Feature Channels: Vaccines

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By scraping tubeworms off the bottom of boats in the San Diego harbor to study them, San Diego State University

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Patrick Wilson, PhD, professor of medicine and rheumatology at the University of Chicago, and a group of researchers from three other institutions have received aGrand Challenge for Universal Influenza Vaccine Development grant – a $12 million initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Flu Lab.

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In a study published in the journal Cancer Immunology Research, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers reported on the discovery of a method for predicting whether abnormal proteins produced by cancer cells could trigger an immune response.

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In the game against an essentially unlimited pool of virus threats, humanity is seriously outmatched. In order to shift the balance, scientists need to change the game.

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Parents who take paid family leave after the birth of a newborn are more likely to have their child vaccinated on time compared to those who do not, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York.

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CARB-X, an international funder of efforts to fight antimicrobial resistance, is awarding up to $15 million to develop a strep throat vaccine based on original research at UC San Diego.

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Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the biotech startup VaxNewMo have developed a vaccine that is effective, in mice, against hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella that can cause life-threatening infections in healthy adults.

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Melanoma is a deadly form of skin cancer that has been increasing in the U.S. for the past 30 years. Nearly 100,000 new cases of melanoma are diagnosed every year, and 20 Americans die every day from it

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The growing number of children arriving at Texas schools unvaccinated makes the state increasingly vulnerable to measles outbreaks. A 5% further decrease in vaccination rates that have been on a downward trend since 2003 would increase the size of a potential measles outbreak by up to 4,000%.

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Three in 10 parents polled say that their child’s primary care office should ask parents who refuse all vaccines to find another health provider.

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New research from Cornell University details how two highly lethal viruses have greater pathogenic potential when their proteins are combined.

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For researchers with The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, the work to identify new flu strains and increase the effectiveness of the flu vaccine begins in an unlikely place – pig barns at state and county fairs nationwide.

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A new study, led by researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), identified and then reverse engineered the molecular properties shared by antibodies that are particularly efficient at inactivating or “neutralizing” Lassa virus providing a map for rational vaccine design.

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Below are summaries of recent Fred Hutch research findings, with links for additional background and media contacts.

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Inoviruses are filamentous viruses with small, single-stranded DNA genomes. Applying machine learning to more than 70,000 microbial and metagenome datasets, a team led by JGI scientists identified more than 10,000 inovirus-like sequences compared to the 56 previously known inovirus genomes.

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Women tend to have a greater immune response to a flu vaccination compared to men, but their advantage largely disappears as they age and their estrogen levels decline, suggests a study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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A new study, led by researchers from the University of California, Irvine (UCI), uncovers the long-sought-after, three-dimensional structure of a toxin primarily responsible for devastating Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).

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New estimates find dangerous stagnation of global vaccination rates, due to conflict, inequality and complacency

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A virus 100% fatal in humans who are not vaccinated.

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Parents given a handout with flu facts at their pediatrician’s office were significantly more likely to get their kids vaccinated before the end of flu season, Columbia pediatricians have found.

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Public perceptions about how scientific evidence supporting the HPV vaccine is portrayed in society and media may influence whether individuals support public health measures to increase HPV vaccination.

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In a new study, published on June 25, 2019, in the journal eLife, the researchers report that higher levels of doublets can be found in people with severe cases of tuberculosis or dengue fever.

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In honor of philanthropist Phyllis Mailman, The Mailman Foundation, the Joshua Mailman Foundation, and The Tow Foundation, have together endowed the Phyllis Mailman Professorship to support groundbreaking emerging infectious disease research at the Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. The endowed professorship will be based in the Mailman School’s world-class Center for Infection and Immunity (CII), led by director Dr. W. Ian Lipkin, a globally-recognized microbe hunter who has identified more than 1,500 novel viruses. The newly created faculty position will support a distinguished researcher in the field of emerging infectious diseases.

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The Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing today on the Lower Health Care Costs Act provides a valuable opportunity for lawmakers to address challenges compromising access to and uptake of vaccines that are among our most important public health tools.

