A team led by a University of Delaware researcher has identified the protein essential for eye lens development and clear vision. Without the protein, eyes will form cataracts; with it, lens cells are cleared and ready to see. The work is providing fundamental new knowledge on the basic underlying mechanisms involved in eye development.
Un equipo de investigadores que incluyó a científicos de Mayo Clinic identificó una tecnología para afrontar el problema de resultados falsos positivos en la detección del cáncer pulmonar mediante tomografía computarizada.
A team of researchers including investigators from Mayo Clinic has identified a technology to address the problem of false positives in CT-based lung cancer screening.
The University of Notre Dame study also indicates that nearly a quarter of dengue virus transmission is the result of mosquitoes biting those already infected before the onset of symptoms.
With the unexpected discovery of a panel of peptides from several proteins encoded by the parasite that causes malaria, new research underway at Seattle Children’s Research Institute could pave the way for a rapid screening test capable of diagnosing submicroscopic infections.
Hair’s graying is linked to innate immune response, activation of which can decrease pigmentation in hair.
The addition of a nurse-led intervention for hypertension management to health insurance coverage was more effective in lowering blood pressure (HPB) than the provision of health insurance alone in the Sub-Saharan country of Ghana, a region of Africa where HPB is rampant, according to a study publishing online on May 1 in the journal PLOS Medicine.
By stretching the amount of time proteins can be simulated in their natural state of wiggling and gyrating, a team of researchers at Colorado State University has identified a critical protein structure that could serve as a molecular Achilles heel able to inhibit the replication of dengue virus and potentially other flaviviruses such as West Nile and Zika virus.
Dr. Matthew Niemiller, an assistant professor of ecology at UAH, conducts field research in caves throughout the Tennessee Valley and around the country to better understand species that are rare, threatened, endangered, or relatively unknown.
The past quarter century has brought a striking decline in earlier-than-expected deaths among blacks in the U.S., according to a first-of-its-kind analysis performed using an extensive death records database maintained by the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health.
Ever wonder why intense exercise temporarily curbs your appetite? In research described in today’s issue of PLOS Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine researchers reveal that the answer is all in your head—more specifically, your arcuate nucleus.
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers surveyed 2,664 young adults who were current users, never users, or past users of little cigars and cigarillos, finding cigarillo packs with colors and containing a flavor descriptor were rated more positively for taste and smell, and warnings didn’t fully mitigate the draw of the packaging.
Researchers from the University of California, Irvine, Georgetown University and the University of Rochester have found that specific small molecules in blood plasma may be useful in determining whether someone has sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), commonly known as a concussion.
An epidemiological study conducted by researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Seoul National University suggests that persons deficient in vitamin D may be at much greater risk of developing diabetes. The findings are reported April 19 in PLOS One.
Dairy farmers use antibiotics to keep their herds healthy and production high. At the same time, these treatments threaten to harm public health through the creation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While the full impact of such antibiotics on humans is not completely understood, a new Cornell University study has pinpointed the financial toll that eliminating antibiotic use would have on dairy farms, a finding that could help guide regulatory policy.
In preclinical studies using cell models that mimicked liver cells of patients with the rare disease Friedreich’s ataxia (FA), a widely used cholesterol-lowering drug increased a precursor of HDL (high-density lipoprotein), the “good cholesterol.” Decreased HDL and ApoA-l levels in the general population are associated with an increased risk of death from cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Researchers found the FA patients had serum ApoA-I levels lower than healthy control subjects.
Researchers in the pharmaceutical sciences lab of Dr. Amanda Brooks at North Dakota State University, Fargo, have developed a method to improve the production of synthetic silk fibers. The goal is to develop synthetic silk fibers for biomedical and other applications. NDSU researchers developed a 3-D printed silk spinning device that mimics the natural gland structure of spiders.
It’s a simple idea: Pair the control of a neglected tropical disease with a more prominent disease that afflict the same populations to reduce morbidity and mortality. The approach could be a win-win, but for public health officials, having evidence to support implementation of an integrated approach is vital.
Sitting, like smoking, increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes and premature death. Researchers at UCLA wanted to see how sedentary behavior influences brain health, especially regions of the brain that are critical to memory formation.
It has been suggested that sexually objectified women or men are visually processed in the same fashion of an object. Far from being unanimously accepted, this claim has been criticized by a lack of scientific rigor. A team led by Giorgia Silani, in collaboration with Helmut Leder, of the University of Vienna, and scientists of the University of Trieste and SISSA have explored the conditions under which this phenomenon persists. The results of the study were recently published in the renowned scientific journal "PlosOne".
While coastal development and climate change are increasing the risk of flooding for communities along the U.S. Gulf Coast, restoration of marshes and oyster reefs are among the most cost-effective solutions for reducing those risks, according to a new study.
UIC researchers have confirmed for the first time the association of a chromosomal genetic variant with increased risk of AFib in Latinos. Latino patients were found to be at a 2.3-fold increased risk for developing AFib if they carried this common genetic variant, which is labeled rs10033464 SNP at chromosome 4q25.
Through a detailed genetic study of kinship, an international team is the first to demonstrate that just like human societies, beluga whales appear to value culture as well as their ancestral roots and family ties. They have demonstrated that related whales returned to the same locations year after year, and even generation after generation.
