UMDNJ researchers have determined a possible link between exposure to a component of urban air pollution and a change in the function of immune cells that protect against the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
Are you living in a food desert? Research in low-income communities helps pave the way to better urban health.
Neighborhood supermarket and park proximity directly related to obesity, study finds
The research findings document food and housing insecurity, lack of adequate health care, and the major impact of prior violence and current stigma & discrimination on their mental and physical healths.
Amid a nationwide organ donor shortage, the state of Michigan has found a cost-effective way to increase its donor registry, by using only print promotional materials at driver’s licensing facilities rather than a multimedia campaign, a new study finds. The results appear online in the National Communication Association’s Journal of Applied Communication Research.
African-Americans and Hispanics with major depressive disorder are less likely to get antidepressants than Caucasian patients, and Medicare and Medicaid patients are less likely to get the newest generation of antidepressants.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Arizona State University found evidence suggesting that a class of antibiotics previously banned by the U.S. government for poultry production is still in use. Results of the study were published March 21 in Environmental Science & Technology.
A new study offers the first evidence of a drug capable of preventing lethal damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, such as those occurring during a nuclear incident. There are currently no FDA-approved treatments or prophylactics available to manage the condition, known as radiation gastrointestinal syndrome (RGS), which is associated with weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, systemic infection, and – in extreme cases – septic shock and death.
Obesity adds more to health care costs than smoking does, reports a study in the March Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, official publication of the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM).
Girls less likely to play outside compared with boys.
Dr. James Turner, executive director of U.Va. Student Health and past president of the American College Health Association, is available for interviews on college students' health issues, from the flu to vaccines to depression.
More than half of all cancer is preventable, and society has the knowledge to act on this information today, according to Washington University public health researchers at the Siteman Cancer Center in St. Louis. In a review article published in Science Translational Medicine March 28, the investigators outline obstacles they say stand in the way of making a huge dent in the cancer burden in the United States and around the world.
UC Merced biochemistry Professor Henry Jay Forman discovers that tobacco smoke activates an enzyme that causes cancer cells to spread to other parts of the body.
Safety net providers in the Houston-Harris County area lack the primary care capacity to meet a projected surge in demand once the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) is fully implemented, according to researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).
Chronically ill patients in Central America struggle to pay for health care because they receive less money from relatives abroad who have been “downsized.”
Escherichia coli – a bacteria considered the food safety bane of restaurateurs, grocers and consumers – is a friend. Cornell University biomolecular engineers have learned to use E. coli to produce sugar-modified proteins for making pharmaceuticals cheaper and faster. (Nature Chemical Biology, March 25, 2012.)
A University of Delaware researcher found small quantities of radioactive iodine in the Delaware River, a major waterway. It is providing a new way to track where and how substances travel to the ocean. The iodine, I-131, is waste from thyroid cancer treatments.
Research leads to practical steps to reduce the mortality of women as they carry or give birth to their babies.
In case scenarios, pediatricians who showed an unconscious preference for European Americans tended to prescribe better pain-management for white patients than they did for African-American patients, new University of Washington research shows.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Fla., have found that when they deplete a smoker’s self control, smoking a cigarette may restore self-control.
Styling practices can lead to serious hair and scalp diseases for some African Americans, says Henry Ford Hospital dermatologist Diane Jackson-Richards, M.D. “Hair is an extremely important aspect of an African-American woman’s appearance,” says Dr. Jackson-Richards, director of Henry Ford’s Multicultural Dermatology Clinic. “Yet, many women who have a hair or scalp disease do not feel their physician takes them seriously. Physicians should become more familiar with the culturally accepted treatments for these diseases.”
Smoking, the leading preventable cause of mortality in the United States, continues to disproportionately impact lower income members of racial and ethnic minority groups. In a new study published in the American Journal of Public Health, Jason Q. Purnell, PhD, assistant professor at the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, looked at how perceived discrimination influences smoking rates among these groups. “We found that regardless of race or ethnicity, the odds of current smoking were higher among individuals who perceived that they were treated differently because of their race, though racial and ethnic minority groups were more likely to report discrimination,” he says. “In follow-up analyses considering specific types of discrimination, only worse treatment in the workplace was significantly associated with current smoking after accounting for other factors; individuals who reported worse treatment in the workplace were 42 percent more likely to smoke.”
Declines in cigarette smoking among Americans since the mid-1950s – particularly since tobacco-control policies and interventions were implemented after the U.S. Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health was released in 1964 – prevented nearly 800,000 lung cancer deaths between 1975 and 2000, according to a study led by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.
A new research survey conducted by the Center for the Study of Asian American Health at NYU Langone Medical Center shows the Bangladeshi community in New York City experiences numerous barriers to diabetes care because of limited English proficiency and lack of diabetes awareness.
A program that helps obese patients improve healthy behaviors is associated with modest weight loss and improved blood pressure control in a high-risk, low-income group, according to researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Duke University, Harvard University and other institutions.
In an attempt to reduce the number of young people who smoke, youth nationwide will speak up and take action against tobacco use in hundreds of events on March 21, for the 17th Annual Kick Butts Day, sponsored by the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. Experts at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey and the UMDNJ-School of Public Health are available for comment on cessation efforts, the development of lung cancer and other health effects of smoking.
