A team of scientists at the University of California, Riverside, has found the concentration of metals in electronic cigarette aerosols -- or vapor -- has increased since tank-style electronic cigarettes were introduced in 2013.
Scientists have gained a new understanding of how tiny, ultra-resilient tardigrades, or “water bears,” are protected in extreme conditions. The researchers discovered that a protein named Dsup binds to chromatin—DNA inside cells—and forms a protective cloud against extreme survival threats such as radiation damage.
An experiment shows that one of the basic units of life -- nucleobases -- could have originated within giant gas clouds interspersed between the stars.
Researchers from the Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona (UBNeuro), Hospital Clínic and the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) have identified a group of genetic variants related to the starting point of Parkinson's disease.
Collaborative research from Coriell Life Sciences and colleagues validates a growing body of evidence that supports the many benefits of molecular diagnosis of vaginitis over traditional microscopy. The study—one of the largest comprehensive explorations on diagnostic methods for infectious vaginitis—compared the accuracy of traditional microscopy results for Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and Candida with newer molecular biology techniques.
In the largest smoking cessation study of cancer patients to date, researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that comprehensive tobacco treatment can help cancer patients successfully quit and abstain from smoking.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), sleep disturbance and alcohol problems are common among military veterans, and often occur together, with a large toll on physical and mental health. A new study published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research examines the interplay of PTSD symptoms and disturbed sleep, and how they affect the risk of alcohol problems over time.
The complex interplay among the arteriovenous grafts, the vessels they connect, and the blood they transport has been difficult to simulate with computers, but one new method provides a way. Researchers report in Physics of Fluids on a series of simulations that reconstructed the fluid dynamics affected by the insertion of an AVG.
Cancer Research Institute analysis of the global immuno-oncology landscape shows dramatic two-year growth in therapeutic targets and I-O drugs in clinical development
Wheat is the world’s largest rain-fed crop in terms of harvested area and supplies about 20% of all calories consumed by humans. A new study has found that unless steps are taken to mitigate climate change, up to 60% of current wheat-growing areas worldwide could see simultaneous, severe and prolonged droughts by the end of the century.
In the first large, real-world study of universal screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers, researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) have found that the most widely used and researched screening tool is less accurate than shown in previous studies conducted in research laboratory settings. The new study also revealed significant disparities in detecting early autism symptoms in minority, urban and low-income children.
The trial was conducted on 1,495 patients 50 or older who had been able to walk before having a displaced femoral neck fracture, at 80 centres in the 10 countries of Canada, the U.S., Spain, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Norway, Finland, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
• The proportion of preemptive transplants—when a patient receives a kidney transplant before starting dialysis—increased after implementation of the 2014 Kidney Allocation System from 9.0% to 9.8% of all kidney transplants. • Increases in preemptive transplantation were not shared equally among all patient groups, however, and disparities were actually exacerbated for Black and Hispanic patients and for patients on Medicare.
Results from international clinical trial ‘TWILIGHT’ could change standard of care for high-risk cases
Gallium nitride, a semiconductor that revolutionized energy-efficient LED lighting, could also transform electronics and wireless communication, thanks to a discovery made by Cornell researchers.
A new study finds nearly one in three adults with lupus use prescription opioids to manage pain, despite a lack of evidence that opioids are effective for reducing pain from rheumatic diseases.
Music has been a long-standing focus of scientific inquiry. For instance, since the 1850s, the evolutionary function of music has been a subject of keen debate.
Tracking the world's second-largest shark species has revealed that it moves to different depths depending on the time of year.
It’s often difficult to manage patients with lichen planus, but new research identifies a target that existing medications are able to address.
SLAC and Stanford scientists prove a well-known model of material behavior applies to high-temperature superconductors, giving them a new tool for understanding how these weird materials conduct electricity with no loss.
The Journal of Athletic Training, the National Athletic Trainers’ Association’s (NATA) scientific publication, released today “Preventing Catastrophic Injury and Death in Collegiate Athletes: Interassociation Recommendations Endorsed by 13 Medical and Sports Medicine Organizations”. The paper includes recommendations in six areas that address the prevention of catastrophic traumatic (caused directly by participation in a sports activity) and non-traumatic (result of exertion while participating in a sports activity) injury and death.
By connecting small, restored patches of savanna to one another via habitat corridors at an experimental landscape within the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, a nearly 20-year-long study has shown an annual increase in the number of plant species within fragments over time, and a drop in the number of species disappearing from them entirely.
Anxious mice and humans with panic attacks undergo changes to the mitochondria
A team led by David Kline, a staff scientist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, asked what would happen if they lowered the pH on a living coral reef.
The number of meltwater lakes on the surface of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet is more significant than previously thought, according to new research.
Scientists have found exceptionally preserved microbial remains in some of Earth's oldest rocks in Western Australia
Single atom catalysts are highly desirable, but difficult to stabilize. Argonne scientists are part of a team that is using repeated high temperature shockwaves to synthesize high-stability and high-efficiency single atom catalysts.
