A test of protein in the blood gets further support as a biomarker for patients diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a group of brain disorders with few treatment options. These disorders are characterized by changes in behavior, cognition, language or movement.
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Reilly et al. propose loss of LMNB1, the gene encoding lamin B1, often deleted in MDS/AML, as a novel genetic basis for the abnormal nuclear shape of neutrophils (known as acquired Pelger-Huët anomaly) and a cause o
Despite the surrounding controversy, quantitative sex-based differences exist in the human brain. In a recent issue of Nature, Kelava et al. shed light on the mechanisms underlying increased brain volume and neuron density in males, while highlighti
Efficient maturation of in vitro-generated cells remains a challenge and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here Wickramasinghe and colleagues show that PPAR signaling acts in an isoform-specific manner to enhance metabolic and electrop
Our study comprehensively reveals the spatiotemporal dynamics of regional specification and state transition in the microglia of the developing human brain. By comparing microglia from mice and humans, we assess the conservation of state transitions
Du et al. discover a chemical cocktail of five small molecules (5SM) promoting adult mammalian CM proliferation and heart regeneration after myocardial infarction. 5SM potentially targets α1 adrenergic receptor, JAK1, DYRKs, PTEN, and MCT1 and make
Du et al. transplanted β cells derived from pluripotent stem cells in diabetic monkeys for the first time, as an intermediate stage toward clinical translation. They observed benefits unfolding over months but also observed immune rejection of the
Kong et al. present Capybara, a computational pipeline to classify discrete cell identity and intermediate “hybrid” cell states. They apply Capybara to identify hybrid states in cardiac reprogramming, off-target neural identities in motor neuron
Recent advances and current challenges in multicellular cardiac organoids and tools for assessing cardiac organoids for clinical application are discussed.
Artificial thymic organoids (ATOs) allow the selective differentiation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-transduced human iPSCs into CAR-T cells. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Wang et al. now use ATOs to produce human CD19+ CAR-T cells that mimi
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Gómez-Salinero et al. (2022) identify c-Maf as a driver for murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) fate and function during liver development, homeostasis, and repair. Similarly, c-Maf defines human LSECs,
Abnormal nuclear morphology is a hallmark of cancerous cells. Here, Reilly et al. demonstrate that deletion of lamin B1, which is common in myeloid malignancies, causes acquired Pelger-Huët nuclear anomaly and links aberrant nuclear morphology with
Sun et al. discover that myogenic progenitors derived from hPSCs could engraft and mature to become local satellite cells in vivo after transplantation. These engrafted MPCs not only function as satellite cells in muscle regeneration but could also
Blood vessels adapt to the requirements of each organ. In the liver, this adaptation is a progressive specialized transition from fetal to postnatal development, which is facilitated by the transcription factor c-Maf. In vitro c-Maf induces a liver-
… Despite ongoing attempts since the 1990s, no stably defined pig epiblast-derived stem cell line has been established. Here, guided by … in vitro culture medium for establishing and maintaining stable pluripotent stem cell lines from pig E10 …
A species of bacteria that infect corn crops compel their hosts to produce a feast of nutrients that keeps the pathogens alive and thriving long before they start to kill the plant’s cells, new research shows.
The findings suggest these single-celled organisms have programmed or regulated cell-death mechanisms like those that are known to work in animals and other complex organisms.
How do the lungs develop after taking their first breaths outside the womb? What cellular events and changes early in life give rise to lung malfunction and disease? To help answer these questions, scientists have constructed the first single-cell atlas of postnatal lung development in humans and mice. The research could help provide a more detailed understanding—at the level of individual cells—of which genetic and epigenetic factors affect lung health across the human lifespan, starting from birth.
Metabolic syndrome increases a person’s risk for diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, and includes conditions such as obesity, high blood pressure and high blood sugar. In a recent mouse-model study, published in Cell Metabolism, researchers at University Hospitals (UH), Harrington Discovery Institute at UH, and Case Western Reserve University have furthered their progress to develop a drug to treat metabolic syndrome by identifying a receptor that controls appetite and body weight.
New study outlines scalable protocol to enhance development and understanding of human pluripotent stem cells in cardiac muscles
Mutation of a gene called ARID2 plays a role in increasing the chance that melanoma, a deadly skin cancer, will turn dangerously metastatic, Mount Sinai researchers report.
UTSW scientists identify key molecule produced by male parasitic worms that affects sexual maturity in females and leads to schistosomiasis
Scientists have created a battery designed for the electric grid that locks in energy for months without losing much storage capacity. It’s a step toward batteries that can be used for seasonal storage: saving renewable energy in one season, such as the spring, and spending it in another, like autumn.
