Quantitative tools developed in math and physics to understand bifurcations in dynamical systems could help ecologists and biologists better understand -- and predict -- tipping points in animal societies.
Women with ovarian or endometrial cancer who followed the ketogenic diet for 12 weeks lost more body fat and had lower insulin levels compared to those who followed the low-fat diet. Researchers say ketogenic diets limit the ability of cancer to grow, which gives the patient’s immune system time to respond.
Patients who receive care in a for-profit hospital are more likely to be readmitted than those who receive care in nonprofit or public hospitals, according to a new study published by University of Illinois at Chicago researchers.
Increases in federal transfers, money that the federal government sends to states to improve the well-being of citizens, are strongly associated with a decrease in infant mortality rates, finds a new study from the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis.“Holding all other variables constant, a $200 increase in the amount of federal transfers per capita would save one child’s life for every 10,000 live births,” said Michael McLaughlin, a doctoral student at the Brown School and lead author of the study, “The Impact of Federal Transfers Upon U.
Between 25 and 30% of children under the age of 18 in the United States do not get enough sleep. Sleep deprivation in children can lead to behavioral and mood problems that can negatively affect school performance, social interactions and physical wellbeing. Children from lower-middle-class families or families who live at or near the poverty line get less sleep and lower quality sleep than their peers from families with more income and resources. In a study that will be published in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence, researchers in the Arizona State University Department of Psychology have uncovered a potential mechanism that explains why children living in lower socioeconomic situations experience less and poorer sleep than their wealthier counterparts. The study is currently available online.
Firms that are planning to go public may want to consider a two-stage Initial Public Offering to reduce underpricing and volatility of the stock.
Scientists improve our understanding of the relationship between fundamental forces by re-creating the earliest moments of the universe.
The discovery made by Notre Dame researchers and their collaborators tosses a new wrench into the process of building better molecules to develop immunotherapies
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have unraveled new insights into the way cells leverage G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their cellular waste disposal systems to control inflammation. The findings, published September 18 in Cell Reports, suggest some existing cancer drugs that inhibit these cellular activities might be repurposed to treat vascular inflammation, which occurs when artery-blocking plaques form in atherosclerosis.
UCLA researchers have discovered genetic similarities between the adult stem cells responsible for maintaining and repairing epithelial tissues — which line all of the organs and cavities inside the body — and the cells that drive aggressive epithelial cancers. Their findings could bring about a better understanding of how aggressive, treatment-resistant cancers develop and progress, and could eventually lead to new drugs for a range of advanced epithelial cancers such as lung, prostate and bladder cancers.
It sounds like the stuff of George Lucas' universe, but it may be real. There may be life on the moons of rogue planets — solitary planets that have been ejected from their host star and which drift through the galaxy. A few observations and some prevailing theories about planet formation and life inspired UNLV astrophysicists to consider this possibility. The results of their study will appear in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Early care and education programs should meet children’s nutrition needs and promote their optimal growth in safe and healthy environments, according to an updated position paper published by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
In an article published in Creativity Research Journal, Georgetown researchers address neuro-ethical concerns associated with the increasing use of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES).
Argonne scientists and their collaborators have developed a new model that merges basic electrochemical theory with theories used in different contexts, such as the study of photoelectrochemistry and semiconductor physics, to describe phenomena that occur in any electrode.
Companies dealing with liquids ranging from wastewater to molten metals could benefit from a prize-winning device developed by researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) and Princeton University.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists have identified another way the process that causes oil to form droplets in water may contribute to solid tumors, such as prostate and breast cancer. The findings appear today in the journal Molecular Cell. Researchers found evidence that mutations in the tumor suppressor gene SPOP contribute to cancer by disrupting a process called liquid-liquid phase separation. Liquid-liquid phase separation is seen often in nature and is the reason why oil and vinegar separate in salad dressing.
