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Released: 14-Apr-2016 8:05 AM EDT
Electrical Brain Stimulation Enhances Creativity, Researchers Say
Georgetown University Medical Center

Safe levels of electrical stimulation can enhance your capacity to think more creatively, according to a new study by Georgetown researchers.

12-Apr-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Income Tax Preparation Chains Target Low-Income Workers
 Johns Hopkins University

National tax preparation chains continue to exploit the working poor, many of whom spend a significant portion of a key federal anti-poverty tax credit just to pay for filing their taxes, a new study concludes.

   
11-Apr-2016 11:05 AM EDT
The Red Queen Rules
University of Iowa

What does the Red Queen in “Alice in Wonderland” have to do with biology? “It takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.” Sexual reproduction protects species by continuously shuffling their genes. A UI-led team bolstered the theory by studying snails’ resilience to parasitic worms.

Released: 13-Apr-2016 4:05 PM EDT
Close Encounters Don't Tell Whole Story of Hunted Species in Amazon Ecosystems
Virginia Tech

Evidence of wildlife passage, such as tracks, scat, fur, and disturbed surroundings, is a more accurate tool for assessing wildlife conservation status than actual encounters with animals, according to an international team of scientists from six universities, including Virginia Tech.

Released: 13-Apr-2016 2:05 PM EDT
Rising CO2 Levels Reduce Protein in Crucial Pollen Source for Bees
Purdue University

Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide have reduced protein in goldenrod pollen, a key late-season food source for North American bees, a Purdue University study shows.

11-Apr-2016 7:00 AM EDT
Sexist Video Games Decrease Empathy for Female Violence Victims
Ohio State University

Young male gamers who strongly identify with male characters in sexist, violent video games show less empathy than others toward female violence victims, a new study found.

Released: 13-Apr-2016 1:05 PM EDT
Why Bearcats Smell Like Buttered Popcorn
Duke University

Researchers pinpoint chemical compound that gives rare animal its popcorn-like scent.

12-Apr-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Elusive State of Superconducting Matter Discovered after 50 Years
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, Cornell University, and collaborators have produced the first direct evidence of a state of electronic matter first predicted by theorists in 1964 -- a "Cooper pair density wave." The discovery, described in a paper published online April 13, 2016, in Nature, may provide key insights into the workings of high-temperature superconductors.

11-Apr-2016 10:00 AM EDT
Harvard Scientists Report on Novel Method for Extending the Life of Implantable Devices in situ
Beth Israel Lahey Health

In a paper published in the April 13 issue of Nature Communications, investigators from Harvard report on a novel biochemical method that enables the rapid and repeated regeneration of selected molecular constituents in situ after device implantation, which has the potential to substantially extend the lifetime of bioactive films without the need for device removal.

Released: 13-Apr-2016 12:05 AM EDT
Maple Syrup Protects Neurons and Nurtures Young Minds
Universite de Montreal

Maple syrup protects neurons and prevents the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in C. elegans worms, according to a study by college students, now students at the university level, and published today in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Supervised by PhD student Martine Therrien and by researcher Alex Parker, Catherine Aaron and Gabrielle Beaudry added maple syrup to the diet of these barely 1 mm-long nematodes.

   
Released: 12-Apr-2016 2:05 PM EDT
A Flexible Camera: A Radically Different Approach to Imaging
Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science

Columbia Engineering researchers have developed a novel sheet camera that can be wrapped around everyday objects to capture images that cannot be taken with one or more conventional cameras. They designed and fabricated a flexible lens array that adapts its optical properties when the sheet camera is bent. This optical adaptation enables the sheet camera to produce high quality images over a wide range of sheet deformations. (To be presented at ICCP 5/13-15)

Released: 12-Apr-2016 1:05 PM EDT
1917 Astronomical Plate Has First-Ever Evidence of Exoplanetary System
Carnegie Institution for Science

You can never predict what treasure might be hiding in your own basement. We didn't know it a year ago, but it turns out that a 1917 image on an astronomical glass plate from our Carnegie Observatories' collection shows the first-ever evidence of a planetary system beyond our own Sun.

8-Apr-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Will Raindrops Stick to a Spider Web’s Threads?
American Institute of Physics (AIP)

If you go out after a rain, you may notice spider webs glistening with water droplets. The soggy webs resemble human-made meshes for fog collection: They both have thin fibers that collect water from droplets in the air. Now researchers have developed a model to predict whether a falling droplet will stick to a thin fiber, and how much water residue will remain on the fiber, discussing their findings in this week’s Physics of Fluids.

