in the U.S. The data indicates that, even when controlling for education, race, sex, marital status and employment, working adults without paid sick leave are three times more likely to have incomes below the poverty line. People without paid sick leave benefits also are more likely to experience food insecurity and require welfare services.
If humanity hopes to make it to Mars anytime soon, we need to understand not just technology, but the psychological dynamic of a small group of astronauts trapped in a confined space for months with no escape, according to a paper published in American Psychologist, the flagship journal of the American Psychological Association.
A study of more than 7,000 low-income, urban mothers enrolled in the Boston Birth Cohort found that fewer than 5 percent of them started folic acid supplementation and used it almost daily before pregnancy, a widely recommended public health measure designed to prevent potentially crippling birth defects.
South Asians living in the United States are more likely to die of heart conditions caused by atherosclerosis, such as heart attacks and strokes, than East Asians and non-Hispanic whites in the U.S.
The controversial Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Early Management Bundle study adds weight to the belief that early lactate measurements can make a big difference. This follow-up study found a two percent increase in mortality for each hour of delay in patients with an abnormal lactate value.
In the journal Temperature, researchers outline how quickly hot cars become fatal for children.
Writing in a new Perspective published in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers from Penn Medicine’s Center for Health Care Innovation argue that Electronic Health Records should be restructured from mere digital remakes of their old pen and paper ancestors into platforms that allow doctors to “subscribe” to their patients’ clinical information to receive real-time updates when an action is required, similar to social media feeds and notifications.
Free smoking cessation aids, such as nicotine patches and chewing gum, are a staple of many corporate wellness programs aimed at encouraging employees to kick the habit. But, new research shows that merely offering such aids for free does not help employees quit, whereas supplementing them with financial incentives is three times more effective. The study also provides the first large-scale evidence that offering e-cigarettes to known smokers is not effective at helping smokers stay smoke-free.
Among organ transplant patients, those receiving new lungs face one of the highest rates of organ failure and death compared with people undergoing heart, kidney and liver transplants. One of the culprits is inflammation that damages the newly transplanted lung.
Neurologists have identified a new type of vertigo with no known cause, according to a study published in the May 23, 2018, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
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