Feature Channels: Drugs and Drug Abuse

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虽然研究显示药物辅助治疗可帮助阿片类药物成瘾者，但根据对目前阿片类药物成瘾医疗数据的综述，美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准的三种药物未被充分利用。该综述发表在Mayo Clinic Proceedings的十月刊中。

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Obwohl die Forschung zeigt, dass opioidabhängigen Menschen durch eine medikamentengestützte Behandlung geholfen werden kann, werden die drei von der Food and Drug Administration (FDA) zugelassenen Medikamente nicht ausreichend eingesetzt, so eine Untersuchung der aktuellen medizinischen Daten zur Opioidabhängigkeit in den USA.

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Bien que la recherche montre qu'un traitement médicamenteux peut aider les personnes dépendantes aux opiacés, les trois médicaments approuvés par la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sont sous-utilisés, selon un examen des données médicales actuelles sur la dépendance aux opiacés aux États-Unis.

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Embora as pesquisas mostrem que tratamentos auxiliados por medicamentos podem ajudar os dependentes de opioides, os três medicamentos aprovados pela Food and Drug Administration são pouco usados, de acordo com uma análise dos dados médicos atuais sobre dependência de opioides nos EUA.

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The University of Illinois at Chicago has received $2.8 million in funding from the National Institutes of Health to investigate non-opioid pain management strategies for people with kidney disease, which affects about 15% of adults in the U.S. With the funding, UIC will be one of eight clinical centers studying alternative pain management solutions for adults on maintenance dialysis

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Aunque los estudios revelan que el tratamiento con medicamentos ayuda a la gente adicta a los opioides, poco se recurre a los tres fármacos autorizados por la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de Estados Unidos, informa una revisión de los datos médicos actuales sobre la adicción a los opioides en Estados Unidos.

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A UC Davis research team, led by Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy and Heike Wulff, will receive a $1.5 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop a novel class of peptides that are better at treating pain and don’t have the side effects of opioids. The grant is part of the NIH initiative Helping to End Addiction Long-Term (HEAL Initiative).

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For young people, being the victim of violence can lead to risky sexual behavior.

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For people with substance use disorders, their brains tell them they must use to stay alive. Now, we know the same thing happens in the brains of the people caring for them.

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Scientists from the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs will lead a $25 million National Institutes of Health study testing treatments, including the use of telemedicine, to help fight the opioid epidemic in rural America.

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A new study finds nearly one in three adults with lupus use prescription opioids to manage pain, despite a lack of evidence that opioids are effective for reducing pain from rheumatic diseases.

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A team of researchers led by Wayne State University this week received one of 375 grant awards across 41 states made by the National Institutes of Health in fiscal year 2019 to apply scientific solutions to reverse the national opioid crisis.

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Wistar was awarded two major grants totaling more than $12 million from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health, to fund an international multidisciplinary clinical research consortium spearheaded by Wistar’s HIV Research Program.

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Rutgers School of Dental Medicine (RSDM) was awarded an $11.7 million grant from the National Institutes of Health, (NIH) for research on the combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen as an alternative to opioids.

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Hardly a day goes by without the public being warned about the dangers of opioids. But still, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, more than 130 people die every day of opioid overdose and the problem is getting worse. A Houston Methodist pain specialist says new advancements in pain management are giving patients options.

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The University of Kentucky recently received an $8.8 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health, to establish a Clinical Research Center as part of the Justice Community Opioid Innovation Network (JCOIN) to support research on quality addiction treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) in criminal justice settings nationwide. The grant will be used to create the Kentucky Women’s Justice Community Opioid Innovation Network (WJCOIN) to enhance access to opioid use disorder treatment for women as they transition from jail the community.

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Whitney Luke, MD, a board certified pain medicine and addiction medicine specialist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, explains how to properly taper opioid medication.

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Though research shows that medication-assisted treatment can help people who are addicted to opioids, the three drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are underused, according to a review of current medical data on opioid addiction in the U.S. This review appears in the October issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings.

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The American Chiropractic Association (ACA) is pleased to announce that ACA Senior Scientific Advisor Christine Goertz, DC, PhD, has been appointed by the Comptroller of the United States to a three-year term as chair of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) Board of Governors.

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A minority of people who use illicit opioids indicated a preference for fentanyl, the super-potent synthetic opioid that accounts for much of the recent rise in U.S. overdose deaths, according to a new study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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U.S. physicians are increasingly ordering medications for children for conditions that are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration, according to a Rutgers study.

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An international research team is perfecting a method to predict the potential clinical implications of new drugs before clinical trials even start.