A síndrome de burnout dos médicos residentes nos EUA é comum e suas maiores taxas estão concentradas em algumas especialidades, de acordo com a pesquisa da Mayo Clinic, OHSU e outros colaboradores. As descobertas serão publicadas na terça-feira, 18 de setembro, no Journal of the American Medical Association. A síndrome de burnout entre os médicos é uma combinação perigosa de exaustão e despersonalização que contribui para que médicos cometam erros ao cuidar de pacientes.
روتشستر، مينيسوتا – يعد إرهاق الأطباء المقيمين حالة شائعة في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، وتتركز أعلى معدلاتها في تخصصات بعينها وفقًا للبحث الذي أشرفت عليه Mayo Clinic، وجامعة أوريغون للصحة والعلوم (OHSU) ومعاونوهما. ومن المقرر أن تُنشر نتائج هذا البحث يوم الثلاثاء القادم الثامن عشر من سبتمبر في مجلة الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (Journal of the American Medical Association). ويوصف إرهاق الأطباء بأنه مزيج ذو آثار خطرة من الشعور بالتعب واضطراب الشخصية يسهم في ارتكاب الأطباء للأخطاء أثناء تقديمهم خدمات الرعاية الصحية.
Separated entry and exit doors for calcium keep energy production smooth in the powerhouses of heart cells.
New research from the Monell Center suggests that a little-understood sensory cell may protect the vulnerable olfactory epithelium by detecting and initiating defenses against viruses, bacteria, and other potentially harmful invaders.
Scientists continue to unravel links between body weight and the gut microbiome. Now, researchers from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP) report an unexpected finding: mice fed a fatty diet and mannose, a sugar, were protected from weight gain, leaner and more fit—and this effect tracked with changes in the gut microbiome. The study published today in Cell Reports.
Resident physician burnout in the U.S. is widespread, with the highest rates concentrated in certain specialties, according to research from Mayo Clinic, OHSU and collaborators.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an umbrella term for a number of gut disorders—including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—remains a clinical challenge. Now, researchers from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP), in collaboration with scientists at Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, have identified a protein that drives intestinal inflammation. This finding highlights new opportunities for creating targeted therapeutics. The study published today in Cell Reports.
根据Mayo Clinic，OHSU和合作者的研究，美国的住院医师的工作倦怠现象十分普遍，其中最高的比率集中在某些专科。 该研究结果发表在9月18日星期二出版的《美国医学会杂志》 （Journal of the American Medical Association）上。 医师工作倦怠是疲劳和自我感丧失的危险组合，导致医师在提供医疗服务时犯错误。
A new study led by Florida State University offers some hope that Earth’s soil carbon reservoirs might not be quite as vulnerable as experts predict.
Racial and ethnic discrimination takes a toll on adolescents and is linked to their depression, poor self-esteem, lower academic achievement, substance use and risky sexual behavior, according to a meta-analysis published in the American Psychological Association’s flagship journal, American Psychologist.
Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR (the professional society for health economics and outcomes research), announced the publication of a series of articles that tackle the challenges associated with assessing the value of next-generation sequencing technologies in clinical care.
Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR (the professional society for health economics and outcomes research), announced today the publication of a study providing detailed information on factors determining the adoption of new technologies from clinicians’ points of view.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers at the National University of Singapore (NUS) has developed a portable, easy-to-use device for quick and accurate screening of diseases. This versatile technology platform called enVision (enzyme-assisted nanocomplexes for visual identification of nucleic acids) can be designed to detect a wide range of diseases – from emerging infectious diseases (e.g. Zika and Ebola) and high-prevalence infections (e.g. hepatitis, dengue, and malaria) to various types of cancers and genetic diseases.
Artificial neural networks—algorithms inspired by connections in the brain—have “learned” to perform a variety of tasks, from pedestrian detection in self-driving cars, to analyzing medical images, to translating languages. Now, researchers at the University of California San Diego are training artificial neural networks to predict new stable materials.
In the first study of its kind, researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have found significantly lower birth weights in male infants—an average decrease of 38 grams, or approximately 1.3 ounces—born to women who had been exposed to trauma at some point in their lives and who secreted higher levels of cortisol, a hormone related to stress, in late pregnancy.