By visualizing dopamine neurons in a tiny worm's brain, scientists have identified a novel pathway that sustains the health of these cells. The study shows that the normal actions of swip-10 to protect dopamine neurons are indirect, derived from the gene’s action in support cells called glia that lie adjacent to the dopamine neurons. Glial cells are recognized to play a critical role in shaping neuronal development, structure, and function, however, this research offers a clear demonstration that they also keep dopamine cells alive.
Seven of the 11 animal viruses tested can potentially survive the transglobal journey from Asia or Europe to the United States in at least two commonly imported feed ingredients. That means feed biosecurity should be a major priority.
Cancer therapies that target a specific protein have improved outcomes for patients. However, many patients eventually develop resistance to these targeted therapies and their cancer comes back. It is believed that differences among tumor cells, or heterogeneity, may contribute to this drug resistance. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers are using a unique approach by combining typical cell culture studies with mathematical modeling to determine how heterogeneity within a tumor and the surrounding tumor environment affect responses to targeted drug therapies.
UCLA scientists discovered higher levels of a protein called humanin in the placenta tissue of women who give birth to severely underweight infants. The researchers suspect that humanin rises to protect the fetus during placenta failure.
Narcissists aren’t necessarily on the hunt for partners who are already in a relationship – but that doesn’t appear to stand in their way, either, new research suggests.
UNC School of Medicine researchers create a new screening technique to show that e-liquids are far from harmless to human cells and contain ingredients that can vary wildly from one type of e-cigarette to another.
A Kansas State University researcher is studying the risk of African swine fever virus in feed and developing ways to prevent the spread of the disease to the U.S.
New study at the University of Haifa reveals the first archeological evidence of the role played by pigeons in Byzantine agriculture in the Negev: improving and fertilizing soil in vineyards and orchards
Known as the silent killer, ovarian cancer is notorious for avoiding detection until it has progressed to an advanced stage. New research from Virginia Tech on fluid shear stress in the abdominal cavity is moving physicians closer to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment.
South Africa has the worst epidemic of HIV in the world. According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 19 percent of the global number of people living with HIV are in South Africa. Many people in South Africa and around the globe do not even know they have HIV.
Technion researchers have discovered a mechanism which may serve the foundation for the resistance of FIV, the virus that causes “Feline AIDS.” Because of the parallels between FIV and HIV-1, the researchers say the discovery could also assist in the ongoing fight against AIDS.
In a new approach to precision medicine research, scientists used bioinformatics tools to identify common features of genes associated with infantile spasms compared to other forms of early life epilepsy. Their analysis, published in PLOS ONE, reveals that infantile spasms are not only unique clinically, but also biologically. Focus on specific biological mechanisms underlying the genes that cause infantile spasms could help find new targets for treatment.
Researchers from the UCLA School of Nursing examined clinical records and magnetic resonance imaging brain scans of patients who were recently diagnosed with sleep apnea, and discovered several apparent connections between thinning of the brain’s cerebral cortex and apnea symptoms.
A major study led by Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine researchers reveals for the first time that water troughs on farms are a conduit for the spread of toxic E. coli in cattle, which can then spread the pathogen to people through bacteria in feces.
Deleting a single gene from mosquitoes can make them highly resistant to the malaria parasite and thus much less likely to transmit the parasite to humans, according to a new paper from scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Malaria Research Institute.
Three-month-old babies cannot sit up or roll over, yet they are already capable of learning patterns from simply looking at the world around them, according to a recent Northwestern University study published in PLOS One. For the first time, the researchers show that 3- and 4-month-old infants can successfully detect visual patterns and generalize them to new sequences.
Researchers at New York University College of Dentistry, in collaboration with Rheonix, Inc., are developing a novel test for Zika virus that uses saliva to identify diagnostic markers of the virus in a fraction of the time of current commercial tests.
A UCLA study explored the relationship between new drivers' skills to age, gender and playing organized sports or video games. The results suggest all novice drivers should undergo mandatory training, not just teenagers. Age: Among males, the older the student, the worse his driving skills score.
A study by UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland researchers, has found that “park prescriptions” provided by physicians to their low-income patients can help reduce stress and improve physical well-being in patients and their families.
The study included completion of an online survey by 27 physicians, who reported working in 15 of 26 provincial correctional facilities for adults in Ontario. This included 10 of the 13 facilities with a population of more than 200. The study identified that about half of the physicians prescribed methadone and half prescribed buprenorphine/naloxone to treat opioid dependence.
When people eat at home, there’s typically not much left on their plates – and that means there’s likely less going to landfills, according to new research from The Ohio State University.
NYU Langone study offers the first solid evidence that functional MRI scans of brain entropy are a new means to understanding human intelligence.
Nuisance pest into medically important threat? A North Carolina State University study shows that histamine levels are substantially higher in homes infested by bed bugs than in pest-free homes, and that these histamine levels persist for months – even if the bed bugs have been eliminated from the home.
Although understanding the wide-ranging effects of disasters is vital for an effective public health response, a lack of baseline data has made it difficult to attribute post-disaster changes in environmental conditions to the impacts of disasters.
A groundbreaking study of sea turtle nests and hatchlings using paternity tests to uncover “who are your daddies?” is the first to document multiple paternity in loggerhead sea turtle nests in southwest Florida. What started out as a study on female sea turtle promiscuity is proving to be very good news for this female-biased species facing rising risks of extinction due to climate change.
Computer scientists from the University of Delaware and Georgetown University have developed a new system to rapidly determine which cancer drugs are likely to work best given genetic markers for a patent – the first publicly available system of its kind.
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