Feature Channels: All Journal News

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New Scripps Research study offers guidance for more effective Ebola vaccines

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Nature freely puts together microscopic building blocks. To mimic this self-assembly would revolutionize science’s approach to synthesizing materials that could heal, contract or reconfigure. UC San Diego and NYU scientists explored this mimicry and introduced a new way to assemble specially designed microscopic blocks into small gear-like machines.

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Under warming conditions, arctic wolf spiders’ tastes in prey might be changing, according to new research from Washington University in St. Louis, initiating a new cascade of food web interactions that could potentially alleviate some impacts of global warming.

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Observations over the eastern U.S. show why emissions reductions haven't achieved the same results in winter as they have in summer.

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Quick! Snap a selfie and share the sensations! Or not. If you want to preserve the memories, process before you post, says a Baylor University psychologist.

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The Endangered Species Act is portrayed – by critics of the law, often by the media, and sometimes by conservation professionals – as increasingly controversial, partly due to the protection of species such as wolves and spotted owls. These portrayals suggest that public support for the law may be declining. However, new research indicates that support for this law has remained consistently high over the past two decades.

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Phospholipases are enzymes that cleave the tail group off of phospholipids, which make up cell membranes. These tails, or free fatty acids, can go on to act as signaling molecules. Lysosomal phospholipase A2, or LPA2, is a phospholipase from the macrophages that protect the lung.

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A new study by Cornell University neuroscientists suggests that, to some degree, we can blame limited savings on our brains in addition to our bills. According to the study, humans have a cognitive bias toward earning, which makes us unconsciously spend more brain power on earning than on saving. The cognitive bias is so powerful that it can even warp our sense of time.

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Casi todo jugador de golf lo ha sentido... minutos después de ese tiro perfecto para foto y que se desplaza calle abajo, un aluvión de tiros al hoyo fallidos conduce a un decepcionante hoyo conseguido con tres golpes más de su par (bogey triple).

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Clouds are exceptionally complex creatures, and that complexity makes it difficult to predict how and where they’ll form. But University of Utah researchers may have found a way to greatly reduce the difficulty of predicting formation of clouds. The results could fill a key gap in scientists’ understanding of how climate change may play out.

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People with chronic kidney disease are at unusually high risk of also developing cardiovascular disease; in fact, a patient with non-dialysis kidney disease is more likely to die of heart failure than to develop end-stage kidney failure. However traditional atherosclerosis risk factors contribute less strongly to cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients than in subjects with intact kidney function.

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Red-light cameras don’t reduce the number of traffic accidents or injuries at intersections where the devices are installed, according a new analysis by Case Western Reserve University.

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As students transition into high school, many see their grades drop. And while some students are resilient in the midst of this challenge, others succumb to the pressure. How they think about themselves and their abilities could make the difference, according to adolescent psychology researchers at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Rochester.

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Technologies that are reducing costs and changing the ways in which researchers and clinicians process and use therapeutic cells are showcased in the August 2018 special issue of SLAS Technology.

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The global food system is unsustainable and urgently needs an overhaul. Yet current approaches to finding solutions through applied academic research are too narrow and treat the food system as a collection of isolated components within established disciplines such as agronomy, sociology or nutritional science.

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Researchers have found a surprising way to help boost the skills of children with language impairment: Pay their parents to read to them.

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Aberrant clearance activity of microglia in particular brain regions leads to changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases

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For the first-time, researchers at IMBA- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences – develop organoids, that mimic the onset of brain cancer. This method not only sheds light on the complex biology of human brain tumors but could also pave the way for new medical applications.

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Using advanced fabrication techniques, engineers at the University of California San Diego have built a nanosized device out of silver crystals that can generate light by efficiently “tunneling” electrons through a tiny barrier. The work brings plasmonics research a step closer to realizing ultra-compact light sources for high-speed, optical data processing and other on-chip applications.

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A group of researchers led by Sanya Carley of Indiana University closely examined the history and evolution of state renewable portfolio standards and interviewed more than 40 experts about renewable portfolio standards implementation. The researchers' findings are newly published in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Energy, in an article titled “Empirical evaluation of the stringency and design of renewable portfolio standards.”

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How we see emotions on another person’s face depends on our pre-conceived views of how we understand these emotions. The study makes new insights into how we recognize facial expressions of emotion, which is critical for successful interactions in business, diplomacy, and everyday social exchange.

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A signaling pathway that helps promote normal cell growth worsens a form of leukemia by taking control of another pathway better known for protecting cells from biological stress, a new study shows.

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Researchers have long sought drugs that could help to prevent diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which afflicts about 40% of people with type 2 diabetes. Among the current contenders are a class of diabetes management drugs known as DPP-4 inhibitors. Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center now have shown that in mouse models of diabetic kidney disease, the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin produces two signs of prevention against kidney damage.

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While many people consider drinking to be a pleasurable activity at home or in social venues with friends, it can result in harm to the user and to others who are affected by the user’s drinking. These harms can include inter-personal violence, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), emotional neglect, and social embarrassment, which can adversely affect close relationships, such as with family, and extended relationships, such as with friends, co-workers, and more distant relatives. This study analyzed the impact of having close- and extended-proximity relationships with a harmful drinker among men and women in 10 countries.