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Vivek H. Murthy, MD, MBA, the 19th U.S. Surgeon General and previous Vice Admiral of the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, will join the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health as the Distinguished Policy Scholar, beginning in September 2019.

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Results of a recent study suggest that using an alternative MMA regimen of the pain relievers oral acetaminophen and gabapentin, as well as intravenous acetaminophen during surgery, is safe and more effective than conventional pain relief treatments that include opioids. The results were published in the print issue of JAMA on Sept. 1.

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In this newly published paper authors Hui Li, Ph.D., and Pak King Wong, Ph.D., (The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA), Michael Morowitz, Ph.D., (University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA) and Neal Thomas, Ph.D., (Penn State University, PA, USA) describe their development of a novel technology approach designed to help clinicians better manage bacterial infection diagnosis and treatment, reduce the improper use of antibiotics and limit the spread of drug-resistant organisms.

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Patients found unconscious after a prolonged period of time – typically due to opioid overdose – are at risk of developing a serious complication called compartment syndrome, reports a study in the September 4, 2019 issue of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.

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Patients in the United States and Canada are seven times as likely as those in Sweden to receive a prescription for opioid medications after surgery, according to a new multi-institutional study led by researchers from Penn Medicine.

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New research correlates inflammation in the brain and gut to negative emotional state during opioid withdrawal

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An Oklahoma judge ordered Johnson & Johnson to pay $572 million for its role in the opioid crisis in a historic ruling Aug. 26. A federal case in Ohio involves at least 1,600  lawsuits from cities and counties throughout the country. Oxycontin maker Purdue Pharma has offered to settle more than 2,000 lawsuits from states and cities for between $10 billion and $12 billion.

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Alcohol and other drug intoxication in minors is a public health challenge. European surveys reveal that schoolchildren start drinking alcohol at an average age of 12, and a third of Spanish 14 to 18 year-olds admit to binge drinking ─ consuming five or more drinks per occasion ─ within the last month. Although alcohol is the most commonly abused substance among minors in Western countries, poly-drug use (often involving cannabis and alcohol) is increasingly common.

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As the opioid tramadol has grown in popularity so too have documented cases of adverse effects. In a new study, researchers at Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at UC San Diego show that patients who take tramadol are at greater risk for hypoglycemia, abnormally low blood sugar.

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“Will the baby be OK?” In cases of prenatal opioid exposure, the answer is unclear. As part of a National Institutes of Health initiative to study the effects of a child’s environment on his or her life outcomes, University of Utah developmental psychologist Elisabeth Conradt and her colleagues collected and reviewed 52 publications to identify what’s known so far about how prenatal opioid exposure affects childhood outcomes and development.

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For those struggling with opioid addiction, it is a constant battle to feel well. To better serve patients with this medical condition, the Family Health Centers at NYU Langone have developed

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PNNL vapor detection technology quickly and accurately identifies explosives, deadly chemicals, and illicit drugs

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The new Penn PET Addiction Center of Excellence—funded by a five-year, $8.9 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse—will be the first of its kind dedicated to the use of PET imaging to investigate the neurobiology of people suffering from opioid use disorders.

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Buprenorphine and naltrexone can help break a person’s addiction to life-threatening opioid use disorder, but they can be hard for front-line, primary care providers to prescribe, according to researchers at McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth).

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Millennials lead the escalating interest in marijuana and cannabinoid compounds for managing pain – with older generations not far behind – and yet most are unaware of potential risks. Three-quarters (75%) of Americans who expressed interest in using marijuana or cannabinoids to address pain are under the impression they are safer or have fewer side effects than opioids or other medications, according to a nationwide survey commissioned by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA).

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The findings should encourage doctors to better manage mental health in patients with breast cancer and spur care providers to consider alternative pain management such as physical therapy, massage and acupuncture, the researchers say.

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The amount of opioids prescribed for patients after heart and lung surgery has a direct relationship with the risk for opioid dependency and “persistent opioid use” several months after the operation.

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People who frequent electronic dance music (EDM) parties often use multiple drugs simultaneously and experience adverse effects with some ending up in the emergency department, say researchers at New York University School of Medicine and Rutgers University.

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A CDC report on antibiotics use in health care U.S. healthcare settings show progress made in promoting appropriate use of infection-fighting drugs, but strengthened and continued efforts needed.

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-- A drug used to slow cognitive decline in adults with Alzheimer's disease appears to reverse brain inflammation and neuron damage in rats exposed to alcohol during adolescence.

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Saint Louis University pain researchers will investigate a promising but little understood pain signaling pathway in the hopes of opening up a new avenue for pain medication research.