Released: 11-Apr-2016 5:05 PM EDT
New, Fast Solar Wind PropulsionSystem Is Aim of NASA, UAH Study
University of Alabama Huntsville

Scientists at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) are set to use computer models to investigate NASA tests to develop an engineering tool to design missions using a new type of long-distance space propulsion.

Released: 11-Apr-2016 3:05 PM EDT
Combined Effects of Copper, Climate Change Can Be Deadly for Amphibians, Research Finds
University of Georgia

Researchers at the University of Georgia’s Savannah River Ecology Laboratory warn that the extinction to two amphibian species—the southern toad and the southern leopard frog—may be hastened by the combined effects of climate change and copper-contaminated wetlands.

8-Apr-2016 11:00 AM EDT
Scientists Uncover What Makes Plants “Clot"
University of Delaware

Just like humans, when plants are cut they clot at the site of the wound. Just how they do it is has been a botanical mystery until now. Two University of Delaware researchers have uncovered the enzymes that produce this response. The findings will be published on Monday in Nature Plants.

5-Apr-2016 4:05 PM EDT
St. Jude Researchers Reveal How Two Types of Immune Cells Can Arise From One
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Newly identified mechanism may offer ways to enhance the immune response to fight cancer or strengthen long-term protection provided by vaccines

Released: 8-Apr-2016 3:05 PM EDT
Scientists Invent Robotic 'Artist' That Spray Paints Giant Murals
Dartmouth College

Robots do many things formerly done only by humans - from bartending and farming to driving cars - but a Dartmouth researcher and his colleagues have invented a "smart" paint spray can that robotically reproduces photographs as large-scale murals.

Released: 8-Apr-2016 2:05 PM EDT
Violent Video Games Eventually Lose Their Ability to Produce Guilt in Gamers
University at Buffalo

A new University at Buffalo-led study suggests that the moral response produced by the initial exposure to a video game decreases as experience with the game develops.

Released: 7-Apr-2016 3:00 PM EDT
Astrophysicists Find Triple Star System with 'Hot Jupiter'
University of Notre Dame

Crisp, clear images of a “hot Jupiter” system captured by a University of Notre Dame physicist were vital in determining that a newly found planet inhabits a three-star system, a phenomenon documented only a few times before.

Released: 7-Apr-2016 2:05 PM EDT
Men on Tinder Think They Have a 'License to Use Unattractive Women as They See Fit'
British Sociological Association

Men on Tinder think they have a "licence to use women as they see fit" if their date's appearance is less attractive than her profile photograph, research says.

Released: 7-Apr-2016 10:00 AM EDT
Wine Yeast Genomes Lack Diversity
Genetics Society of America

Sequencing the genomes of hundreds of strains of the wine yeast S. cerevisiae has revealed little genetic diversity and high levels of inbreeding. In many cases, yeast strains sold by different companies were almost genetically identical. The results, published in the April issue of G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics, a publication of the Genetics Society of America, suggest that winemakers attempting to develop improved wine yeasts will need to look to creating hybrids with more exotic strains.

5-Apr-2016 4:20 PM EDT
Microbes Take Center Stage in Workings of ‘the River’s Liver’
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Scientists have found evidence that rising river waters deliver a feast of carbon to hungry microbes where water meets land, triggering increased activity and altering the flow of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Released: 6-Apr-2016 4:05 PM EDT
How a Metabolic Pathway Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis
The Rockefeller University Press

A metabolic pathway that is up-regulated in some breast cancers promotes the disease’s progression by activating a signaling protein called Arf6, according to a paper published in The Journal of Cell Biology. The study, “P53- and mevalonate pathway–driven malignancies require Arf6 for metastasis and drug resistance” by Ari Hashimoto and colleagues, suggests that statin-like drugs may be effective treatments for breast cancer patients whose tumors express high levels of Arf6 signaling proteins.

   
6-Apr-2016 1:00 PM EDT
Behemoth Black Hole Found in an Unlikely Place
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Astronomers have uncovered one of the biggest supermassive black holes, with the mass of 17 billion suns, in an unlikely place: the cente of a galaxy that lies in a quiet backwater of the universe. The observations, made with the Hubble Space Telescope and the Gemini telescope in Hawaii, indicate that these monster objects may be more common than once thought. The results of this study are released in the journal Nature. To learn even more, join astronomers and scientists during a live Hubble Hangout discussion at 3pm EDT on Thurs., April 7, at http://hbbl.us/z7j.