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Genetic analysis of 9,200 shark fin by-products in Hong Kong reveals that several threatened shark species are still common in the fin trade after being listed on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The study is published in Conservation Letters,

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Two current drugs used to treat psychosis and depression showed anti-cancer activity in mice by blocking the movement of cholesterol within drug-resistant cancer cells, according to Penn State Cancer Institute researchers.

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Acidification of ocean waters from rising global temperatures is changing a type of rock-like algae that sets the tone for what species are welcome in ecological communities.

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Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR, announced today the publication of a study demonstrating that both nurse telephone support and home telemonitoring are cost-effective solutions in managing chronic heart failure.

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Researchers at Binghamton University, State University at New York have used a new image-based analysis technique to identify once-hidden North American mounds, which could reveal valuable information about pre-contact Native Americans.

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Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR, announced the publication of a study challenging the use of generic global benchmarks in the establishment of cost-effectiveness analysis thresholds in low- and middle-income countries.

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Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have created a material derived from crab shells and tree fibers that has the potential to replace the flexible plastic packaging used to keep food fresh.

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A new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center finds many breast cancer patients are concerned about the financial impact of their diagnosis and treatment, and that they feel their doctor’s offices are not helping with these concerns.

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What inspired the iconic red-and-yellow sky in The Scream, the painting by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch that sold for a record $119.9 million in 2012? Some say it was a volcanic sunset after the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Others think the wavy sky shows a scream from nature. But scientists at Rutgers University–New Brunswick, University of Oxford and University of London suggest that nacreous, or “mother of pearl,” clouds which can be seen in the southern Norway inspired the dramatic scene in the painting. Their study is published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. “What’s screaming is the sky and the person in the painting is putting his or her hands over their ears so they can’t hear the scream,” said Alan Robock, study co-author and distinguished professor in the Department of Environmental Sciences at Rutgers–New Brunswick. “If you read what Munch wrote, the sky was screaming blood and fire.” There are four known versions of The Scream: an 1893 tempera o

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How much sleep mothers get when they are pregnant can impact on the health of their growing baby, according to a new scoping study conducted by the University of South Australia.

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College graduates are more likely to take less-skilled jobs in recent years than ever before, and a new study from the University of North Carolina says the expansion of higher education has made each bachelor’s degree seem less exceptional to employers.

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Australian led global guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of the primary cause of infertility in women will be published simultaneously in three international journals, supported by a suite of health professional and patient resources to improve health outcomes for women with PCOS.

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En los adultos de más de 70 años, la exposición a la anestesia general y a una cirugía se relaciona con un ligero deterioro de la memoria y de las capacidades de pensamiento, dice un nuevo estudio de Mayo Clinic.

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Future astronauts spending long periods of time on the Moon could suffer bronchitis and other health problems by inhaling tiny particles of dust from its surface, according to new research.

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Mental health has recently been in the news for all the wrong reasons: unexpected celebrity suicides, an increase in depression diagnoses, the CDC’s report that the suicide rate has increased by 30 percent since 1999, etc. Penn Medicine’s Collaborative Care Behavioral Health initiative aims to catch untreated mental health issues through a preexisting relationship: the primary care physician.

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Greening vacant urban land significantly reduces feelings of depression and improves overall mental health for the surrounding residents, researchers show in a new randomized, controlled study. The findings have implications for cities across the United States, where 15 percent of land is deemed “vacant” and often blighted or filled with trash and overgrown vegetation.

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When a mutation for mitochondrial dysfunction is induced in a mouse model, the mouse develops wrinkled skin and extensive hair loss in a matter of weeks. This is reversed to normal appearance when mitochondrial function is restored by turning off the gene responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction.

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A drug currently in clinical trials for treating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease may someday have value for treating heart failure, according to results of early animal studies by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers.

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Supplemental oxygen eliminates the rise in morning blood pressure experienced by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients who stop using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the standard treatment for OSA, according to new research published online in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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Named for the mythical god with two faces, Janus membranes — double-sided membranes that serve as gatekeepers between two substances — have emerged as a material with potential industrial uses.

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• Among individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, those who were treated with tolvaptan for up to 11 years had a slower rate of kidney function decline compared with historical controls. • Annualized kidney function decline rates of tolvaptan-treated patients did not change during follow-up.

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An overabundance of “stuff” can have a detrimental effect on a person’s mental health and disrupt their sense of home, says procrastination researcher Joseph Ferrari, a professor of psychology at DePaul University.

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Argonne scientists and their collaborators are helping to answer long-held questions about a technologically important class of materials called relaxor ferroelectrics.

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In this issue, find research on black lung, opioids, police violence and more.

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Scientists add active control to design capabilities for new lightweight flat optical devices.

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Gestational diabetes may increase the risk of blood vessel dysfunction and heart disease in offspring by altering a smooth muscle protein responsible for blood vessel network formation. Understanding of the protein’s function in fetal cells may improve early detection of disease in children. The study is published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology—Cell Physiology.