Researchers from Queen’s University Belfast have found that almost half of baby rice food products contain illegal levels of inorganic arsenic despite new regulations set by the EU.
Engineers at the University of Maryland have developed a new use for wood: to filter water. Liangbing Hu of the Energy Research Center and his colleagues added nanoparticles to wood, then used it to filter toxic dyes from water.
Even objective, automated vision testing—using a device called an autorefractor—gives variable results in patients with Down syndrome, reports a study in the May issue of Optometry and Vision Science, the official journal of the American Academy of Optometry. The journal is published by Wolters Kluwer.
A recent discovery by Sandia National Laboratories researchers may unlock the potential of biofuel waste — and ultimately make biofuels competitive with petroleum.
A basin in the Falkland Islands exhibits traits of a large impact crater, according to a new analysis by a team of scientists.
Neuroscientists at Tufts have discovered a new signaling pathway that directly connects the brain’s NMDA and a7nACh receptors – both associated with learning and memory –– which has significance for development of drugs to treat schizophrenia. Astrocytes are the key elements that link the receptors.
A team of University of Iowa researches has discovered a new connection between two regions of the brain that may help explain how motor skills develop. Working with infant rats, the scientists found that the hippocampus and the red nucleus, part of the brain stem, synchronize during REM sleep. Findings published in the journal Current Biology.
Immunotherapy, which has achieved remarkable results in late-stage lung cancer patients, can also hold great hope for newly diagnosed patients, cutting the deadly disease off before it has the chance to take hold and offering a potential cure, according to a new Mount Sinai study published today in Cell.
Economists have found that the most widely used model for predicting how U.S. government spending affects gross domestic product (GDP) can be rigged using theoretical assumptions to control forecasts.
The National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health, has opened the first stage of a federal prize competition designed to generate miniature, lab-grown human retinas. The retina is the light- sensitive tissue in the back of the eye. Over the next three years pending availability of funds, NEI plans to offer more than $1 million in prize money to spur development of human retina organoids.
Although the odds of developing breast cancer are nearly identical for black and white women, black women are 42 percent more likely to die from the disease. A large, multi-institutional study, published on-line May 4, 2017, in JAMA Oncology, explores the germline genetic variations and tumor biological differences between black and white women with breast cancer.
The study examined language concordance visits--duty calls where the provider spoke the same language as the patient or an interpreter accompanied the provider--for registered nurses (RN) and physical therapists (PT) from home health care services in the New York City area. Korean speakers had the highest percentage of language-concordant visits, while Spanish speaking patients had the least.
Working with mouse, fly and human cells and tissue, Johns Hopkins researchers report new evidence that disruptions in the movement of cellular materials in and out of a cell's control center -- the nucleus -- appear to be a direct cause of brain cell death in Huntington's disease, an inherited adult neurodegenerative disorder.
An international team of scientists has developed a new way to produce single-layer graphene from a simple precursor: ethene – also known as ethylene – the smallest alkene molecule, which contains just two atoms of carbon.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a biomarker that appears linked to damage to cells in the retina of the eye. The marker may make it possible to better monitor the progression of glaucoma, as well as the effectiveness of treatment for the blinding disease.
Scientists have completed the first outdoor field trial sanctioned by the EPA for genetically engineered algae. A genetically engineered strain of algae tested in outdoor ponds demonstrated that genetically engineered algae can be successfully cultivated outdoors without adversely impacting native algae populations.
New research published May 4 in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that a buprenorphine can safely cut the duration of therapy nearly in half for infants withdrawing from opioids.
Whether rich or poor, one thing unites Americans of all economic classes: Our love for fast food. A new nationwide study of young baby boomers contradicts the popular belief that fast-food consumption is concentrated among the poor.
Tornadoes and mobile homes don’t mix to begin with, but throw in the volatility of climate change and the potential for massive property damage and deaths is even higher in coming decades, indicates a new study by Michigan State University researchers.
Graves' eye disease trial led by the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center shows success of 'breakthrough therapy" to reduce suffering and disfigurement.
As the nation struggles with soaring health care costs, a new report by RTI International shows that younger women diagnosed with breast cancer face a significant treatment burden.
A gene mutation may accelerate the loss of memory and thinking skills in people who are at risk for Alzheimer’s disease, according to a study published in the May 3, 2017, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The gene mutation is called the BDNF Val66Met allele, or just the Met allele.
Growing evidence suggests that the hybridization of Tamarix may provide variation in traits that could promote local adaptation.
A map of the genome organization and DNA modifications that control growth of normal and cancerous retinal cells offers scientists a new path to understanding retinoblastoma and degenerative retinal diseases.
Job seekers who stay in the search longer or see their peers getting hired may falsify their résumés, according to new research from the University at Buffalo School of Management.
Scientists have identified a “princess pheromone” that tells an ant colony when a larva is preparing to become a queen.
Water-splitting systems require a very efficient catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction that splits water into hydrogen and oxygen, while preventing the gases from recombining back into water. Now an international research team, including scientists at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, has developed a new catalyst with a molybdenum coating that prevents this problematic back reaction and works well in realistic operating conditions.