The poor function of microglia, the brain’s immune cells in individuals exposed to early life adversity (ELA) promotes aberrant responses to stress in adulthood that may be linked to mental illness, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of California, Irvine. During brain development, microglia prune unnecessary synapses resulting in the formation of refined, functional circuits. Disruption of that process leaves too many synapses, changing the behavioral and hormonal responses to further stresses later in life.
UT Southwestern researchers have identified a four-protein complex that appears to play a key role in generating ribosomes – organelles that serve as protein factories for cells – as well as a surprising part in neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings, published in Cell Reports, could lead to new ways to manipulate ribosome production, which could impact a variety of conditions that affect human health.
Researchers have found that dysfunction in an important cell subtype in the brain’s neuronal network contribute to chronic symptoms in the neurodevelopmental disorder Dravet syndrome.
University of Notre Dame researchers have discovered another way tumor cells transfer genetic material to other cells in their microenvironment, causing cancer to spread.
People who consume sugar and other carbohydrates in excess over a long period of time have an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disease.
Ebola virus polymerase hijacks a cellular protein called GSPT1. An experimental drug that targets GSPT1 for degradation can also halt Ebola virus infection in human cells.
An antiviral drug used to treat SARS-CoV-2 remains effective against the newest variants of the evolving virus, according to Rutgers researchers. The study, published in the journal Cell Research, is one of the first to explore the full extent of SARS-CoV-2 mutations.
Mount Sinai scientists have developed a new technology allowing them to link specific genes to complex tumor characteristics at a scale and resolution not previously possible. The results could lead to new approaches for targeting anti-cancer drugs.
A laboratory study at the Miller School of Medicine’s Desai Sethi Urology Institute has uncovered new clues about the cellular processes that can lead to deficiencies of androgens (male hormones) such as testosterone.
New study provides insights into how the microbiome processes seaweed, consumed around the world in various forms, including sushi and as a processed food additive.
When we are stressed or excited, it can be difficult for us to fall asleep—and finding ways to wind down prior to sleep is a habit of many.
Few approaches have been made toward exploring autologous NK cells in settings of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of infusing multiple doses of ex vivo activated and expanded autologous NK cells in patients with …
For the first time, scientists used entire human GI tracts from three organ donors to show how cell types differ across all regions of the intestines, to shed light on cellular functions, and to show gene expression differences between these cells and between individuals.
… Moreover, we discovered an unprecedented role of a GFAP + specific glial cell subpopulation in stem cell niche regulation through activation of WNT signaling. Our findings highlight the mechanisms by which functional glial cell heterogeneity …
Scientists at McMaster University who have developed an inhaled form of COVID vaccine have confirmed it can provide broad, long-lasting protection against the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. The research, recently published in the journal Cell, reveals the immune mechanisms and significant benefits of vaccines being delivered directly into the respiratory tract, rather than by traditional injection.
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An international team led by the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has discovered novel properties of the protein Gasdermin B that promotes repair of cells lining the gastrointestinal tract in people with chronic inflammatory disorders like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
… In summary, despite the challenges that remain, these preliminary studies transplanting human stem cell-derived PECs into patients with diabetes provide promising evidence for the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of using stem cell-based …
The adult neurogenic niche in the hippocampus is maintained through activation of reversibly quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) with radial glia-like morphology (RGLs). Here, we show that the expression of SoxD transcription factors Sox5 and Sox6 is …
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A new study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) provides important insights into cancer metastasis.
The first generation of COVID-19 vaccines have been highly effective, but also have limitations. Now Wistar scientists have developed a more targeted vaccine that, in animal studies, shows stronger, broader, and more durable protection in a single, low dose.
… We performed scATAC-seq on human fetal retina and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived retinal organoids (Table S1), including 7 fetal retinas (2 that were cultured for 4 days in vitro [DIV]) and 5 organoid samples containing approximately …
Neuroscientists at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA in collaboration with scientists at UC Berkeley have discovered that visual stimulation not only guides the way brain cells connect, but actually influences the types of cells that form in the first place – something that was thought to be genetically programmed.
… , stem cell marker expression, cell invasion, and sphere formation. Furthermore, in vivo knockdown completely inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenograft model. We propose that cytoplasmic SOX9-mediated cell death suppression would contribute to …
… Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) or crushed adipose tissue injection into the joint cavity reportedly improve knee function and symptoms, including pain. Stem cell spheroids may be promising treatment options due to their anti-inflammatory …
Host microbiota crosstalk is essential for the production and functional modulation of blood-cell lineages. Whether, and if so how, the microbiota influences hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is unclear. Here, we show that the microbiota regulates HSC self-renewal …
… RICH1 inhibits stem cell-like properties in breast cancer and maintains the normal epithelial architecture of … 3: RICH1 inhibits stem cell-like properties in breast cancer and maintains the normal epithelial architecture … RICH1 inhibits stem cell-like …
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