For people with the genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 1, a three-base pair deletion in the NF1 gene has a mild phenotype, but the mutation causes complications that include non-optic brain tumors, mostly low-grade and asymptomatic, as well as cognitive impairment and/or learning disabilities.
A new study from the University of Iowa finds that type 2 diabetes is overwhelmingly the most common type of diabetes diagnosed in American adults who have the disease. The study found that among Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes, 91.2 percent have type 2 and 5.6 percent have type 1.
A new study suggests that defenses against extreme temperatures give E. coli bacteria an advantage in fending off certain drugs. The work could help doctors administer antibiotics in a more precise way.
UT Southwestern researchers today report the first use of CRISPR genome-wide screening to identify a gene that helps cells resist flavivirus infection.
Anyone who peruses relationship settings on social media knows that our interactions with other humans can be intricate, but a new study in Nature: Scientific Reports suggests that researchers may be overlooking some of these same complexities in the social relations of our closest primate relatives, such as chimpanzees and macaques.
Women receiving silicone breast implants may be at increased risk of several rare adverse outcomes compared to the general population, reports a study in Annals of Surgery. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
UCLA researchers have created a quick and effective mechanism to measure how these circulating tumor cells perform functions that drive cancer.
Using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Columbia Engineers are first to observe how CO2 is activated at the electrode-electrolyte interface; their finding shifts the catalyst design from trial-and-error paradigm to a rational approach and could lead to alternative, cheaper, and safer renewable energy storage.
Water molecules line up tiny particles to attach and form minerals; understanding how this happens impacts energy extraction and storage along with waste disposal.
Rapid deoxygenation in the Gulf of St. Lawrence is caused by shifts in two of the ocean’s most powerful currents: the Gulf Stream and the Labrador Current. A detailed model shows that large-scale climate change is causing oxygen to drop in the deeper parts of this biologically rich waterway.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo have recorded the largest magnetic field ever generated indoors -- a whopping 1,200 tesla, as measured in the standard units of magnetic field strength. The high magnetic field also has implications for nuclear fusion reactors, a tantalizing if unrealized potential future source of abundant clean energy. The experiments that set the new world record are described in this week’s Review of Scientific Instruments.
Ingestion of degrading ocean plastics likely poses a substantial risk to the survival of post-hatchling sea turtles because the particles can lead to blockages and nutritional deficiencies, according to new research from Loggerhead Marinelife Center and the University of Georgia.
UAB researchers will implement a new home-intervention model to teach mothers and children to form healthy habits right in the comfort of their homes.
Using cloud computing and data from 143 weather radar stations across the continental United States, Cornell Lab of Ornithology researchers can now estimate how many birds migrate through the U.S. and the toll that winter and these nocturnal journeys take. Their findings are published in Nature Ecology & Evolution.
The sport of rock climbing is gaining international attention, having been approved for inclusion in the 2020 Olympic Games. But news headlines about the sport are still dominated by reports of gruesome injuries and near-death falls. Are rock climbers going out of their way to seek these risks? A new study published in Risk Analysis: An International Journal reveals that decreasing the level of injury risk at a climbing site generates substantial welfare gains for climbers.
The Journal of the American Medical Association published an article by University of Illinois at Chicago epidemiologist S. Jay Olshansky on the need for researchers and clinicians to focus less on prolonging lifespan and more on prolonging "healthspan."
Glaucoma is a disease where the optic nerve gets damaged and the main risk factor is elevated eye pressure (also called intraocular pressure, IOP). The only treatment is to lower the IOP.
Astronomers using Hubble's near-infrared vision to look at nearby neutron star RX J0806.4-4123 were.surprised to see a gush of infrared light coming from a region around the neutron star. That infrared light might come from an 18-billion-mile-across circumstellar disk.
A study in Nature Biomedical Engineering shows that skin stem cells, modified via CRISPR and transplanted back to donor mice, can protect addicted mice from cocaine-seeking and overdose.
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