Researchers studied the impact of conservation agriculture techniques over a span of 11 years on two different farms. The farms have soils that are typically challenging to keep productive.
A new University of Wisconsin-Madison study shows that the electricity production associated with air conditioning causes emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide to increase by hundreds to thousands of metric tons, or 3 to 4 percent per degree Celsius (or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit).
As children with single-ventricle disease, a complex and severe heart defect, undergo a series of three reconstructive surgeries, pediatric researchers have detected higher rates of brain abnormalities at each stage. The scientists also found associated changes in the infants’ cerebral blood flow that could offer important clues to improving long-term neurological outcomes in these children.
Columbia scientists observed how molecules that regulate chemical signaling in the brain interact with the AMPA receptor, governing brain function.
Scientists report in Neuron the lost function of two genes prevents infant laboratory mice from developing motor skills as they mature into adults. Researchers also suggest in their study that people with certain motor development disabilities be tested to see if they have mutant forms of the same genes. Their data show that neural circuits between the brain’s motor cortex region and the spinal cord did not properly reorganize in maturing mice lacking the genes.
College students and other 18-to-25's aren't getting the attention they need to avoid taking up smoking, says University of Montreal PhD candidate Thierry Gagné, who wrote a paper on the subject.
Researchers found that allocation of rehabilitation services differs by ethnicity, which may help explain why Mexican-Americans have worse outcomes after stroke.
A new study in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology reveals a positive correlation (Pearson r = .43) between having racial prejudice and defending racist speech using the “free speech argument” — a stronger correlation than the researchers expected.
Even a relatively mild Zika outbreak in the United States could cost more than $183 million in medical costs and productivity losses, suggests a computational analysis led by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health researchers, while a more severe one could result in $1.2 billion or more in medical costs and productivity losses.
Flying a stroke specialist by helicopter to a nearby stroke patient for emergency care is feasible, saves money and, most importantly, gets critical care to patients faster than transporting the patient to a hospital first, according to a single-patient, proof-of-concept study by a Johns Hopkins Medicine research team.
This research illustrates the potential value of fiber optic distributed strain sensors for reinforced concrete research and the potential for assessing the performance of new and existing structures.
Research shows the evaluation of structural buildup at rest is essential for quality control and performance of self-consolidating concrete.
Social smokers’ risk for high blood pressure and high cholesterol is identical to those who light up every day, new research has found.
A novel treatment offers kidney failure and kidney transplant patients with a rare disorder new hope. The treatment allows targeted elimination of plasma cell clones producing abnormal proteins that deposits in the kidneys and leads to kidney failure, according to new research.
Millions of consumers love the “softness” of their clothing after using liquid fabric softeners. Scientists from the Kao Corporation in Japan have unlocked the mechanism describing how these products work effectively on cloths and yarns, which could pave the way to more effective softening products. Their research was honored with the American Cleaning Institute (ACI) Distinguished Paper Award, recognizing the most outstanding research to appear in 2016 in the Journal of Surfactants and Detergents.
Researchers at Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at University of California San Diego mined the FDA Adverse Effect Reporting System (FAERS) database for depression symptoms in patients taking ketamine for pain. They found that depression was reported half as often among the more than 41,000 patients who took ketamine, as compared to patients who took any other drug or drug combination for pain.
Prostate HDR brachytherapy typically takes two to three hours. Patients usually go home from the hospital the same day. In contrast to permanent seed, or low-dose-rate brachytherapy, with HDR, no radioactive material is left inside the patient after the procedure. Because the radiation dose is delivered directly inside the prostate, radiation exposure to nearby critical structures, such as the bladder and rectum, is minimized.
Sudden cardiac death resulting from fibrillation – erratic heartbeat due to electrical instability – is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Now, researchers have discovered a fundamentally new source of that electrical instability, a development that could potentially lead to new methods for predicting and preventing life-threatening cardiac fibrillation.
A study revealed that while dietary gluten does not increase heart disease risk in people without celiac disease, limiting whole grains may increase their heart risk.
Migrating from one country to another can be very stressful for immigrants and their children. In the United States, however, first-generation immigrants (FGIs) have lower rates of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) than Americans despite facing more psychosocial risk factors such as poverty, lower education, and greater social and economic exclusion. This is called an “immigrant paradox.” This study assessed the risk of AUDs among the general population in France, as well as first-, second-, and third-generation immigrants.
Less than half of individuals with peripheral artery disease, which is a narrowing of arteries to the limbs, stomach and head, are treated with appropriate medications and lifestyle counseling. These findings highlight the need to improve the quality of care for this high-risk group of individuals.
The black bear population in southern New York has grown and expanded its range since the early 1990s, which has led to increased encounters with humans.
UCI's CalTeach Science and Math Program, the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences and Google today announced a partnership to address the country's shortage of computer science teachers.The grant from Google to fund this effort is $300,000.
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