Michigan State University and University of Nebraska Medical Center researchers are refuting an earlier French government-funded study that claims titanium dioxide, a common food additive used worldwide, causes digestive inflammation and lesions in rats.
Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize technology, medicine, and science by providing faster and more efficient processors, sensors, and communication devices.
University of Warwick researchers have developed a superior method to describe the very earliest effects that Alzheimer’s Disease proteins have on the properties of brain cells.
A new way to achieve integrated photonics--a new device has been developed at the University of Delaware that could have applications in imaging, sensing and quantum information processing, such as on-chip transformation optics, mathematical operations and spectrometers.
Patches of standing water that are close together are more likely to be used by mosquitoes to lay eggs in than patches that are farther apart, according to a new study from the University of Georgia.
A cross-sectional study examined differences in protein intake, nutritional status, and physical health (muscle strength and function) among older African Americans, European Americans and Hispanic Americans. The study is the first to evaluate these physical health indicators in association with protein intake among different racial/ethnic groups. A contributing factor to the age-related changes in muscle is insufficient protein intake by older adults. Findings highlight the need for further education and evidence-based interventions to support this vulnerable population.
Does having close friends boost your self-esteem, or does having high self-esteem influence the quality of your friendships? Both, according to a meta-analysis of more than two decades of research, published by the American Psychological Association.
In a ground-breaking paper in the Journal of The Electrochemical Society (JES), Jeff Dahn announced that Tesla may soon have a “million mile” battery that makes their robot taxis and long-haul electric trucks viable. Dahn and his research group are Tesla’s battery research partner. Doron Aurbach, JES technical editor, says that this comprehensive article is expected to be have a major impact on the field of batteries and energy storage.
In a recent article in Annals of the American Association of Geographers, geographers from the State University of New York (SUNY) found that Native American land use—in particular, the use of fire—was critical in shaping the distribution of oak savannas in Western New York at the end of the 1700s.
There’s no question that as body weight increases, so too does blood pressure. Now, in a study of mice, Johns Hopkins researchers have revealed exactly which molecules are likely responsible for the link between obesity and blood pressure. Blocking one of these molecules — a signaling channel that’s found in a tiny organ on the side of your neck — effectively lowers blood pressure in obese mice, the researchers reported recently in the journal Circulation Research.
New research at the School of Dental Medicine at Case Western Reserve University looks to change the strategy in identifying seniors’ perception of oral health issues. The idea is to find a correlation between seniors who value dental care and those who seek it out, despite the cost, transportation to appointments and other common barriers.
An innovative strategy called Teens Against Tobacco Use showed promise as an effective strategy to deter tobacco use in middle and high school students, according to a research study by The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago are the first to show that lithium-carbon dioxide batteries can be designed to operate in a fully rechargeable manner, and they have successfully tested a lithium-carbon dioxide battery prototype running up to 500 consecutive cycles of charge/recharge processes.
Mount Sinai researchers have identified elemental signatures in baby teeth that are unique to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder, and cases when both neurodevelopment conditions are present, which suggests that the metabolic regulation of nutrients and toxins play a role in these diseases, according to a study published in Translational Psychiatry in September.
Investigational drug with immunotherapy may provide new therapeutic opportunity for patients previously treated for kidney and lung cancer. Pegilodecakin with pembrolizumab and nivolumab shown to be safe in Phase IB study
Three researchers from Olin Business School at Washington University in St. Louis and one from Said Business School at Oxford University have completed a study of workplace theft among restaurant workers that details, for the first time, how such stealing is contagious — and new restaurant workers are particularly susceptible. This may represent a workplace pattern where employees steal or cause their company greater unseen losses.
In the first clinical trial to evaluate two biologic therapies for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) head to head, Mount Sinai researchers found vedolizumab to be superior to adalimumab in a variety of measures. In a separate study, the investigators reported that ustekinumab is more effective than placebo as an induction and maintenance therapy for UC. The studies were published today in the The New England Journal of Medicine.
Secret-shopper-style study of nine Web-based and digital-app vendors of contraception scripts shows their services are overall safe and efficient Analysis also reveals reliable screening by vendors for contraindicated health conditions and medications in line with CDC prescription guidelines Such services may help reduce barriers to contraception and expand access for underserved populations Further improvements needed, particularly in counseling about alternative birth control methods and ensuring patient ability to adhere to prescribed medication
There may be some good news for people with vestibular migraine, a type of migraine that causes vertigo and dizziness with or without headache pain. A small, preliminary study suggests that non-invasive nerve stimulation may show promise as a treatment for vestibular migraine attacks, a condition for which there are currently no approved treatments. The study is published in the September 25, 2019, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
A trigger system powered by predictive analytics increased palliative care consultations by 74 percent after implementation
Gamma-ray bursts may actually exceed the speed of light in surrounding gas clouds, but do so without violating Einstein's theory of relativity.
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