Released: 6-Apr-2016 4:05 AM EDT
Supermassive Black Holes Do Not Form from Stellar Black Holes
University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky Astrophysicist Isaac Shlosman and collaborators have revealed details of how supermassive black holes formed 13 billion years ago, and it's not from normal (stellar size) black holes growing to supermassive proportions.

29-Mar-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Exercise Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors From Constant Stress
American Physiological Society (APS)

Constant stress is associated with signs of poor blood vessel health and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. New research presented at the Experimental Biology 2016 meeting in San Diego finds that aerobic exercise kept the blood vessels of stressed rats working normally.

Released: 5-Apr-2016 3:05 PM EDT
Cold Mountain Streams Offer Climate Refuge: Future Holds Hope for Biodiversity
US Geological Survey (USGS)

A new study offers hope for cold-water species in the face of climate change. The study, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, addresses a longstanding paradox between predictions of widespread extinctions of cold-water species and a general lack of evidence for those extinctions despite decades of recent climate change.

4-Apr-2016 8:00 AM EDT
New Mouse Model to Aid Testing of Zika Vaccine, Therapeutics
Washington University in St. Louis

A research team at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has established a mouse model for testing of vaccines and therapeutics to battle Zika virus. The mouse model mimics aspects of the infection in humans, with high levels of the virus seen in the mouse brain and spinal cord and in the testes of male mice.

30-Mar-2016 1:00 PM EDT
Architecture of the Sperm Whale Forehead Facilitates Ramming Combat
PeerJ

A new study addresses a controversial hypothesis regarding the potential ramming function of the sperm whale’s head. This hypothesis was instrumental in inspiring Herman Melville to write the novel Moby Dick but its mechanical feasibility had never been addressed.

1-Apr-2016 4:05 PM EDT
How to Survive Extinction: Live Fast, Die Young
University of Utah

A team of international paleontologists demonstrate that ancient mammal relatives known as therapsids were suited to the drastic climate change by having shorter life expectancies and would have had a better chance of success by breeding at younger ages than their predecessors.

4-Apr-2016 1:45 PM EDT
For Treating a Leading Cause of Osteoporosis, Surgery Is Better Than Widely Used Medications
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences

A leading cause of the bone-loss disease osteoporosis is hyperparathyroidism. Doctors commonly treat this using a class of prescription drugs called bisphosphonates, which are supposed to strengthen bones. A UCLA study found those drugs actually increase the risk of fracture, meaning that taking them is worse than doing nothing at all. The research also revealed that patients who have surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid glands have fewer subsequent bone fractures.

4-Apr-2016 6:05 AM EDT
Coral Reefs Highlight the Key Role of Existing Biodiversity for Climate Change Adaptation
University of Southampton

New research on coral reefs suggests that existing biodiversity will be essential for the successful adaptation of ecosystems to climate change.

Released: 4-Apr-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Queen’s University Microbiologists Unmask the Hannibal Route Enigma
Queen's University Belfast

Microbiologists based in the Institute for Global Food Security and School of Biological Sciences at Queen’s University Belfast have recently released results that may have answered one of ancient history’s greatest enigmas: Where did Hannibal cross the Alps?

Released: 4-Apr-2016 8:05 AM EDT
Shocking Collapse of Gorilla Subspecies
Wildlife Conservation Society

A shocking new report by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and Fauna & Flora International documents a catastrophic collapse of the world’s largest great ape– the Grauer’s gorilla – due to a combination of illegal hunting around mining sites and settlements, prior civil unrest, and habitat loss.

29-Mar-2016 7:00 AM EDT
Improving Symptoms of Depression Can Reduce Risk of Major Cardiovascular Problems
Intermountain Medical Center

New study by researchers at the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Salt Lake City found that effectively treating depression can reduce a patient’s chance of having a stroke, heart failure, a heart attack or death.

30-Mar-2016 6:00 AM EDT
Study Finds Elevated Levels of Newly Identified Inflammation Biomarker Offsets Benefit of Good Cholesterol
Intermountain Medical Center

People with high levels of good cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein, are not as safe from heart disease when high levels of a newly identified biomarker of inflammation in the arteries are also found in their bloodstream, according to a new study.

29-Mar-2016 7:30 PM EDT
Ancient DNA Shows European Wipe-Out of Early Americans
University of Adelaide

The first largescale study of ancient DNA from early American people has confirmed the devastating impact of European colonisation on the Indigenous American populations of the time.