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Duke researchers describe a previously unidentified route for antibodies to be transferred from the mother to the fetus, illuminating a potential way to capitalize on this process to control when and how certain antibodies are shared.

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Vaccinating babies against a virus that causes childhood “stomach flu” greatly reduces their chance of getting so sick that they need hospital care, a new study shows. But the study also reveals a surprise: Getting fully vaccinated against rotavirus in the first months of life is associated with a lower risk of developing Type 1 diabetes later on.

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Every day, there are more than 1 million new cases of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people aged 15-49 years, according to data released today by the World Health Organization.

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A public health, police, and military partnership to reduce the mosquito population in Sri Lanka resulted in a more than 50-percent reduction in dengue, as well as cost savings, finds a study from an international team of researchers led by NYU College of Global Public Health. The findings are published in The Lancet Planetary Health.

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Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the Africa Health Research Institute have identified a master cell that coordinates the body’s immune defenses in the crucial early days after infection. Boosting the activity of such cells could help reduce the millions of new infections that occur worldwide every year.

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Below are summaries of recent Fred Hutch research, with links for additional background and media contacts.

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As part of a program called the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program, the DOD is awarding Texas Biomedical Research Institute $2 million over the next three years to study a promising experimental Zika vaccine.

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A team at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has snapped high-resolution pictures of chikungunya virus latched onto a protein found on the surface of cells in the joints. The structures, published May 9 in the journal Cell, shows in atomic-level detail how the virus and cell-surface protein fit together – data that promises to accelerate efforts to design drugs and vaccines to prevent or treat arthritis caused by chikungunya or related viruses.

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A universal flu vaccine that could prevent a potential influenza pandemic has been a holy grail for epidemiologists around the world ever since the first flu vaccines were developed in 1938.

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The Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo’s North Kivu province remains uncontrolled despite heroic efforts on the part of international and local responders. The spread of the disease continues to pose imminent risks of cross-border transmission. In its 11th month, the outbreak has claimed nearly 1,300 lives.

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La Jolla Institute Professor Erica Ollmann Saphire, Ph.D., will lead a five-year global effort totaling up to $35 million that brings together experts from around the world to streamline and accelerate the development of immunotherapeutics against emerging and re-emerging viral threats. The international consortium is funded through the Centers of Excellence for Translational Research (CETR) program at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center’s latest findings in immunotherapy, prevention of cancer-linked viruses, health care disparities and more will be showcased at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. The conference, “Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient,” will be held May 31-June 4 in Chicago. See highlights below.

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University of Virginia Health System is joining a coalition of healthcare organizations to improve vaccination rates in western Virginia for human papillomavirus (HPV), a leading cause of cancer.

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A commentary by researchers addresses the specter of clinical, ethical, public health and legal concerns that have been raised because of the recent measles outbreaks in New York. So far, the outbreaks seem to have emanated from ultra-Orthodox Jewish residents whose affected children were never vaccinated. Their commentary is motivated in part by the availability of important and relevant data from a small case series of interviews conducted with ultra-Orthodox Jewish mothers in Williamsburg and Rockland counties.

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The re-introduction of measles, mumps and other previously eradicated diseases to the United States is nothing short of a public health crisis

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Researchers at McMaster University have invented a stable, affordable way to store fragile vaccines for weeks at a time at temperatures up to 40C, opening the way for life-saving anti-viral vaccines to reach remote and impoverished regions of the world.

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A first of its kind analysis published today by researchers at the George Washington University (GW) found that a 2016 California vaccine law boosted protective coverage against measles and other serious childhood diseases compared to states that acted as statistical controls. At the same time, the data also revealed a sharp increase in medical exemptions to the vaccine mandate, concentrated in a few California counties.

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Scientists from the University of Adelaide’s Research Centre for Infectious Diseases have developed a single vaccination approach to simultaneously combat influenza and pneumococcal infections, the world’s most deadly respiratory diseases.

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In a study published today in the Nature Communications, researchers from King's College London have shown how skin vaccination can generate protective CD8 T-cells