A national team of AIDS experts at Johns Hopkins and elsewhere say they are surprised and dismayed by results of their new study showing that the yearly number of new cases of HIV infection among black women in Baltimore and other cities is five times higher than previously thought. The data show that infection rates for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, among this population are much higher than the overall incidence rates in the United States for African-American adolescents and African-American women.
Newark is one of six locations in the United States that are the focus of a new study whose findings indicate that the HIV incidence rate for US women living in areas hardest hit by the epidemic is much higher than the overall estimated incidence rate in the US for black women. The study was designed, and the national research team chaired, by Sally Hodder, MD, professor and vice chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School. The study was presented at the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Seattle.
Today, the Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods of Case Western Reserve University release new health data from Cleveland neighborhood groups on three of the most pressing public health concerns: obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.
A study led by Dr. Katrina Walsemann of the University of South Carolina's Arnold School of Public Health shows that attaining at least a bachelor's degree after 25 years of age is associated with better midlife health.
Calorie listings on fast-food chain restaurant menus might meet federal labeling requirements but don’t do a good job of helping consumers trying to make healthy meal choices, a new Columbia University School of Nursing (CUSON) study reports.
Georgia Tech systems engineers are using computer models to help resource-poor nations improve distribution of breast milk and non-pharmaceutical interventions for malaria. They are also forecasting what health care services would be available in the event of natural disasters in Caribbean nations.
How many servings of fruits and vegetables people eat may have more to do with the food shopping experience than with produce costs, according to a study by researchers at RTI International and George Washington University.
Problems with correct condom use, such as not wearing a condom throughout sex or putting it on upside down, are common in the U.S. and have become a major concern of public health officials. Countries around the world are facing similar challenges.
A strain of the potentially deadly antibiotic-resistant bacterium known as MRSA has jumped from livestock to humans, according to a new study involving two Northern Arizona University researchers and scientists from around the world.
Researchers have discovered a promising alternative to common antibiotics used to fight the bacteria that causes strep throat. In an article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the scientists discussed how their discovery could fight the infection with a reduced risk of antibiotic resistance.
Disease-causing bacteria’s efforts to resist antibiotics may get help from their distant bacterial relatives that live in the soil, new research at Washington University School of Medicine suggests.
A UCLA study has found that a new parent-training program is effective in reducing the risk of low-income, preschool-age Latino children being overweight.
Treatment with the antibiotic amoxicillin for patients with acute uncomplicated rhinosinusitis (inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses) did not result in a significant difference in symptoms compared to patients who received placebo, according to a study in the February 15 issue of JAMA.
Vaccines have had a profoundly positive impact on human health, but the practice of vaccination also has its detractors. Boise State University biologist Juliette Tinker can discuss the causes of the current loss of confidence in vaccine safety, and the impacts this loss has had on the incidence of disease.
No one knows how many homeless people died on the streets of San Francisco last year. The numbers range from the Department of Public Health’s tally of 28 to an estimate of more than 100 from groups who work with the homeless. What is known is that even one death is too many. That’s why the services offered by Project Homeless Connect can mean the difference between life and death for some people.
Cleansing a newborn’s umbilical cord with chlorhexidine can reduce an infant’s risk of infection and death during the first weeks of life by as much as 20 percent. The study is the latest in a series of studies showing that umbilical cord cleaning with chlorhexidine can save lives.
A new analysis of state laws that require health care workers (HCWs) to accept influenza vaccination as a condition of employment has been issued by the George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services. The report was funded by AHRQ, CDC, NVPO and OHQ on behalf of the Federal Increasing Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Healthcare Workers Working Group.
Counties and parishes with a greater concentration of small, locally-owned businesses have healthier populations — with lower rates of mortality, obesity and diabetes — than do those that rely on large companies with “absentee” owners, according to a national study by sociologists at LSU and Baylor University.
Researchers found that by actively identifying undiagnosed malaria and then treating those with the disease resulted in significantly lower prevalence of malaria cases compared to a control group.
Recent research reveals that despite major reductions, levels of ozone and particulates in the air continue to raise health concerns, especially in urban areas.
A new analysis published this week in the open-access journal PLoS ONE (Feb. 3, 2012) focused on a combined public health campaign in Western Province, Kenya led by the Swiss-based company Vestergaard Frandsen, the Kenyan Ministry of Health and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The analysis looked at the cost effectiveness of simultaneously confronting the problems of HIV/AIDS, malaria, and diarrhea caused by waterborne pathogens.
Sugar should be controlled like alcohol and tobacco to protect public health, according to a team of UCSF researchers, who maintain in a new report that sugar is fueling a global obesity pandemic, contributing to 35 million deaths annually worldwide from non-communicable diseases like diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
A new study has found, for the first time, that health disparities have grown dramatically among people in the same socioeconomic groups – often times more than the disparities have grown between groups.
When people in the U.S. are asked to provide their weight for research surveys, they underestimate their weight and overestimate their height, despite numerous public reports about increasing rates of obesity. Whites are more likely to do so than Blacks or Hispanics, finds a new study in Ethnicity and Disease.
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