Released: 1-Apr-2016 1:05 PM EDT
Heart Rate Variability Predicts Epileptic Seizure
Kumamoto University

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that causes seizures of many different types. Recent research from Japan has found that epileptic seizures can be more easily predicted by using an electrocardiogram to measure fluctuations in the heart rate than by measuring brain activity, because the monitoring device is easier to wear. By making more accurate predictions, it is possible to prevent injury or accident that may result from an epileptic seizure. This is a significant contribution toward the realization of a society where epileptic patients can live without worrying about sustaining injury from an unexpected seizure.

30-Mar-2016 11:05 AM EDT
Brain Changes Seen in Veterans with PTSD After Mindfulness Training
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Like an endlessly repeating video loop, horrible memories plague people with post-traumatic stress disorder. But a new study in veterans shows the promise of mindfulness training for enhancing the ability to manage those thoughts if they come up. It also shows the veterans’ brains changed in ways that could help switch off that endless loop.

Released: 31-Mar-2016 5:05 PM EDT
New Tumbleweed Species Rapidly Expanding Range
University of California, Riverside

Two invasive species of tumbleweed have hybridized to create a new species of tumbleweed that University of California, Riverside researchers found has dramatically expanded its geographic range in California in just a decade.

22-Mar-2016 10:05 AM EDT
Want to Know Where Threatened Species Live? Look to the Clouds
University at Buffalo

A new study analyzes cloud cover around the world over 15 years. It finds that variations in cloud cover can help researchers predict where different species live — information that could aid conservation and management efforts.

Released: 31-Mar-2016 10:00 AM EDT
Hubble's Journey to the Center of Our Galaxy
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Peering deep into the heart of our Milky Way galaxy, this Hubble Space Telescope image reveals a rich tapestry of more than half a million stars. Except for a few blue, foreground stars, the stars are part of the Milky Way’s nuclear star cluster, the most massive and densest star cluster in our galaxy. To learn more, join astronomers and scientists during a live Hubble Hangout discussion at 3pm EDT today (Thurs., March 31) at http://hbbl.us/y6k.

Released: 31-Mar-2016 10:00 AM EDT
Planet Formation in Earth-Like Orbit Around a Young Star: ALMA's Best Image Yet of a Protoplanetary Disk
National Radio Astronomy Observatory

New images from ALMA reveal never-before-seen details in the planet-forming disk around a nearby Sun-like star, including a tantalizing gap at the same distance from the star as the Earth is from the Sun.

Released: 31-Mar-2016 8:05 AM EDT
New Potent Nanodrug to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Infections
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

A research team led by University of Arkansas chemist Jingyi Chen and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences microbiologist Mark Smeltzer has developed an alternative therapeutic approach to fighting antibiotic-resistant infections.

   
Released: 30-Mar-2016 4:05 PM EDT
New Climate Model has Antarctic Ice Sheet Melting Faster, Rising Sea Level As Much as 3 Feet By 2100
Newswise Trends

A study published in today's Nature gives estimates of sea levels rising twice what previous studies have warned. The rapid melting of Antarctic's Ice Sheet could raise the sea level as much as three feet by the end of this century. The newer model suggests that sea levels could rise as much as 13 meters by 2500 should the Antarctic Ice Shelf, roughly the size of Mexico, continue to melt.

Released: 30-Mar-2016 2:05 PM EDT
No Snow, No Hares: Climate Change Pushes Emblematic Species North
University of Wisconsin–Madison

A changing climate and reduced snow cover across the north is squeezing the snowshoe hare out of its historic range, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Released: 30-Mar-2016 1:05 PM EDT
Map of Rocky Exoplanet Reveals a Lava World
University of Cambridge

An international team of astronomers, led by the University of Cambridge, has obtained the most detailed 'fingerprint' of a rocky planet outside our solar system to date, and found a planet of two halves: one that is almost completely molten, and the other which is almost completely solid.

Released: 30-Mar-2016 12:05 PM EDT
Birth Control Pills May Increase Risk Of Seizures
Texas A&M University

Could certain types of hormonal contraceptives cause an increase in seizures in women with epilepsy? A recent Texas A&M Health Science Center study suggests that ethinyl estradiol, the primary component of oral contraceptives, could be detrimental to the epileptic brain.

24-Mar-2016 4:05 PM EDT
Successful Dying: Researchers Define the Elements of a “Good Death”
UC San Diego Health

For most people, the culmination of a good life is a “good death,” though what that means exactly is a matter of considerable consternation. Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine surveyed published, English-language, peer-reviewed reports of qualitative and quantitative studies defining a “good death,” ultimately identifying 11 core themes associated with dying well.



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